<s>
Nginx	B-Operating_System
(	O
pronounced	O
"	O
engine	B-Operating_System
x	I-Operating_System
"	O
,	O
stylized	O
as	O
NGINX	B-Operating_System
)	O
is	O
a	O
web	B-Application
server	I-Application
that	O
can	O
also	O
be	O
used	O
as	O
a	O
reverse	B-General_Concept
proxy	I-General_Concept
,	O
load	B-Application
balancer	I-Application
,	O
mail	O
proxy	B-Application
and	O
HTTP	B-Protocol
cache	I-Protocol
.	O
</s>
<s>
Nginx	B-Operating_System
is	O
free	B-License
and	I-License
open-source	I-License
software	I-License
,	O
released	O
under	O
the	O
terms	O
of	O
the	O
2-clause	O
BSD	B-Operating_System
license	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
A	O
large	O
fraction	O
of	O
web	B-Application
servers	I-Application
use	O
Nginx	B-Operating_System
,	O
often	O
as	O
a	O
load	B-Application
balancer	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
A	O
company	O
of	O
the	O
same	O
name	O
was	O
founded	O
in	O
2011	O
to	O
provide	O
support	O
and	O
NGINX	B-Operating_System
Plus	I-Operating_System
paid	O
software	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
W3Tech	O
's	O
web	B-Application
server	I-Application
count	O
of	O
all	O
web	O
sites	O
ranked	O
Nginx	B-Operating_System
first	O
with	O
33.6	O
%	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Apache	B-Application
was	O
second	O
at	O
31.4	O
%	O
and	O
Cloudflare	O
Server	O
third	O
at	O
21.6	O
%	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
,	O
Netcraft	O
estimated	O
that	O
Nginx	B-Operating_System
served	O
22.01	O
%	O
of	O
the	O
million	O
busiest	O
websites	O
with	O
Apache	B-Application
a	O
little	O
ahead	O
at	O
23.04	O
%	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Cloudflare	O
at	O
19.53	O
%	O
and	O
Microsoft	B-Application
Internet	I-Application
Information	I-Application
Services	I-Application
at	O
5.78	O
%	O
rounded	O
out	O
the	O
top	O
four	O
servers	O
for	O
the	O
busiest	O
websites	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Some	O
of	O
Netcraft	O
's	O
other	O
statistics	O
show	O
Nginx	B-Operating_System
ahead	O
of	O
Apache	B-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
A	O
2018	O
survey	O
of	O
Docker	B-Language
usage	O
found	O
that	O
Nginx	B-Operating_System
was	O
the	O
most	O
commonly	O
deployed	O
technology	O
in	O
Docker	B-Language
containers	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
OpenBSD	B-Operating_System
version	O
5.2	O
(	O
November	O
2012	O
)	O
,	O
Nginx	B-Operating_System
became	O
part	O
of	O
the	O
OpenBSD	B-Operating_System
base	O
system	O
,	O
providing	O
an	O
alternative	O
to	O
the	O
system	O
's	O
fork	O
of	O
Apache	B-Application
1.3	I-Application
,	O
which	O
it	O
was	O
intended	O
to	O
replace	O
,	O
but	O
later	O
in	O
version	O
5.6	O
(	O
November	O
2014	O
)	O
it	O
was	O
removed	O
in	O
favor	O
of	O
OpenBSD	B-Operating_System
's	O
own	O
httpd(8 )	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Nginx	B-Operating_System
is	O
easy	O
to	O
configure	O
in	O
order	O
to	O
serve	O
static	O
web	O
content	O
or	O
to	O
act	O
as	O
a	O
proxy	B-Application
server	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
Nginx	B-Operating_System
can	O
be	O
deployed	O
to	O
also	O
serve	O
dynamic	O
content	O
on	O
the	O
network	O
using	O
FastCGI	O
,	O
SCGI	B-Protocol
