<s>
The	O
Nintendo	B-Device
64	I-Device
controller	I-Device
(	O
model	O
number	O
:	O
NUS-005	B-Device
)	O
is	O
the	O
standard	O
game	B-Device
controller	I-Device
for	O
the	O
Nintendo	B-Operating_System
64	I-Operating_System
home	B-Device
video	I-Device
game	I-Device
console	I-Device
.	O
</s>
<s>
Manufactured	O
and	O
released	O
by	O
Nintendo	O
on	O
June	O
23	O
,	O
1996	O
,	O
in	O
Japan	O
,	O
in	O
late	O
1996	O
in	O
North	O
America	O
,	O
and	O
1997	O
in	O
Europe	O
,	O
it	O
is	O
the	O
successor	O
to	O
the	O
Super	B-Application
Nintendo	I-Application
controller	O
and	O
is	O
designed	O
in	O
an	O
"	O
M	O
"	O
shape	O
and	O
features	O
10	O
buttons	O
,	O
one	O
analog	O
"	O
Control	O
Stick	O
"	O
and	O
a	O
directional	B-Device
pad	I-Device
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
controller	O
was	O
designed	O
by	O
Nintendo	O
R&D3	O
,	O
under	O
direction	O
to	O
try	O
new	O
ideas	O
that	O
would	O
break	O
from	O
typical	O
game	B-Device
controllers	I-Device
.	O
</s>
<s>
With	O
original	O
visual	O
designs	O
having	O
been	O
mocked	O
up	O
in	O
clay	O
form	O
,	O
and	O
extensive	O
test	O
group	O
studies	O
being	O
performed	O
before	O
and	O
during	O
the	O
design	O
phase	O
,	O
the	O
Nintendo	B-Operating_System
64	I-Operating_System
's	O
controller	O
design	O
was	O
eventually	O
solidified	O
in	O
tandem	O
with	O
that	O
of	O
Miyamoto	O
's	O
gameplay	O
mechanics	O
in	O
Super	B-Application
Mario	I-Application
64	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
That	O
's	O
why	O
the	O
A	O
and	O
B	B-Device
Buttons	I-Device
are	O
placed	O
for	O
easiest	O
access	O
on	O
the	O
new	O
controller	O
and	O
why	O
they	O
are	O
larger	O
than	O
the	O
other	O
buttons	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
First	O
,	O
it	O
can	O
be	O
held	O
by	O
the	O
two	O
outer	O
grips	O
,	O
allowing	O
use	O
of	O
the	O
D-pad	B-Device
,	O
right-hand	O
face	O
buttons	O
and	O
the	O
"	O
L	O
"	O
and	O
"	O
R	O
"	O
shoulder	O
buttons	O
(	O
but	O
not	O
the	O
Z	O
trigger	O
or	O
analog	B-Device
stick	I-Device
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
This	O
style	O
was	O
intended	O
to	O
optimize	O
play	O
in	O
2D	O
games	O
by	O
emulating	O
the	O
setup	O
on	O
the	O
Super	B-Application
NES	I-Application
controller	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
can	O
be	O
also	O
held	O
by	O
the	O
center	O
and	O
right-hand	O
grip	O
,	O
allowing	O
the	O
use	O
of	O
the	O
single	O
control	O
stick	O
,	O
the	O
right	O
hand-buttons	O
,	O
the	O
"	O
R	O
"	O
shoulder	O
button	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
Z	O
trigger	O
on	O
the	O
rear	O
(	O
but	O
not	O
the	O
"	O
L	O
"	O
shoulder	O
button	O
or	O
D-pad	B-Device
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Finally	O
,	O
the	O
controller	O
can	O
be	O
held	O
by	O
the	O
center	O
and	O
left-hand	O
grip	O
,	O
allowing	O
for	O
a	O
combination	O
of	O
the	O
D-pad	B-Device
,	O
L	O
shoulder	O
,	O
analog	B-Device
stick	I-Device
,	O
and	O
Z	O
trigger	O
,	O
as	O
was	O
implemented	O
in	O
GoldenEye	B-Application
007	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
Additionally	O
,	O
though	O
the	O
controller	O
was	O
not	O
designed	O
with	O
this	O
setup	O
in	O
mind	O
,	O
one	O
controller	O
can	O
be	O
held	O
in	O
each	O
hand	O
with	O
a	O
thumb	O
on	O
each	O
analog	B-Device
stick	I-Device
and	O
index	O
fingers	O
on	O
the	O
Z	O
trigger	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
This	O
setup	O
allows	O
dual-analog	O
control	O
on	O
some	O
first-person	O
shooters	O
such	O
as	O
Perfect	B-Application
Dark	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
some	O
games	O
such	O
as	O
Mortal	B-Application
Kombat	I-Application
