<s>
The	O
Olivetti	O
company	O
,	O
an	O
Italian	O
manufacturer	O
of	O
computers	O
,	O
tablets	B-Device
,	O
smartphones	B-Application
,	O
printers	O
and	O
other	O
such	O
business	O
products	O
as	O
calculators	B-Application
and	O
fax	O
machines	O
,	O
was	O
founded	O
as	O
a	O
typewriters	O
manufacturer	O
by	O
Camillo	O
Olivetti	O
in	O
1908	O
in	O
the	O
Turin	O
commune	O
of	O
Ivrea	O
,	O
Italy	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Olivetti	O
was	O
a	O
pioneer	O
in	O
computer	O
development	O
,	O
starting	O
with	O
the	O
mainframe	B-Architecture
systems	O
in	O
the	O
1950s	O
,	O
and	O
continuing	O
into	O
the	O
1990s	O
with	O
PC	O
compatible	O
laptops	B-Device
and	O
desktops	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Between	O
1955	O
and	O
1964	O
Olivetti	O
developed	O
some	O
of	O
the	O
first	O
transistorized	O
mainframe	B-Architecture
computer	I-Architecture
systems	O
,	O
such	O
as	O
the	O
Elea	B-Operating_System
9003	I-Operating_System
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
1965	O
,	O
Olivetti	O
released	O
the	O
Programma	B-Device
101	I-Device
,	O
considered	O
one	O
of	O
the	O
first	O
commercial	O
desktop	O
programmable	O
calculators	B-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
was	O
saved	O
from	O
the	O
sale	O
of	O
the	O
computer	O
division	O
to	O
GE	O
thanks	O
to	O
an	O
employee	O
,	O
Gastone	O
Garziera	O
,	O
who	O
spent	O
successive	O
nights	O
changing	O
the	O
internal	O
categorization	O
of	O
the	O
product	O
from	O
"	O
computer	O
"	O
to	O
"	O
calculator	B-Application
"	O
,	O
so	O
leaving	O
the	O
small	O
team	O
in	O
Olivetti	O
and	O
creating	O
some	O
awkward	O
situations	O
in	O
the	O
office	O
,	O
since	O
that	O
space	O
was	O
now	O
owned	O
by	O
GE	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
1974	O
,	O
the	O
firm	O
released	O
the	O
TC800	O
,	O
an	O
intelligent	O
terminal	O
designed	O
to	O
be	O
attached	O
to	O
a	O
mainframe	B-Architecture
and	O
used	O
in	O
the	O
finance	O
sector	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Olivetti	O
's	O
first	O
modern	O
personal	B-Device
computer	I-Device
,	O
the	O
M20	B-Device
,	O
featuring	O
a	O
Zilog	B-Device
Z8000	I-Device
CPU	B-Device
,	O
was	O
released	O
in	O
1982	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
M20	B-Device
was	O
followed	O
in	O
1983	O
by	O
the	O
M24	B-Operating_System
,	O
a	O
clone	O
of	O
the	O
IBM	B-Device
PC	I-Device
using	O
DOS	B-Application
and	O
the	O
Intel	B-General_Concept
8086	I-General_Concept
processor	O
(	O
at	O
8	O
MHz	O
)	O
instead	O
of	O
the	O
Intel	B-Device
8088	I-Device
used	O
by	O
IBM	O
(	O
at	O
4.77MHz	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
M24	B-Operating_System
was	O
sold	O
in	O
North	O
America	O
as	O
the	O
AT&T	B-Operating_System
6300	I-Operating_System
.	O
</s>
<s>
Olivetti	O
also	O
manufactured	O
the	O
AT&T	B-Operating_System
6300	I-Operating_System
Plus	I-Operating_System
,	O
which	O
could	O
run	O
both	O
DOS	B-Application
and	O
Unix	B-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
M24	B-Operating_System
was	O
also	O
sold	O
as	O
Xerox	B-Operating_System
6060	I-Operating_System
in	O
the	O
US	O
,	O
and	O
as	O
LogAbax	O
PERSONA	B-Operating_System
1600	I-Operating_System
