<s>
The	O
most	O
differentiating	O
factor	O
of	O
telecom	O
NIS	O
from	O
traditional	O
GIS	B-Application
is	O
the	O
capability	O
of	O
recording	O
thread	O
level	O
connectivity	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Traditionally	O
,	O
the	O
logical	O
network	O
inventory	O
has	O
been	O
a	O
separate	O
product	O
but	O
in	O
most	O
modern	O
systems	O
the	O
functionality	O
is	O
built	O
in	O
the	O
GIS	B-Application
serving	O
both	O
the	O
functionality	O
of	O
the	O
physical	O
network	O
and	O
logical	O
network	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Water	O
network	B-Protocol
information	I-Protocol
system	I-Protocol
typically	O
manages	O
the	O
water	O
network	O
components	O
,	O
such	O
as	O
ducts	O
,	O
branches	O
,	O
valves	O
,	O
hydrants	O
,	O
reservoirs	O
and	O
pumping	O
stations	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
NIS	O
may	O
be	O
built	O
on	O
top	O
of	O
a	O
GIS	B-Application
(	O
Geographical	B-Application
information	I-Application
system	I-Application
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
As	O
much	O
of	O
the	O
changes	O
to	O
the	O
network	O
are	O
conducted	O
on	O
the	O
field	O
,	O
this	O
approach	O
has	O
significant	O
benefits	O
compared	O
to	O
traditional	O
GIS	B-Application
.	O
</s>
