<s>
OpenDNS	B-Protocol
is	O
an	O
American	O
company	O
providing	O
Domain	B-Protocol
Name	I-Protocol
System	I-Protocol
(	O
DNS	B-Protocol
)	O
resolution	O
services	O
—	O
with	O
features	O
such	O
as	O
phishing	O
protection	O
,	O
optional	O
content	B-Protocol
filtering	I-Protocol
,	O
and	O
DNS	B-Protocol
lookup	O
in	O
its	O
DNS	B-Protocol
servers	O
—	O
and	O
a	O
cloud	B-General_Concept
computing	I-General_Concept
security	I-General_Concept
product	O
suite	O
,	O
Umbrella	O
,	O
designed	O
to	O
protect	O
enterprise	O
customers	O
from	O
malware	O
,	O
botnets	O
,	O
phishing	O
,	O
and	O
targeted	O
online	O
attacks	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
OpenDNS	B-Protocol
Global	O
Network	O
processes	O
an	O
estimated	O
100	O
billion	O
DNS	B-Protocol
queries	I-Protocol
daily	O
from	O
85	O
million	O
users	O
through	O
25	O
data	B-Operating_System
centers	I-Operating_System
worldwide	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
On	O
August	O
27	O
,	O
2015	O
,	O
Cisco	O
acquired	O
OpenDNS	B-Protocol
for	O
million	O
in	O
an	O
all-cash	O
transaction	O
,	O
plus	O
retention-based	O
incentives	O
for	O
OpenDNS	B-Protocol
.	O
</s>
<s>
OpenDNS	B-Protocol
's	O
business	O
services	O
were	O
renamed	O
Cisco	B-Protocol
Umbrella	I-Protocol
;	O
home	O
products	O
retained	O
the	O
OpenDNS	B-Protocol
name	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Cisco	O
said	O
that	O
it	O
intended	O
to	O
continue	O
development	O
of	O
OpenDNS	B-Protocol
with	O
its	O
other	O
cloud-based	O
security	O
products	O
,	O
and	O
that	O
it	O
would	O
continue	O
its	O
existing	O
services	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Until	O
June	O
,	O
OpenDNS	B-Protocol
provided	O
an	O
ad-supported	O
service	O
and	O
a	O
paid	O
advertisement-free	O
service	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
services	O
are	O
based	O
on	O
software	B-Application
proprietary	I-Application
to	O
the	O
company	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
name	O
"	O
OpenDNS	B-Protocol
"	O
refers	O
to	O
the	O
DNS	B-Protocol
concept	O
that	O
queries	O
are	O
accepted	O
from	O
any	O
source	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
is	O
not	O
related	O
to	O
open	B-Application
source	I-Application
software	I-Application
;	O
the	O
service	O
is	O
based	O
on	O
closed-source	B-Application
software	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
OpenDNS	B-Protocol
offers	O
DNS	B-Protocol
resolution	O
as	O
an	O
alternative	O
to	O
using	O
Internet	O
service	O
providers	O
 '	O
DNS	B-Protocol
servers	O
or	O
locally	O
installed	O
DNS	B-Protocol
servers	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
OpenDNS	B-Protocol
has	O
adopted	O
and	O
supports	O
the	O
DNSCurve	B-Protocol
secure	O
protocol	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
OpenDNS	B-Protocol
provides	O
the	O
following	O
recursive	O
nameserver	O
addresses	O
for	O
public	O
use	O
,	O
mapped	O
to	O
the	O
nearest	O
operational	O
server	O
location	O
by	O
anycast	B-Protocol
routing	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
OpenDNS	B-Protocol
also	O
provides	O
the	O
following	O
recursive	O
nameserver	O
addresses	O
as	O
part	O
of	O
their	O
FamilyShield	O
parental	O
controls	O
that	O
block	O
pornography	O
,	O
proxy	O
servers	O
,	O
and	O
phishing	O
sites	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
OpenDNS	B-Protocol
Sandbox	O
is	O
an	O
RFC-compliant	O
DNS	B-Protocol
service	O
that	O
does	O
not	O
provide	O
any	O
