<s>
nroff	B-Device
(	O
short	O
for	O
"	O
new	O
roff	O
"	O
)	O
is	O
a	O
text-formatting	O
program	B-Application
on	O
Unix	B-Application
and	O
Unix-like	B-Operating_System
operating	I-Operating_System
systems	I-Operating_System
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
produces	O
output	O
suitable	O
for	O
simple	O
fixed-width	O
printers	O
and	O
terminal	B-General_Concept
windows	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
is	O
an	O
integral	O
part	O
of	O
the	O
Unix	B-Application
help	O
system	O
,	O
being	O
used	O
to	O
format	O
man	B-Protocol
pages	I-Protocol
for	O
display	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
nroff	B-Device
and	O
the	O
related	O
troff	B-Language
were	O
both	O
developed	O
from	O
the	O
original	O
roff	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
While	O
nroff	B-Device
was	O
intended	O
to	O
produce	O
output	O
on	O
terminals	O
and	O
line	O
printers	O
,	O
troff	B-Language
was	O
intended	O
to	O
produce	O
output	O
on	O
typesetting	O
systems	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Both	O
used	O
the	O
same	O
underlying	O
markup	O
and	O
a	O
single	O
source	O
file	O
could	O
normally	O
be	O
used	O
by	O
nroff	B-Device
or	O
troff	B-Language
without	O
change	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
nroff	B-Device
was	O
written	O
by	O
Joe	O
Ossanna	O
for	O
Version	B-Operating_System
2	I-Operating_System
Unix	I-Operating_System
,	O
in	O
Assembly	B-Language
language	I-Language
and	O
then	O
ported	O
to	O
C	B-Language
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
was	O
a	O
descendant	O
of	O
the	O
RUNOFF	B-Protocol
program	B-Application
from	O
CTSS	B-Operating_System
,	O
the	O
first	O
computerized	O
text-formatting	O
program	B-Application
,	O
and	O
is	O
a	O
predecessor	O
of	O
the	O
Unix	B-Application
troff	B-Language
document	O
processing	O
system	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
There	O
is	O
also	O
a	O
free	B-Application
software	I-Application
version	O
of	O
nroff	B-Device
in	O
the	O
groff	B-Application
package	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
Minix	B-Operating_System
operating	B-General_Concept
system	I-General_Concept
,	O
among	O
others	O
,	O
uses	O
a	O
clone	O
of	O
nroff	B-Device
called	O
cawf	O
by	O
Vic	O
Abell	O
,	O
based	O
on	O
awf	O
,	O
the	O
Amazingly	O
Workable	O
Formatter	O
designed	O
in	O
awk	B-Application
by	O
Henry	O
Spencer	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
These	O
are	O
not	O
full	O
replacements	O
for	O
the	O
nroff/troff	O
suite	O
of	O
tools	O
,	O
but	O
are	O
sufficient	O
for	O
display	O
and	O
printing	O
of	O
basic	O
documents	O
and	O
manual	B-Protocol
pages	I-Protocol
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
addition	O
,	O
a	O
simplified	O
version	O
of	O
nroff	B-Device
is	O
available	O
in	O
Ratfor	B-Language
source	O
code	O
form	O
as	O
an	O
example	O
in	O
the	O
book	O
Software	O
Tools	O
by	O
Brian	O
Kernighan	O
and	O
P	O
.	O
J	O
.	O
Plauger	O
.	O
</s>