handlers	O
for	O
scripts	B-Language
,	O
WSGI	B-Language
application	O
servers	O
or	O
Phusion	B-Language
Passenger	I-Language
modules	O
,	O
and	O
it	O
can	O
serve	O
as	O
a	O
software	O
load	B-Application
balancer	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
Nginx	B-Operating_System
uses	O
an	O
asynchronous	B-Application
event-driven	O
approach	O
,	O
rather	O
than	O
threads	O
,	O
to	O
handle	O
requests	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Nginx	B-Operating_System
's	O
modular	O
event-driven	B-Application
architecture	I-Application
can	O
provide	O
predictable	O
performance	O
under	O
high	O
loads	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
gRPC	B-Application
support	O
since	O
March	O
2018	O
,	O
version	O
1.13.10	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
WebSockets	B-Protocol
since	O
1.3.13	O
,	O
including	O
acting	O
as	O
a	O
reverse	B-General_Concept
proxy	I-General_Concept
and	O
do	O
load	B-Application
balancing	I-Application
of	O
WebSocket	B-Protocol
applications	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
paid	O
Plus	O
product	O
includes	O
additional	O
features	O
such	O
as	O
advanced	O
load	B-Application
balancing	I-Application
and	O
access	O
to	O
an	O
expanded	O
suite	O
of	O
metrics	O
for	O
performance	O
monitoring	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
There	O
are	O
two	O
versions	O
of	O
Nginx	B-Operating_System
:	O
Nginx	B-Operating_System
Open	O
Source	O
and	O
Nginx	B-Operating_System
Plus	I-Operating_System
.	O
</s>
<s>
Nginx	B-Operating_System
Open	O
Source	O
is	O
free	B-License
and	I-License
open-source	I-License
software	I-License
.	O
</s>
<s>
Nginx	B-Operating_System
Plus	I-Operating_System
is	O
sold	O
as	O
a	O
subscription	O
model	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
offers	O
features	O
in	O
addition	O
to	O
Nginx	B-Operating_System
Open	O
Source	O
,	O
such	O
as	O
active	O
health	O
checks	O
,	O
session	O
persistence	O
based	O
on	O
cookies	O
,	O
DNS-service-discovery	O
integration	O
,	O
Cache	O
Purging	O
API	O
,	O
AppDynamic	O
,	O
Datalog	O
,	O
Dynatrace	O
New	O
Relic	O
plug-ins	O
,	O
Active-Active	O
HA	O
with	O
config	O
sync	O
,	O
Key-Value	O
Store	O
,	O
on-the-fly	O
with	O
zero	O
downtime	O
updates	O
upstream	O
configurations	O
,	O
and	O
key‑value	O
stores	O
using	O
Nginx	B-Operating_System
Plus	I-Operating_System
API	O
and	O
web	B-Protocol
application	I-Protocol
firewall	I-Protocol
(	O
WAF	O
)	O
dynamic	O
module	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Nginx	B-Operating_System
was	O
written	O
with	O
an	O
explicit	O
goal	O
of	O
outperforming	O
the	O
Apache	B-Application
web	I-Application
server	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
Out	O
of	O
the	O
box	O
,	O
serving	O
static	O
files	O
,	O
Nginx	B-Operating_System
uses	O
much	O
less	O
memory	O
than	O
Apache	B-Application
,	O
and	O
can	O
handle	O
roughly	O
four	O
times	O
as	O
many	O
requests	O
per	O
second	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
However	O
,	O
this	O
performance	O
boost	O
comes	O
at	O
a	O
cost	O
of	O
decreased	O
flexibility	O
,	O
such	O
as	O
the	O
ability	O
to	O
override	O
systemwide	O
access	O
settings	O
on	O
a	O
per-file	O
basis	O
(	O
Apache	B-Application
accomplishes	O
this	O