level	O
of	O
filtering	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
OpenDNS	B-Protocol
OpenDNS	B-Protocol
Family	O
Shield	O
OpenDNS	B-Protocol
Sandbox	O
Filters	O
domains	O
rowspan	O
="3	O
"	O
!	O
</s>
<s>
Passes	O
ECS	B-Protocol
rowspan	O
=	O
"	O
2	O
"	O
!	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
July	O
2013	O
OpenDNS	B-Protocol
said	O
that	O
it	O
handled	O
over	O
50	O
billion	O
DNS	B-Protocol
requests	O
daily	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
many	O
cases	O
OpenDNS	B-Protocol
provides	O
only	O
negligible	O
performance	O
gain	O
,	O
but	O
may	O
process	O
queries	O
more	O
quickly	O
than	O
an	O
ISP	O
with	O
slow	O
DNS	B-Protocol
servers	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
DNS	B-Protocol
query	I-Protocol
results	O
are	O
sometimes	O
cached	O
by	O
routers	B-Protocol
(	O
e.g.	O
,	O
local	O
ISPs	O
 '	O
queries	O
may	O
be	O
cached	O
by	O
ISPs	O
 '	O
home	O
routers	B-Protocol
)	O
,	O
the	O
local	O
operating	B-General_Concept
system	I-General_Concept
or	O
applications	B-Application
,	O
so	O
differences	O
in	O
speed	O
may	O
be	O
noticeable	O
only	O
with	O
requests	O
that	O
are	O
not	O
stored	O
in	O
a	O
local	O
cache	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
On	O
May	O
13	O
,	O
2007	O
,	O
OpenDNS	B-Protocol
launched	O
a	O
domain-blocking	O
service	O
to	O
block	O
web	O
sites	O
or	O
non-web	O
servers	O
by	O
categories	O
,	O
allowing	O
control	O
over	O
the	O
type	O
of	O
sites	O
that	O
may	O
be	O
accessed	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
2008	O
,	O
OpenDNS	B-Protocol
changed	O
from	O
a	O
closed	O
list	O
of	O
blocked	O
domains	O
to	O
a	O
community-driven	O
list	O
allowing	O
subscribers	O
to	O
suggest	O
sites	O
for	O
blocking	O
;	O
if	O
enough	O
subscribers	O
(	O
the	O
number	O
has	O
not	O
been	O
disclosed	O
)	O
concur	O
with	O
the	O
categorization	O
of	O
a	O
site	O
,	O
it	O
is	O
added	O
to	O
the	O
appropriate	O
category	O
for	O
blocking	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
basic	O
OpenDNS	B-Protocol
service	O
does	O
not	O
require	O
users	O
to	O
register	O
,	O
but	O
using	O
the	O
customizable	O
block	O
feature	O
requires	O
registration	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
OpenDNS	B-Protocol
also	O
run	O
a	O
service	O
called	O
PhishTank	O
for	O
users	O
to	O
submit	O
and	O
review	O
suspected	O
phishing	O
sites	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
OpenDNS	B-Protocol
supports	O
the	O
DNSCrypt	B-Protocol
protocol	O
,	O
which	O
authenticates	O
DNS	B-Protocol
traffic	O
between	O
the	O
user	O
's	O
computer	O
and	O
the	O
name	O
servers	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
December	O
2007	O
OpenDNS	B-Protocol
began	O
offering	O
the	O
free	O
DNS-O-Matic	O
service	O
to	O
provide	O
a	O
method	O
of	O
sending	O
dynamic	B-Protocol
DNS	I-Protocol
(	O
DDNS	B-Protocol
)	O
updates	O
to	O
several	O
DDNS	B-Protocol
providers	O
using	O
DynDNS	B-Protocol
's	O
update	O
API	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
October	O
2009	O
OpenDNS	B-Protocol
launched	O
charged-for	O
premium	O
services	O
called	O
Home	O
VIP	O
that	O
offer	O
increased	O
reporting	O
and	O
block	O
features	O
,	O
and	O
other	O
services	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
2009	O
OpenDNS	B-Protocol
launched	O
OpenDNS	B-Protocol
Enterprise	O
,	O
a	O
first	O
foray	O
into	O
enterprise-grade	O
network	O
security	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
OpenDNS	B-Protocol