Trilogy	I-Application
,	O
the	O
control	O
stick	O
and	O
directional	B-Device
pad	I-Device
are	O
interchangeable	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Very	O
few	O
games	O
use	O
the	O
directional	B-Device
pad	I-Device
exclusively	O
,	O
such	O
as	O
Tetrisphere	B-Application
and	O
Kirby	B-Application
64	I-Application
:	I-Application
The	I-Application
Crystal	I-Application
Shards	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
This	O
design	O
is	O
controversial	O
,	O
as	O
by	O
its	O
nature	O
it	O
generally	O
prevents	O
the	O
use	O
of	O
all	O
of	O
its	O
features	O
with	O
the	O
player	O
's	O
hands	O
in	O
any	O
one	O
position	O
;	O
the	O
D-pad	B-Device
,	O
L-shoulder	O
,	O
analog	B-Device
stick	I-Device
and	O
Z-trigger	O
cannot	O
,	O
generally	O
,	O
all	O
be	O
used	O
at	O
the	O
same	O
time	O
as	O
it	O
typically	O
requires	O
the	O
player	O
to	O
switch	O
hand	O
positions	O
,	O
taking	O
the	O
hands	O
off	O
of	O
the	O
key	O
directional	O
controls	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Some	O
,	O
though	O
,	O
realized	O
they	O
can	O
hold	O
the	O
controller	O
with	O
the	O
outer	O
grips	O
and	O
use	O
their	O
index	O
fingers	O
for	O
the	O
R	O
and	O
L	O
triggers	O
,	O
middle	O
fingers	O
for	O
the	O
Z-trigger	O
,	O
right	O
thumb	O
for	O
the	O
right-hand	O
buttons	O
,	O
and	O
left	O
thumb	O
for	O
the	O
D-pad	B-Device
and	O
(	O
stretching	O
)	O
analog	B-Device
stick	I-Device
,	O
without	O
changing	O
hand	O
positions	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
When	O
Sony	O
released	O
its	O
Dual	B-Device
Analog	I-Device
and	O
DualShock	B-Device
controllers	O
for	O
the	O
competing	O
PlayStation	B-Device
,	O
it	O
retained	O
the	O
original	O
controllers	O
 '	O
two-handled	O
ergonomics	O
,	O
placing	O
the	O
analog	B-Device
sticks	I-Device
below	O
and	O
inside	O
the	O
primary	O
D-pad	B-Device
and	O
face	O
buttons	O
,	O
allowing	O
the	O
player	O
to	O
quickly	O
switch	O
from	O
the	O
D-pad	B-Device
and	O
face	O
buttons	O
to	O
the	O
analog	B-Device
sticks	I-Device
without	O
letting	O
go	O
of	O
the	O
controller	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Several	O
third-party	O
manufacturers	O
would	O
produce	O
aftermarket	O
Nintendo	B-Device
64	I-Device
controllers	I-Device
with	O
similar	O
layouts	O
to	O
the	O
Dual	O
Analog/DualShock	O
,	O
such	O
as	O
the	O
MakoPad	O
and	O
Hori	O
Mini	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Nintendo	O
would	O
largely	O
follow	O
suit	O
with	O
the	O
stock	O
controller	O
for	O
its	O
GameCube	B-Application
console	O
,	O
but	O
swapped	O
the	O
positions	O
of	O
the	O
analog	B-Device
stick	I-Device
and	O
D-pad	B-Device
.	O
</s>
<s>
Such	O
a	O
layout	O
would	O
become	O
dominant	O
in	O
gamepad	B-Device
design	O
,	O
as	O
by	O
that	O
time	O
the	O
left	O
analog	B-Device
stick	I-Device
had	O
become	O
universally	O
accepted	O
as	O
the	O
primary	O
movement	O
control	O
on	O
3D	O
games	O
across	O
all	O
consoles	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
An	O
example	O
of	O
this	O
is	O
The	B-Application
Legend	I-Application
of	I-Application
Zelda	I-Application
:	I-Application
Ocarina	I-Application
of	I-Application
Time	I-Application
,	O
where	O
three	O
of	O
the	O
C-buttons	O
can	O
be	O
assigned	O
to	O
secondary	O
items	O
and	O
the	O
upper	O
C-button	O
is	O
used	O
to	O
call	O
Navi	O
for	O
assistance	O
,	O
while	O
the	O
Z-trigger	O
is	O
used	O
to	O
lock	O
focus	O
onto	O
enemies	O
and	O
center	O
the	O
camera	O
behind	O
the	O
player	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
One	O
game	O
,	O
Robotron	B-Device
64	I-Device
,	O
allows	O
one	O
player	O
to	O
use	O
two	O
controllers	O
