<s>
An	O
open-source	B-Application
voting	I-Application
system	I-Application
(	O
OSVS	O
)	O
,	O
also	O
known	O
as	O
open-source	B-Application
voting	I-Application
(	O
or	O
OSV	O
)	O
,	O
is	O
a	O
voting	O
system	O
that	O
uses	O
open-source	B-Application
software	I-Application
(	O
and/or	O
hardware	O
)	O
that	O
is	O
completely	O
transparent	O
in	O
its	O
design	O
in	O
order	O
to	O
be	O
checked	O
by	O
anyone	O
for	O
bugs	O
or	O
issues	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Free	B-License
and	I-License
open-source	I-License
systems	O
can	O
be	O
adapted	O
and	O
used	O
by	O
others	O
without	O
paying	O
licensing	O
fees	O
,	O
improving	O
the	O
odds	O
they	O
achieve	O
the	O
scale	O
usually	O
needed	O
for	O
long-term	O
success	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
development	O
of	O
open-source	B-Application
voting	I-Application
technology	O
has	O
shown	O
a	O
small	O
but	O
steady	O
trend	O
towards	O
increased	O
adoption	O
since	O
the	O
first	O
system	O
was	O
put	O
into	O
practice	O
in	O
Choctaw	O
County	O
,	O
Mississippi	O
in	O
2019	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
With	O
quicker	O
identification	O
and	O
correction	O
of	O
issues	O
than	O
under	O
proprietary	O
systems	O
,	O
organizations	O
such	O
as	O
the	O
U.S.	O
Defense	O
Department	O
and	O
NASA	O
opt	O
to	O
incorporate	O
open-source	B-Application
software	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
consensus	O
among	O
the	O
information	O
security	O
community	O
is	O
that	O
a	O
widely-used	O
open-source	B-License
system	O
should	O
be	O
more	O
secure	O
than	O
a	O
closed	O
one	O
,	O
as	O
more	O
people	O
tend	O
to	O
be	O
willing	O
and	O
able	O
to	O
check	O
for	O
vulnerabilities	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
addition	O
to	O
increased	O
transparency	O
creating	O
more	O
trust	O
and	O
security	O
,	O
open-source	B-Application
software	I-Application
can	O
lower	O
costs	O
for	O
elections	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Open-source	B-Application
software	I-Application
allows	O
maintenance	O
costs	O
to	O
be	O
controlled	O
via	O
vendor	O
competition	O
(	O
rather	O
than	O
dependence	O
on	O
just	O
a	O
couple	O
vendors	O
)	O
,	O
and	O
to	O
be	O
shared	O
with	O
other	O
jurisdictions	O
as	O
they	O
employ	O
the	O
software	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
2004	O
,	O
Open	O
Voting	O
Consortium	O
demonstrated	O
a	O
"	O
Dechert	O
Design	O
"	O
GPL	O
open	B-License
source	I-License
paper	O
ballot	O
printing	O
and	O
scanner	O
voting	O
system	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
2019	O
,	O
Microsoft	O
made	O
its	O
ElectionGuard	O
software	B-Application
open-source	I-Application
,	O
which	O
the	O
company	O
claims	O
is	O
used	O
by	O
all	O
major	O
manufacturers	O
of	O
voting	O
systems	O
(	O
in	O
the	O
United	O
States	O
)	O
,	O
however	O
they	O
have	O
come	O
under	O
fire	O
for	O
obstructing	O
the	O
adoption	O
of	O
open-source	B-License
election	O
software	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
Los	O
Angeles	O
attempt	O
at	O
open	B-License
source	I-License
voting	O
was	O
dismissed	O
by	O
Open	B-License
Source	I-License
Initiative	O
as	O
a	O
failed	O
project	O
when	O
it	O
did	O
not	O
meet	O
accepted	O
open	B-License
source	I-License
standards	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
A	O
condition	O
of	O
the	O
Secretary	O
of	O
State	O
's	O
approval	O
was	O
to	O
open-source	B-License
the	O
code	O
by	O
October	O
1	O
,	O
2021	O
,	O
but	O
had	O
shirked	O
that	O
commitment	O
as	O
of	O
February	O
2022	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Mississippi	O
was	O
the	O
first	O
state	O
to	O
have	O
local	O
jurisdictions	O
use	O
open-source	B-Application
voting	I-Application
systems	I-Application
to	O
cast	O
and	O
count	O
ballots	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
New	O
Hampshire	O
,	O
the	O
towns	O
of	O
Ashland	O
,	O
Newington	O
and	O
Woodstock	O
piloted	O
that	O
same	O
open-sourced	B-Application
software	I-Application
system	O
in	O
the	O
fall	O
of	O
2022	O
with	O
an	O
eye	O
to	O
statewide	O
adoption	O
of	O
VotingWorks	O
 '	O
open-source	B-License
systems	O
by	O
2024	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Open-source	B-License
election	O
risk-limiting	O
audit	O
systems	O
have	O
been	O
implemented	O
statewide	O
in	O
the	O
U.S.	O
states	O
of	O
Georgia	O
,	O
Michigan	B-Device
,	O
Pennsylvania	O
,	O
Rhode	O
Island	O
,	O
and	O
Virginia	B-Application
and	O
in	O
local	O
jurisdictions	O
in	O
California	O
,	O
Nevada	O
,	O
New	O
Jersey	O
,	O
North	O
Carolina	O
,	O
and	O
Washington	O
.	O
</s>