in	O
France	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
Olivetti	B-Device
M28	I-Device
was	O
the	O
firm	O
's	O
first	O
PC	O
to	O
have	O
the	O
Intel	B-General_Concept
80286	I-General_Concept
processor	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
was	O
sold	O
in	O
France	O
as	O
the	O
LogAbax	O
Persona	B-Device
1800	I-Device
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
same	O
year	O
Olivetti	O
produced	O
its	O
M10	B-Operating_System
laptop	B-Device
computer	I-Device
,	O
a	O
8085-based	O
workalike	O
of	O
the	O
successful	O
Radio	O
Shack	O
TRS-80	B-Operating_System
Model	I-Operating_System
100	I-Operating_System
,	O
which	O
it	O
marketed	O
in	O
Europe	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
These	O
were	O
the	O
first	O
laptops	B-Device
to	O
sell	O
in	O
million-unit	O
quantities	O
,	O
though	O
the	O
itself	O
only	O
attained	O
sales	O
figures	O
in	O
the	O
tens	O
of	O
thousands	O
and	O
went	O
out	O
of	O
production	O
within	O
two	O
years	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Olivetti	O
sold	O
the	O
Thomson	B-Device
MO6	I-Device
and	O
Acorn	B-Device
BBC	I-Device
Master	I-Device
Compact	O
with	O
brand	O
names	O
Olivetti	B-Device
Prodest	I-Device
PC128	I-Device
and	O
PC128S	B-Device
respectively	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
1987	O
,	O
Olivetti	O
introduced	O
the	O
LSX	O
line	O
of	O
computers	O
which	O
was	O
based	O
on	O
the	O
Motorola	B-Device
68000	I-Device
series	I-Device
of	O
processors	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
They	O
could	O
run	O
either	O
Olivetti	O
's	O
proprietary	O
MOS	O
or	O
Olivetti	O
's	O
own	O
Unix	B-Application
variant	O
,	O
X/OS	B-Operating_System
.	O
</s>
<s>
Intended	O
to	O
replace	O
Olivetti	O
's	O
existing	O
Linea	O
Uno	O
(	O
L1	O
)	O
range	O
of	O
multiuser	B-Operating_System
systems	I-Operating_System
,	O
introduced	O
in	O
1981	O
,	O
the	O
reported	O
investment	O
in	O
the	O
LSX	O
line	O
by	O
Olivetti	O
was	O
seen	O
as	O
a	O
necessary	O
measure	O
to	O
update	O
its	O
range	O
,	O
bringing	O
increased	O
performance	O
,	O
offering	O
an	O
upgrade	O
path	O
to	O
existing	O
customers	O
(	O
with	O
a	O
promise	O
that	O
existing	O
L1	O
systems	O
could	O
be	O
upgraded	O
with	O
a	O
new	O
processor	O
card	O
)	O
,	O
and	O
preserving	O
a	O
degree	O
of	O
control	O
over	O
product	O
designs	O
that	O
would	O
not	O
have	O
been	O
possible	O
by	O
merely	O
selling	O
or	O
adapting	O
products	O
from	O
AT&T	O
,	O
at	O
that	O
time	O
a	O
significant	O
shareholder	O
in	O
the	O
company	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
They	O
also	O
released	O
the	O
PC1	O
Prodest	O
and	O
PC1	O
HD	O
(	O
XT	B-Device
clones	I-Device
,	O
similar	O
to	O
the	O
Schneider	B-Device
Euro	I-Device
PC	I-Device
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
1989	O
,	O
the	O
Olivetti	O
M290S	O
was	O
released	O
,	O
featuring	O
an	O
Intel	B-General_Concept
80286	I-General_Concept
at	O
12MHz	O
,	O
1	O
MB	O
of	O
RAM	O
and	O
a	O
30	O
MB	O
hard	B-Device
drive	I-Device
.	O
</s>
<s>
That	O
same	O
year	O
,	O
the	O
company	O
presented	O
their	O
80486-based	O
next	O
generation	O
of	O
workstations	B-Device
,	O
with	O
Olivetti	O
's	O
CP486	O
(	O
Computing	O