to	O
control	O
an	O
avatar	B-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
This	O
way	O
,	O
the	O
game	O
plays	O
like	O
its	O
predecessor	O
,	O
Robotron	B-Application
2084	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
Star	B-Device
Wars	I-Device
Episode	I-Device
I	I-Device
:	I-Device
Racer	I-Device
,	O
GoldenEye	B-Application
007	I-Application
and	O
Perfect	B-Application
Dark	I-Application
also	O
use	O
this	O
set	O
up	O
for	O
slightly	O
different	O
gameplay	O
experiences	O
(	O
in	O
terms	O
of	O
control	O
,	O
at	O
least	O
)	O
compared	O
to	O
the	O
standard	O
single	O
controller	O
option	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Some	O
of	O
these	O
others	O
include	O
smoke	O
black	O
,	O
watermelon	O
red	O
,	O
jungle	O
green	O
,	O
fire	O
orange	O
,	O
ice	O
blue	O
,	O
grape	O
purple	O
,	O
and	O
special	O
edition	O
colors	O
like	O
gold	O
,	O
atomic	O
purple	O
,	O
extreme	O
green	O
,	O
"	O
Donkey	B-Application
Kong	I-Application
64	I-Application
"	O
banana	O
bunch	O
yellow	O
,	O
"	O
Pokémon	B-Application
"	O
blue	O
and	O
yellow	O
,	O
and	O
"	O
Millennium	O
2000	O
"	O
platinum	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Players	O
would	O
often	O
take	O
apart	O
Nintendo	B-Device
64	I-Device
controllers	I-Device
to	O
mix-and-match	O
the	O
tops	O
and	O
bottoms	O
of	O
the	O
shell	O
,	O
creating	O
bi-color	O
controllers	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
When	O
the	O
Nintendo	B-Operating_System
64	I-Operating_System
is	O
switched	O
on	O
,	O
the	O
joystick	O
on	O
each	O
controller	O
is	O
automatically	O
calibrated	O
by	O
recording	O
the	O
current	O
position	O
as	O
the	O
center	O
position	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
That	O
works	O
assuming	O
the	O
hands	O
are	O
off	O
the	O
joystick	O
when	O
the	O
Nintendo	B-Operating_System
64	I-Operating_System
is	O
powered	O
on	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
joystick	O
can	O
also	O
be	O
recalibrated	O
while	O
the	O
Nintendo	B-Operating_System
64	I-Operating_System
is	O
on	O
,	O
by	O
pressing	O
L+R+START	O
to	O
indicate	O
that	O
the	O
current	O
position	O
of	O
the	O
joystick	O
is	O
the	O
center	O
position	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
Nintendo	B-Device
64	I-Device
controller	I-Device
was	O
one	O
of	O
the	O
first	O
game	B-Device
controllers	I-Device
to	O
incorporate	O
analog	B-Device
stick	I-Device
technology	O
as	O
a	O
main	O
feature	O
,	O
intended	O
to	O
provide	O
the	O
user	O
with	O
a	O
wider	O
range	O
of	O
functions	O
such	O
as	O
mobility	O
and	O
camera	O
control	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
stick	O
is	O
designed	O
to	O
detect	O
360	O
independent	O
directions	O
,	O
compared	O
to	O
the	O
8	O
independent	O
directions	O
detected	O
by	O
a	O
D-pad	B-Device
,	O
allowing	O
the	O
potential	O
for	O
Nintendo	B-Operating_System
64	I-Operating_System
games	O
to	O
more	O
accurately	O
emulate	O
360°	O
of	O
motion	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Analog	O
joysticks	O
prior	O
to	O
the	O
Nintendo	B-Operating_System
64	I-Operating_System
include	O
those	O
used	O
by	O
the	O
Atari	B-General_Concept
5200	I-General_Concept
,	O
Sega	O
's	O
arcade	B-Application
systems	I-Application
,	O
Sega	O
's	O
analog	O
Mission	O
Stick	O
for	O
the	O
Saturn	B-Device
(	O
1995	O
)	O
,	O
and	O
Sony	O
's	O
PlayStation	B-Device
Analog	I-Device
Joystick	I-Device
(	O
1996	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
Nintendo	B-Device
64	I-Device
controller	I-Device
distinguished	O
itself	O
from	O
these	O
precursors	O
by	O
using	O
an	O
analog	O
thumbstick	B-Device
,	O
which	O
was	O
predated	O
