<s>
Nominal	B-Algorithm
level	I-Algorithm
is	O
the	O
operating	O
level	O
at	O
which	O
an	O
electronic	O
signal	O
processing	O
device	O
is	O
designed	O
to	O
operate	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
nominal	B-Algorithm
level	I-Algorithm
is	O
the	O
level	O
that	O
these	O
devices	O
were	O
designed	O
to	O
operate	O
at	O
,	O
for	O
best	O
dynamic	O
range	O
and	O
adequate	O
headroom	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
When	O
a	O
signal	O
is	O
chained	O
with	O
improper	O
gain	O
staging	O
through	O
many	O
devices	O
,	O
clipping	B-Algorithm
may	O
occur	O
or	O
the	O
system	O
may	O
operate	O
with	O
reduced	O
dynamic	O
range	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
audio	O
,	O
a	O
related	O
measurement	O
,	O
signal-to-noise	O
ratio	O
,	O
is	O
usually	O
defined	O
as	O
the	O
difference	O
between	O
the	O
nominal	B-Algorithm
level	I-Algorithm
and	O
the	O
noise	O
floor	O
,	O
leaving	O
the	O
headroom	O
as	O
the	O
difference	O
between	O
nominal	O
and	O
maximum	O
output	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
headroom	O
measurement	O
defines	O
how	O
far	O
the	O
peak	O
levels	O
can	O
stray	O
from	O
the	O
nominal	O
measured	O
level	O
before	O
clipping	B-Algorithm
.	O
</s>
<s>
VU	O
meters	O
are	O
designed	O
to	O
represent	O
the	O
perceived	O
loudness	B-Algorithm
of	O
a	O
passage	O
of	O
music	O
,	O
or	O
other	O
audio	O
content	O
,	O
measuring	O
in	O
volume	O
units	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
most	O
professional	O
recording	O
and	O
sound	O
reinforcement	O
equipment	O
,	O
the	O
nominal	B-Algorithm
level	I-Algorithm
is	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
semi-professional	O
and	O
domestic	O
equipment	O
,	O
the	O
nominal	B-Algorithm
level	I-Algorithm
is	O
usually	O
−10	O
dBV	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
broadcasting	B-Operating_System
equipment	O
,	O
this	O
is	O
termed	O
the	O
Maximum	O
Permitted	O
Level	O
,	O
which	O
is	O
defined	O
by	O
European	O
Broadcasting	B-Operating_System
Union	O
standards	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
"	O
Mic	B-Application
level	O
"	O
is	O
sometimes	O
defined	O
as	O
−60	O
dBV	O
,	O
though	O
levels	O
from	O
microphones	B-Application
vary	O
widely	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
video	O
systems	O
,	O
nominal	B-Algorithm
levels	I-Algorithm
are	O
1	O
VP-P	O
for	O
synched	O
systems	O
,	O
such	O
as	O
baseband	O
composite	O
video	O
,	O
and	O
0.7	O
VP-P	O
for	O
systems	O
without	O
sync	O
.	O
</s>