Platform	O
486	B-General_Concept
)	O
model	O
(	O
with	O
EISA	B-Device
bus	I-Device
)	O
being	O
shown	O
at	O
CeBit	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
CP486	O
provided	O
sockets	O
for	O
a	O
Weitek	O
WTL4167	O
numeric	B-General_Concept
co-processor	I-General_Concept
and	O
an	O
Intel	B-General_Concept
i860	I-General_Concept
RISC	B-Architecture
processor	I-Architecture
.	O
</s>
<s>
Eden	O
in	O
Auckland	O
and	O
Wellington	O
,	O
where	O
Olivetti	O
M300-100	O
16MHz	O
PCs	B-Device
with	O
80386SX	O
CPU	B-Device
were	O
sold	O
for	O
NZ$7395	O
and	O
used	O
as	O
graphical	O
work	O
station	O
for	O
design	O
houses	O
using	O
Corel	B-Application
Draw	I-Application
as	O
graphical	O
program	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
New	O
Zealand	O
distribution	O
stopped	O
in	O
1991	O
when	O
Olivetti	O
could	O
not	O
supply	O
their	O
PCs	B-Device
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
1991	O
,	O
Olivetti	O
introduced	O
the	O
D33	O
,	O
a	O
laptop	B-Device
in	O
a	O
carry	O
case	O
and	O
the	O
PCS	B-Device
286S	B-General_Concept
,	O
a	O
PC	O
with	O
VGA	B-Protocol
monitor	I-Protocol
and	O
keyboard	B-Device
.	O
</s>
<s>
Olivetti	O
also	O
sold	O
quasi-portable	O
8086/8088	O
-based	O
PCs	B-Device
with	O
an	O
integrated	O
keyboard	B-Device
and	O
one	O
or	O
two	O
integrated	O
3.5	B-Device
"	I-Device
floppy	I-Device
disk	I-Device
drives	O
,	O
running	O
DOS	B-Application
3.27	O
,	O
an	O
Olivetti	O
OEM	O
version	O
of	O
PC	B-Operating_System
DOS	I-Operating_System
3.20	O
with	O
minor	O
improvements	O
like	O
the	O
M21	O
portable	O
(	O
based	O
on	O
M24	B-Operating_System
)	O
and	O
the	O
M15	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Also	O
later	O
Olivetti	O
produced	O
interesting	O
laptops	B-Device
like	O
M111	O
,	O
M211	O
,	O
S20	O
,	O
D33	O
,	O
Philos	O
and	O
Echos	O
series	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
A	O
very	O
interesting	O
subnotebook	B-Device
was	O
the	O
Quaderno	B-Device
,	O
about	O
the	O
same	O
size	O
as	O
an	O
A5	O
paper	O
–	O
it	O
was	O
the	O
grandfather	O
of	O
the	O
netbooks	B-Device
introduced	O
20	O
years	O
later	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Although	O
Olivetti	O
had	O
committed	O
to	O
a	O
range	O
of	O
MIPS-based	B-Device
workstations	B-Device
running	O
Windows	B-Device
NT	I-Device
,	O
introducing	O
the	O
M700	O
series	O
in	O
1992	O
with	O
the	O
M700-10	O
featuring	O
a	O
MIPS	O
R4000PC	O
processor	O
,	O
the	O
company	O
pursued	O
a	O
partnership	O
with	O
Digital	O
Equipment	O
Corporation	O
in	O
1992	O
,	O
putting	O
its	O
MIPS-based	B-Device
offerings	O
in	O
doubt	O
as	O
the	O
company	O
announced	O
its	O
intention	O
to	O
eventually	O
focus	O
on	O
only	O
two	O
product	O
lines	O
:	O
one	O
featuring	O
Intel	O
processors	O
and	O
the	O
other	O
Alpha	B-Device
processors	I-Device
.	O
</s>
<s>
This	O
partnership	O
eventually	O
led	O
to	O
the	O
introduction	O
of	O
the	O
LSX	O
7000	O
range	O
of	O
workstations	B-Device
and	O
servers	O
employing	O
Digital	O
's	O
Alpha	B-Device
CPU	I-Device
in	O
1994	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
However	O
,	O
just	O
as	O
Olivetti	O
had	O
abandoned	O
its	O
development	O
of	O
products	O
based	O
on	O
the	O