with	O
an	O
.htaccess	B-Protocol
file	O
,	O
while	O
Nginx	B-Operating_System
has	O
no	O
such	O
feature	O
built	O
in	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Formerly	O
,	O
adding	O
third-party	O
modules	O
to	O
Nginx	B-Operating_System
required	O
recompiling	B-Language
the	O
application	O
from	O
source	O
with	O
the	O
modules	O
statically	B-Library
linked	I-Library
.	O
</s>
<s>
This	O
was	O
partially	O
overcome	O
in	O
version	O
1.9.11	O
in	O
February	O
2016	O
,	O
with	O
the	O
addition	O
of	O
dynamic	B-Application
module	I-Application
loading	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
However	O
,	O
the	O
modules	O
still	O
must	O
be	O
compiled	B-Language
at	O
the	O
same	O
time	O
as	O
Nginx	B-Operating_System
,	O
and	O
not	O
all	O
modules	O
are	O
compatible	O
with	O
this	O
system	O
;	O
some	O
require	O
the	O
older	O
static	B-Library
linking	I-Library
process	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Nginx	B-Operating_System
Unit	I-Operating_System
is	O
an	O
open-source	O
web	O
application	O
server	O
,	O
released	O
in	O
2017	O
by	O
NGINX	B-Operating_System
,	O
Inc	O
.	O
to	O
target	O
multi-language	O
microservices-based	O
applications	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
initial	O
release	O
supported	O
applications	O
written	O
in	O
Go	B-Application
,	O
PHP	B-Application
,	O
and	O
Python	B-Language
.	O
</s>
<s>
By	O
version	O
1.11.0	O
,	O
the	O
support	O
was	O
extended	O
to	O
Java	B-Language
,	O
Node.js	B-Language
,	O
Perl	B-Language
,	O
and	O
Ruby	B-Language
applications	O
;	O
other	O
features	O
include	O
dynamic	O
configuration	O
,	O
request	O
routing	O
,	O
and	O
load	B-Application
balancing	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
Igor	O
Sysoev	O
began	O
development	O
of	O
Nginx	B-Operating_System
in	O
2002	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Originally	O
,	O
Nginx	B-Operating_System
was	O
developed	O
to	O
solve	O
the	O
C10k	B-Protocol
problem	I-Protocol
,	O
and	O
to	O
fill	O
the	O
needs	O
of	O
multiple	O
websites	O
including	O
the	O
Rambler	B-Application
search	O
engine	O
and	O
portal	O
,	O
for	O
which	O
it	O
was	O
serving	O
500	O
million	O
requests	O
per	O
day	O
by	O
September	O
2008	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Nginx	B-Operating_System
Inc	O
.	O
was	O
founded	O
in	O
July	O
2011	O
by	O
Sysoev	O
and	O
Maxim	O
Konovalov	O
to	O
provide	O
commercial	O
products	O
and	O
support	O
for	O
the	O
software	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
October	O
2011	O
,	O
Nginx	B-Operating_System
,	O
Inc	O
.	O
raised	O
$3million	O
from	O
BV	O
Capital	O
,	O
Runa	O
Capital	O
,	O
and	O
MSD	O
Capital	O
,	O
Michael	O
Dell	O
's	O
venture	O
fund	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
company	O
announced	O
commercial	O
support	O
options	O
for	O
companies	O
using	O
Nginx	B-Operating_System
in	O
production	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Nginx	B-Operating_System
offered	O
commercial	O
support	O
in	O
February	O
2012	O
,	O
and	O
paid	O
Nginx	B-Operating_System
Plus	I-Operating_System
subscription	O
in	O
August	O
2013.Support	O
packages	O
focus	O
on	O
installation	O
,	O
configuration	O
,	O
performance	O
improvement	O
,	O