Enterprise	O
included	O
the	O
ability	O
to	O
share	O
management	O
of	O
the	O
product	O
across	O
a	O
team	O
,	O
along	O
with	O
an	O
audit	O
log	O
,	O
expanded	O
malware	O
protection	O
,	O
daily	O
network	O
statistic	O
reports	O
,	O
and	O
a	O
custom	O
block	O
page	O
URL	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
OpenDNS	B-Protocol
expanded	O
on	O
the	O
Enterprise	O
product	O
in	O
July	O
2012	O
with	O
OpenDNS	B-Protocol
Insights	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
This	O
new	O
service	O
featured	O
integration	O
with	O
Microsoft	B-Protocol
Active	I-Protocol
Directory	I-Protocol
,	O
which	O
allowed	O
admins	O
granular	O
control	O
over	O
creating	O
policies	O
on	O
a	O
per-user	O
,	O
per-device	O
,	O
and	O
per-group	O
basis	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
November	O
2012	O
OpenDNS	B-Protocol
launched	O
its	O
network	O
security	O
product	O
suite	O
called	O
Umbrella	O
,	O
designed	O
to	O
enforce	O
security	O
policies	O
for	O
mobile	O
employees	O
who	O
work	O
beyond	O
the	O
corporate	O
network	O
using	O
roaming	O
devices	O
such	O
as	O
Windows	O
and	O
Mac	O
laptops	O
,	O
iPhones	O
,	O
and	O
iPads	O
,	O
and	O
provides	O
granular	O
network	O
security	O
for	O
all	O
devices	O
behind	O
the	O
network	O
perimeter	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
February	O
2013	O
the	O
company	O
launched	O
the	O
OpenDNS	B-Protocol
Security	O
Graph	O
to	O
support	O
Umbrella	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Security	O
graph	O
is	O
a	O
data-driven	O
threat	O
intelligence	B-General_Concept
engine	I-General_Concept
that	O
automatically	O
updates	O
malware	O
,	O
botnet	O
,	O
and	O
phishing	O
domain	O
and	O
IP	O
blacklists	O
enforced	O
by	O
Umbrella	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
data	O
is	O
sourced	O
from	O
the	O
DNS	B-Protocol
requests	O
OpenDNS	B-Protocol
receives	O
,	O
plus	O
the	O
BGP	O
routing	O
tables	O
that	O
are	O
managed	O
by	O
OpenDNS	B-Protocol
's	O
network	O
operations	O
center	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
OpenDNS	B-Protocol
introduced	O
the	O
Investigate	O
feature	O
to	O
Umbrella	O
in	O
November	O
2013	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
OpenDNS	B-Protocol
Intelligent	O
Proxy	O
only	O
proxies	O
connections	O
if	O
the	O
requested	O
domain	O
is	O
scored	O
as	O
suspicious	O
or	O
tagged	O
as	O
partially	O
malicious	O
by	O
OpenDNS	B-Protocol
Security	O
Graph	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
One	O
month	O
later	O
OpenDNS	B-Protocol
announced	O
a	O
technology	O
integration	O
partnership	O
with	O
FireEye	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
July	O
2006	O
OpenDNS	B-Protocol
was	O
launched	O
by	O
computer	O
scientist	O
and	O
entrepreneur	B-Application
David	O
Ulevitch	O
,	O
providing	O
recursive	O
DNS	B-Protocol
resolution	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
October	O
2006	O
OpenDNS	B-Protocol
launched	O
PhishTank	O
,	O
an	O
online	O
collaborative	O
anti-phishing	O
database	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Before	O
2007	O
OpenDNS	B-Protocol
was	O
using	O
the	O
DNS	B-Protocol
Update	O
API	O
from	O
DynDNS	B-Protocol
to	O
handle	O
updates	O
from	O
users	O
with	O
dynamic	O
IPs	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
June	O
2007	O
OpenDNS	B-Protocol
started	O
advanced	O
web	B-Protocol
filtering	I-Protocol
to	O
optionally	O
block	O
"	O
adult	O
content	O
"	O
for	O
their	O
free	O