MIPS	B-Device
architecture	I-Device
,	O
discontinuing	O
the	O
M700	O
produced	O
by	O
its	O
Japanese	O
subsidiary	O
,	O
by	O
1993	O
,	O
the	O
company	O
had	O
also	O
narrowed	O
its	O
development	O
focus	O
"	O
entirely	O
"	O
to	O
systems	O
based	O
on	O
Intel	O
's	O
Pentium	B-General_Concept
,	O
merely	O
reselling	O
"	O
semi-finished	O
"	O
Digital	O
products	O
based	O
on	O
Alpha	B-Device
.	O
</s>
<s>
Olivetti	O
did	O
attempt	O
to	O
recover	O
its	O
position	O
by	O
introducing	O
the	O
Envision	B-Device
in	O
1995	O
,	O
a	O
full	O
multimedia	B-Device
PC	I-Device
,	O
to	O
be	O
used	O
in	O
the	O
living	O
room	O
;	O
this	O
project	O
was	O
a	O
failure	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
company	O
continued	O
to	O
develop	O
personal	B-Device
computers	I-Device
until	O
it	O
sold	O
its	O
PC	O
business	O
in	O
1997	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Name	O
Photo	O
Year	O
Type	O
CPUCreated	O
byDesign	O
by	O
NotesElea	O
120px	O
1957	O
Mainframe	B-Architecture
Transistor	O
basedMario	O
Tchou	O
Ettore	O
Sottsass	O
Elea	B-Operating_System
series	I-Operating_System
(	O
1957	O
–	O
64	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Entirely	O
Transistor	O
based.The	O
Elea	B-Operating_System
9003	I-Operating_System
(	O
photo	O
)	O
is	O
the	O
first	O
commercial	O
model	O
P101	O
(	O
Programma	B-Device
101	I-Device
)	O
120px	O
1964	O
Personal	B-Device
computer	I-Device
Transistor	O
based	O
Pier	O
Giorgio	O
Perotto	O
Mario	O
Bellini	O
(	O
chassis	O
)	O
In	O
New	O
York	O
's	O
MoMA	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Golden	O
Compass	O
Award.P102	O
120px	O
1965	O
Personal	B-Device
computer	I-Device
Transistor	O
basedPier	O
Giorgio	O
Perotto	O
Mario	O
Bellini	O
Version	O
of	O
Programma	B-Device
101	I-Device
with	O
an	O
RS-232	O
serial	O
connector	O
and	O
ability	O
to	O
connect	O
printerP203	O
120px	O
1967	O
Personal	B-Device
computer	I-Device
Transistor	O
based	O
Pier	O
Giorgio	O
Perotto	O
Mario	O
Bellini	O
P101	O
with	O
Tekne	O
3	O
and	O
Editor	O
4	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
For	O
business	O
,	O
printer	O
includedP602	O
1971	O
Microcomputer	B-Architecture
Integrated	O
circuit	O
For	O
technical	O
or	O
scientific	O
usageP603	O
1972	O
Microcomputer	B-Architecture
Integrated	O
circuit	O
P602	O
with	O
Editor	O
4	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
For	O
business.P652	O
120px	O
1973	O
Microcomputer	B-Architecture
Mario	O
Bellini	O
For	O
technical	O
or	O
scientific	O
usageTC800	O
1974	O
Mainframe	B-Architecture
Banking	O
terminalTC1800	O
1977	O
Mainframe	B-Architecture
P6060120px	O
1975	O
Personal	B-Device
computer	I-Device
PUCE1/PUCE2TTLPier	O
Giorgio	O
Perotto	O
Ettore	O
Sottsass	O
and	O
G	O
.	O
Sowden	O
For	O
technical	O
or	O
scientific	O
usageP6040120px	O
1975	O
Personal	O
computerIntel	O
8080Pier	O
Giorgio	O
Perotto	O
Mario	O
Bellini	O
First	O
Olivetti	O
computer	O
to	O
use	O
a	O
microprocessor	B-Architecture
.	O
</s>
<s>
George	O
SowdenFirst	O
Olivetti	O
personal	B-Device
computer	I-Device
in	O
1982	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
King	O
First	O
laptop.Present	O
under	O
different	O
brand	O
names	O
:	O
Kiotronic	O
Kc-85	O
,	O
Tandy	O
Trs-80	O