only	O
by	O
the	O
Mega	B-Operating_System
Drive	I-Operating_System
's	O
XE-1	O
AP	O
,	O
designed	O
by	O
third-party	O
manufacturer	O
Dempa	O
in	O
1989	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
Nintendo	B-Device
64	I-Device
controller	I-Device
was	O
released	O
contemporaneously	O
with	O
Sega	O
's	O
3D	O
Pad	O
for	O
their	O
Saturn	B-Device
system	O
,	O
and	O
was	O
followed	O
during	O
the	O
fifth	B-Application
generation	I-Application
of	I-Application
video	I-Application
game	I-Application
consoles	I-Application
by	O
Sony	O
's	O
Dual	B-Device
Analog	I-Device
and	O
DualShock	B-Device
controllers	O
for	O
the	O
PlayStation	B-Device
console	I-Device
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
analog	B-Device
stick	I-Device
uses	O
a	O
pair	O
of	O
optical	O
encoding	O
disks	O
to	O
determine	O
its	O
position	O
,	O
similar	O
to	O
how	O
ball	O
mice	O
work	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Since	O
optical	O
encoding	O
disks	O
only	O
give	O
the	O
system	O
relative	O
changes	O
in	O
the	O
position	O
of	O
the	O
analog	B-Device
stick	I-Device
,	O
the	O
system	O
assumes	O
that	O
the	O
stick	O
is	O
centered	O
during	O
power-on	O
and	O
tracks	O
relative	O
movements	O
from	O
there	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
Controller	O
Pak	O
is	O
Nintendo	O
's	O
external	O
memory	B-Device
card	I-Device
,	O
similar	O
to	O
those	O
used	O
on	O
the	O
PlayStation	B-Device
and	O
other	O
CD-ROM	O
consoles	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Though	O
the	O
Nintendo	B-Operating_System
64	I-Operating_System
's	O
cartridges	O
can	O
store	O
battery-backed	O
memory	O
much	O
like	O
its	O
predecessors	O
,	O
in	O
supported	O
games	O
the	O
Controller	O
Pak	O
allows	O
save	O
game	O
data	O
to	O
be	O
stored	O
separately	O
from	O
the	O
cartridge	O
;	O
for	O
instance	O
allowing	O
save	O
data	O
to	O
be	O
used	O
with	O
a	O
different	O
copy	O
of	O
the	O
game	O
,	O
or	O
to	O
store	O
data	O
that	O
will	O
not	O
fit	O
on	O
a	O
cartridge	O
's	O
battery-backed	O
memory	O
(	O
such	O
as	O
Mario	B-Application
Kart	I-Application
64s	I-Application
ghost	O
data	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Whereas	O
other	O
console	O
developers	O
opted	O
to	O
plug	O
the	O
memory	B-Device
card	I-Device
directly	O
into	O
a	O
console	O
,	O
Nintendo	O
opted	O
to	O
have	O
the	O
card	O
be	O
plugged	O
into	O
the	O
controller	O
and	O
thus	O
transported	O
as	O
one	O
unit	O
,	O
envisioning	O
scenarios	O
in	O
which	O
players	O
would	O
want	O
to	O
bring	O
their	O
own	O
controller	O
and	O
memory	B-Device
card	I-Device
to	O
play	O
with	O
other	O
Nintendo	B-Operating_System
64	I-Operating_System
owners	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
original	O
Rumble	B-Device
Pak	I-Device
,	O
designed	O
for	O
the	O
Nintendo	B-Device
64	I-Device
controller	I-Device
,	O
was	O
released	O
in	O
April	O
1997	O
to	O
coincide	O
with	O
the	O
release	O
of	O
Star	B-Application
Fox	I-Application
64	I-Application
and	O
requires	O
two	O
AAA	B-Algorithm
batteries	I-Algorithm
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
provides	O
haptic	B-Device
feedback	I-Device
during	O
gameplay	O
,	O
intending	O
to	O
make	O
the	O
gaming	O
experience	O
more	O
engaging	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
is	O
a	O
slightly	O
modified	O
Nintendo	B-Device
64	I-Device
controller	I-Device
featuring	O
an	O
improved	O
GameCube-style	O
analog	O
control	O
stick	O
,	O
and	O
LodgeNet	O
TV	O
control	O
buttons	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
attaches	O
to	O
the	O
hotel	O
television	O
and	O
is	O
not	O
compatible	O
with	O
a	O
standard	O