accounts	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Nand	O
Mulchandani	O
,	O
former	O
head	O
of	O
VMware	O
's	O
security	O
group	O
,	O
left	O
VMware	O
to	O
join	O
OpenDNS	B-Protocol
as	O
new	O
CEO	O
in	O
November	O
2008	O
,	O
replacing	O
founder	O
David	O
Ulevitch	O
,	O
who	O
remained	O
as	O
the	O
company	O
's	O
chief	O
technology	O
officer	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
David	O
Ulevitch	O
resumed	O
his	O
post	O
as	O
CEO	O
of	O
OpenDNS	B-Protocol
in	O
late	O
2009	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
June	O
2010	O
OpenDNS	B-Protocol
launched	O
"	O
FamilyShield	O
"	O
,	O
a	O
service	O
designed	O
to	O
filter	O
out	O
sites	O
with	O
pornographic	O
content	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
service	O
uses	O
the	O
DNS	B-Protocol
addresses	O
208.67.222.123	O
and	O
208.67.220.123	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
March	O
2012	O
Dan	O
Hubbard	O
,	O
former	O
CTO	O
at	O
Websense	O
,	O
joined	O
OpenDNS	B-Protocol
as	O
CTO	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
OpenDNS	B-Protocol
Security	O
Labs	O
were	O
founded	O
in	O
December	O
2012	O
,	O
serving	O
as	O
a	O
hub	O
for	O
research	O
at	O
the	O
company	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
OpenDNS	B-Protocol
launched	O
Security	O
Graph	O
,	O
a	O
security	O
intelligence	O
and	O
threat	O
detection	O
engine	O
in	O
February	O
2013	O
,	O
followed	O
by	O
a	O
Series	O
B	O
funding	O
round	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
May	O
2014	O
OpenDNS	B-Protocol
announced	O
a	O
Series	O
C	O
funding	O
round	O
totaling	O
,	O
with	O
new	O
investors	O
Glynn	O
Capital	O
Management	O
,	O
Northgate	O
Capital	O
,	O
Mohr	O
Davidow	O
Ventures	O
,	O
Lumia	O
Capital	O
,	O
Evolution	O
Equity	O
Partners	O
,	O
Cisco	O
,	O
Chris	O
Sacca	O
,	O
Naval	O
Ravikant	O
,	O
Elad	O
Gill	O
,	O
as	O
well	O
as	O
previous	O
backers	O
Greylock	O
Partners	O
,	O
Sequoia	O
Capital	O
,	O
and	O
Sutter	O
Hill	O
Ventures	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
On	O
August	O
27	O
,	O
2015	O
,	O
Cisco	O
acquired	O
OpenDNS	B-Protocol
for	O
in	O
an	O
all-cash	O
transaction	O
,	O
plus	O
retention-based	O
incentives	O
for	O
OpenDNS	B-Protocol
.	O
</s>
<s>
OpenDNS	B-Protocol
's	O
business	O
services	O
were	O
renamed	O
Cisco	B-Protocol
Umbrella	I-Protocol
;	O
home	O
products	O
retained	O
the	O
OpenDNS	B-Protocol
name	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Cisco	O
said	O
that	O
it	O
intended	O
to	O
continue	O
development	O
of	O
OpenDNS	B-Protocol
with	O
its	O
other	O
cloud-based	O
security	O
products	O
,	O
and	O
that	O
it	O
would	O
continue	O
its	O
existing	O
services	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
OpenDNS	B-Protocol
previously	O
earned	O
a	O
portion	O
of	O
its	O
revenue	O
by	O
resolving	O
a	O
domain	O
name	O
to	O
an	O
OpenDNS	B-Protocol
server	O
when	O
the	O
name	O
is	O
not	O
otherwise	O
defined	O
in	O
DNS	B-Protocol
.	O
</s>
<s>
This	O
had	O
the	O
effect	O
that	O
if	O
a	O
user	O
typed	O
a	O
non-existent	O
name	O
in	O
a	O
URL	O
in	O
a	O
web	O
browser	O
,	O
the	O
user	O
saw	O
an	O
OpenDNS	B-Protocol
search	O
page	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Advertisers	O
paid	O
OpenDNS	B-Protocol
to	O
have	O
advertisements	O
for	O
their	O
sites	O
on	O
this	O
page	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
This	O
behavior	O
is	O
similar	O
to	O
VeriSign	B-Application
's	O
previous	O
Site	B-Protocol
Finder	I-Protocol