etc	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Nginx	B-Operating_System
,	O
Inc	O
.	O
also	O
offers	O
consulting	O
services	O
to	O
assist	O
customers	O
in	O
custom	O
configuration	O
or	O
adding	O
additional	O
features	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
October	O
2013	O
,	O
Nginx	B-Operating_System
,	O
Inc	O
.	O
raised	O
a	O
$10million	O
series	O
B	O
investment	O
round	O
led	O
by	O
New	O
Enterprise	O
Associates	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
December	O
2014	O
,	O
Nginx	B-Operating_System
raised	O
a	O
$20million	O
series	O
B1	O
round	O
led	O
by	O
New	O
Enterprise	O
Associates	O
,	O
with	O
participation	O
from	O
e.ventures	O
(	O
formerly	O
BV	O
Capital	O
)	O
,	O
Runa	O
Capital	O
,	O
Index	O
Ventures	O
and	O
Nginx	B-Operating_System
's	O
own	O
CEO	O
Gus	O
Robertson	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
September	O
2017	O
,	O
Nginx	B-Operating_System
announced	O
an	O
API	O
management	O
tool	O
,	O
NGINX	B-Operating_System
Controller	O
,	O
which	O
would	O
build	O
off	O
of	O
their	O
API	O
Gateway	O
,	O
NGINX	B-Operating_System
Plus	I-Operating_System
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
October	O
2017	O
,	O
Nginx	B-Operating_System
,	O
Inc	O
.	O
announced	O
general	O
available	O
Nginx	B-Operating_System
Amplify	O
SaaS	O
providing	O
monitoring	O
and	O
analytics	O
capabilities	O
for	O
Nginx	B-Operating_System
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
June	O
2018	O
,	O
Nginx	B-Operating_System
,	O
Inc	O
.	O
raised	O
$43million	O
in	O
Series	O
C	B-Language
Funding	O
in	O
a	O
round	O
led	O
by	O
Goldman	O
Sachs	O
"	O
to	O
Accelerate	O
Application	O
Modernization	O
and	O
Digital	O
Transformation	O
for	O
Enterprises	O
"	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
On	O
11	O
March	O
2019	O
,	O
F5	O
,	O
Inc	O
.	O
acquired	O
Nginx	B-Operating_System
,	O
Inc	O
.	O
for	O
US$670	O
million	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
On	O
12	O
December	O
2019	O
,	O
it	O
was	O
reported	O
that	O
the	O
Moscow	O
offices	O
of	O
Nginx	B-Operating_System
Inc	O
.	O
had	O
been	O
raided	O
by	O
police	O
,	O
and	O
that	O
Sysoev	O
and	O
Konovalov	O
had	O
been	O
detained	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
raid	O
was	O
conducted	O
under	O
a	O
search	O
warrant	O
connected	O
to	O
a	O
copyright	O
claim	O
over	O
Nginx	B-Operating_System
by	O
Rambler	B-Application
—	O
which	O
asserts	O
that	O
it	O
owns	O
all	O
rights	O
to	O
the	O
code	O
because	O
it	O
was	O
written	O
while	O
Sysoev	O
was	O
an	O
employee	O
of	O
the	O
company	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
On	O
16	O
December	O
2019	O
,	O
Russian	O
state	O
lender	O
Sberbank	O
,	O
which	O
owns	O
46.5	O
percent	O
of	O
Rambler	B-Application
,	O
called	O
an	O
extraordinary	O
meeting	O
of	O
Rambler	B-Application
's	O
board	O
of	O
directors	O
asking	O
Rambler	B-Application
's	O
management	O
team	O
to	O
request	O
Russian	O
law	O
enforcement	O
agencies	O
cease	O
pursuit	O
of	O
the	O
criminal	O
case	O
,	O
and	O
begin	O
talks	O
with	O
Nginx	B-Operating_System
and	O
with	O
F5	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
On	O
18	O
January	O
2022	O
,	O
it	O
was	O
announced	O
that	O
Igor	O
Sysoev	O
is	O
leaving	O
Nginx	B-Operating_System
and	O
F5	O
.	O
</s>