,	O
NEC	O
PC-8201	O
and	O
Olivetti	B-Operating_System
M10	I-Operating_System
.	O
</s>
<s>
SMAU	O
Industrial	O
Design	O
prizeM30	O
1983	O
Minicomputer	B-Architecture
Zilog	B-Device
Z8001	I-Device
George	O
SowdenLinea	O
L1	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Operating	O
system	O
COSMOS	O
IV	O
(	O
MOS	O
)	O
M40120px	O
1983	O
Minicomputer	B-Architecture
Zilog	B-Device
Z8001	I-Device
George	O
SowdenLinea	O
L1	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Operating	O
system	O
COSMOS	O
IV	O
(	O
MOS	O
)	O
M44	O
1983	O
Minicomputer	B-Architecture
Zilog	B-Device
Z8001	I-Device
George	O
Sowden	O
Linea	O
L1M60	O
1984	O
Minicomputer	B-Architecture
Zilog	B-Device
Z8001	I-Device
George	O
SowdenLinea	O
L1	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Operating	O
system	O
COSMOS	O
IV	O
(	O
MOS	O
)	O
M24120px	O
1983	O
Personal	B-Device
computer	I-Device
desktop	O
Intel	B-General_Concept
8086	I-General_Concept
(	O
16	O
bit	O
)	O
at	O
8	O
Mhz	O
–	O
Optional	O
coprocessor	B-General_Concept
8087Luigi	O
Mercurio	O
,	O
Sandro	O
Graciotti	O
E	O
.	O
SottsassIBM	O
PC	O
compatible	O
;	O
</s>
<s>
Watch	O
a	O
walkthrough	O
of	O
this	O
Olivetti	O
computer	O
(	O
amongst	O
others	O
)	O
here	O
:	O
https://www.youtube.com/TiBosRetroComputersM70	O
1986	O
Minicomputer	B-Architecture
Zilog	B-Device
Z8001	I-Device
Linea	O
L1	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Operating	O
system	O
COSMOS	O
IV	O
(	O
MOS	O
)	O
Prodest	O
PC	O
128	O
1986	O
Home	O
Computer	O
Motorola	B-Device
6809e	I-Device
1	O
MHz	O
Rebranded	O
Thomson	B-Device
MO6	I-Device
,	O
first	O
on	O
the	O
Olivetti	O
Prodest	O
series.M15	O
120px	O
1987	O
Laptop	B-Device
Intel	B-Device
80C88	I-Device
4	O
,	O
77MHz	O
Removable	O
keyboard	B-Device
.	O
</s>
<s>
12	O
MHz	O
(	O
16	O
bit	O
)	O
Parallel	O
project	O
to	O
the	O
ETV	O
4000s	O
typewriterM290S	O
1989	O
P500	O
1989	O
M386-25	O
1990	O
PCS	B-Device
386SX	O
1991	O
PCS	B-Device
86	O
1990	O
Personal	B-Device
computer	I-Device
NEC	B-Device
V30	I-Device
10	O
MHz	O
PCS	B-Device
286	B-General_Concept
1991	O
Personal	B-Device
computer	I-Device
Intel	B-General_Concept
80286	I-General_Concept
12	O
,	O
5	O
MHz	O
M211	O
1989	O
Laptop	B-Device
Intel	B-General_Concept
80286	I-General_Concept
Operating	O
system	O
Windows	O
3.0M250	O
1989	O
Personal	B-Device
computer	I-Device
Intel	B-General_Concept
80286	I-General_Concept
8	O
MHz	O
The	O
250-E	O
model	O
was	O
clocked	O
at	O
12	O
MHzCP486	O
1989	O
Personal	B-Device
computer	I-Device
Intel	B-General_Concept
80486DX	I-General_Concept
25	O
MHz	O
Tower	O
,	O
EISA	B-Device
,	O
"	O
Computing	O
Platform	O
"	O
P800	O
1990	O
Personal	B-Device
computer	I-Device
Intel	B-General_Concept
80486DX	I-General_Concept
25	O
MHz	O
Tower	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
1993	O
,	O
IF	O
Auszeichnung	O
fur	O
gutes	O
DesignPhilos120px	O
1992	O
Laptop	B-Device
photoEchos	O
120px	O
1995	O
Laptop	B-Device
Intel	B-General_Concept
Pentium	I-General_Concept
I	I-General_Concept
75MHz	O
Socket	O
5	O
P75	O
and	O
P100dEnvision	O
120px	O
1995	O
Multimedia	O
Intel	B-General_Concept
Pentium	I-General_Concept
I	I-General_Concept
75MHz	O
Socket	O
5	O
Michele	O
De	O
Lucchi	O
Model	O
P75	O
.	O
</s>