Nintendo	B-Operating_System
64	I-Operating_System
console	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
functions	O
as	O
a	O
secondary	O
remote	O
control	O
for	O
the	O
television	O
,	O
with	O
up	O
and	O
down	O
on	O
the	O
D-pad	B-Device
able	O
to	O
change	O
channels	O
,	O
and	O
as	O
a	O
controller	O
for	O
available	O
Nintendo	B-Operating_System
64	I-Operating_System
games	O
on	O
the	O
LodgeNet	O
service	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Customers	O
could	O
choose	O
from	O
a	O
large	O
library	O
of	O
Nintendo	B-Operating_System
64	I-Operating_System
games	O
,	O
including	O
most	O
first-party	O
Nintendo	B-Operating_System
64	I-Operating_System
games	O
,	O
and	O
play	O
at	O
a	O
rate	O
of	O
$6.95	O
for	O
every	O
60	O
minutes	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Nintendo	O
's	O
own	O
magazine	O
,	O
Nintendo	B-Application
Power	I-Application
,	O
reviewed	O
the	O
controller	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
magazine	O
said	O
that	O
it	O
is	O
"	O
a	O
little	O
wider	O
than	O
the	O
Super	B-Application
NES	I-Application
controller	O
,	O
but	O
it	O
felt	O
very	O
comfortable	O
and	O
the	O
control	O
elements	O
were	O
exceptionally	O
well-placed	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
GamePros	O
overview	O
stated	O
,	O
"	O
The	O
N64	B-Operating_System
's	O
tri-handled	O
controller	O
may	O
look	O
weird	O
,	O
but	O
it	O
feels	O
great.	O
"	O
</s>
<s>
Stocks	O
of	O
extra	O
Nintendo	B-Device
64	I-Device
controllers	I-Device
were	O
sold	O
out	O
on	O
the	O
Japanese	O
launch	O
of	O
the	O
Nintendo	B-Operating_System
64	I-Operating_System
,	O
despite	O
the	O
fact	O
that	O
all	O
three	O
launch	O
games	O
are	O
single-player	O
only	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Intense	O
rotating	O
of	O
the	O
analog	B-Device
stick	I-Device
reportedly	O
resulted	O
in	O
friction	O
injuries	O
to	O
the	O
hands	O
of	O
some	O
players	O
of	O
1998	O
's	O
Mario	B-Application
Party	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
Tim	O
Weaver	O
,	O
editor	O
of	O
the	O
UK	O
's	O
N64	B-Operating_System
Magazine	O
,	O
said	O
his	O
staff	O
experienced	O
no	O
problems	O
with	O
the	O
controller	O
,	O
adding	O
that	O
the	O
entire	O
investigation	O
was	O
"	O
ludicrous	O
"	O
and	O
"	O
could	O
only	O
happen	O
in	O
America	O
"	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Nintendo	O
released	O
a	O
version	O
of	O
the	O
Nintendo	B-Device
64	I-Device
controller	I-Device
compatible	O
with	O
its	O
Nintendo	B-Application
Switch	I-Application
console	O
in	O
October	O
2021	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
controller	O
was	O
released	O
in	O
conjunction	O
with	O
an	O
additional	O
tier	O
of	O
the	O
company	O
's	O
Nintendo	B-Application
Switch	I-Application
Online	I-Application
service	O
,	O
called	O
the	O
"	O
Expansion	O
Pack	O
,	O
"	O
which	O
gives	O
customers	O
access	O
to	O
a	O
catalog	O
of	O
Nintendo	B-Operating_System
64	I-Operating_System
games	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
new	O
version	O
makes	O
a	O
series	O
of	O
changes	O
to	O
the	O
design	O
including	O
the	O
addition	O
of	O
wireless	O
functionality	O
and	O
the	O
incorporation	O
of	O
a	O
rumble	O
feature	O
without	O
the	O
need	O
for	O
an	O
additional	O
accessory	O
like	O
the	O
Rumble	B-Device
Pak	I-Device
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
Switch	O
version	O
also	O
adds	O
additional	O
buttons	O
to	O
allow	O
players	O
access	O
to	O
the	O
home	O
and	O
capture	O
buttons	O
that	O
correspond	O
with	O
Switch	O
functionality	O
that	O
was	O
not	O
available	O
on	O
Nintendo	B-Operating_System
64	I-Operating_System
.	O
</s>