or	O
the	O
redirects	O
many	O
ISP	O
's	O
place	O
on	O
their	O
own	O
DNS	B-Protocol
servers	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
OpenDNS	B-Protocol
said	O
that	O
the	O
advertising	O
revenue	O
paid	O
for	O
the	O
free	O
customized	O
DNS	B-Protocol
service	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
was	O
discontinued	O
on	O
June	O
6	O
,	O
2014	O
;	O
OpenDNS	B-Protocol
said	O
this	O
was	O
because	O
of	O
their	O
move	O
towards	O
a	O
security	O
focus	O
in	O
their	O
business	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
2007	O
,	O
David	O
Ulevitch	O
explained	O
that	O
,	O
in	O
response	O
to	O
Dell	O
installing	O
"	O
Browser	O
Address	O
Error	O
Redirector	O
"	O
software	O
on	O
their	O
PCs	O
,	O
OpenDNS	B-Protocol
started	O
resolving	O
requests	O
to	O
Google.com	B-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
Some	O
of	O
the	O
traffic	O
is	O
handled	O
by	O
OpenDNS	B-Protocol
typo-correcting	O
service	O
that	O
corrects	O
mistyped	O
addresses	O
and	O
redirects	O
keyword	O
addresses	O
to	O
OpenDNS	B-Protocol
's	O
search	O
page	O
,	O
while	O
the	O
rest	O
is	O
transparently	O
passed	O
through	O
to	O
the	O
intended	O
recipient	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Also	O
,	O
a	O
user	O
's	O
search	O
request	O
from	O
the	O
address	O
bar	O
of	O
a	O
browser	O
that	O
is	O
configured	O
to	O
use	O
the	O
Google	B-Application
search	I-Application
engine	I-Application
(	O
with	O
a	O
certain	O
parameter	O
configured	O
)	O
may	O
be	O
covertly	O
redirected	O
to	O
a	O
server	O
owned	O
by	O
OpenDNS	B-Protocol
(	O
which	O
is	O
within	O
the	O
OpenDNS	B-Protocol
Terms	O
of	O
Service	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Users	O
can	O
disable	O
this	O
behavior	O
by	O
logging	O
into	O
their	O
OpenDNS	B-Protocol
account	O
and	O
unchecking	O
"	O
OpenDNS	B-Protocol
proxy	O
"	O
option	O
;	O
Mozilla	O
users	O
can	O
instead	O
install	O
an	O
extension	O
,	O
or	O
change	O
or	O
remove	O
the	O
navclient	O
sourceid	O
from	O
their	O
keyword	O
search	O
URLs	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
This	O
redirection	O
breaks	O
some	O
non-Web	O
applications	B-Application
that	O
rely	O
on	O
getting	O
an	O
NXDOMAIN	O
response	O
for	O
non-existent	O
domains	O
,	O
such	O
as	O
e-mail	O
spam	O
filtering	O
,	O
or	O
VPN	O
access	O
where	O
the	O
private	O
network	O
's	O
nameservers	O
are	O
consulted	O
only	O
when	O
the	O
public	O
ones	O
fail	O
to	O
resolve	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Breaking	O
local	O
name	O
resolution	O
can	O
be	O
avoided	O
by	O
configuring	O
the	O
DNS	B-Protocol
addresses	O
only	O
in	O
the	O
forwarders	O
of	O
the	O
local	O
DNS	B-Protocol
server	O
or	O
router	B-Protocol
(	O
the	O
WAN/Internet	O
configuration	O
of	O
a	O
router	B-Protocol
or	O
other	O
gateway	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
For	O
other	O
purposes	O
,	O
or	O
when	O
the	O
DNS	B-Protocol
addresses	O
cannot	O
be	O
configured	O
in	O
a	O
forwarder	O
,	O
domains	O
for	O
which	O
an	O
NXDOMAIN	O
response	O
is	O
expected	O
should	O
be	O
added	O
to	O
the	O
Exceptions	O
for	O
VPN	O
Users	O
section	O
of	O
the	O
OpenDNS	B-Protocol
Dashboard	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Most	O
of	O
the	O
issues	O
above	O
were	O
resolved	O
when	O
OpenDNS	B-Protocol
discontinued	O
their	O
advertising	O
service	O
,	O
and	O
started	O
responding	O
with	O
NXDOMAIN	O
and	O
SERVFAIL	O
instead	O
of	O
redirecting	O
non-existing	O
domains	O
.	O
</s>
