<s>
Nemerle	B-Application
is	O
a	O
general-purpose	B-Language
,	O
high-level	B-Language
,	O
statically	O
typed	O
programming	O
language	O
designed	O
for	O
platforms	O
using	O
the	O
Common	O
Language	O
Infrastructure	O
(	O
.NET/Mono	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
offers	O
functional	B-Language
,	O
object-oriented	B-Language
,	O
aspect-oriented	B-Architecture
,	O
reflective	B-Language
and	O
imperative	B-Application
features	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
has	O
a	O
simple	O
C#	B-Application
-like	O
syntax	O
and	O
a	O
powerful	O
metaprogramming	B-Application
system	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
June	O
2012	O
,	O
the	O
core	O
developers	O
of	O
Nemerle	B-Application
were	O
hired	O
by	O
the	O
Czech	O
software	O
development	O
company	O
JetBrains	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Both	O
the	O
Nemerle	B-Application
language	O
and	O
Nitra	O
have	O
seemingly	O
been	O
abandoned	O
or	O
discontinued	O
by	O
JetBrains	O
;	O
Nitra	O
has	O
not	O
been	O
updated	O
by	O
its	O
original	O
creators	O
since	O
2017	O
and	O
Nemerle	B-Application
is	O
now	O
maintained	O
entirely	O
by	O
the	O
Russian	O
Software	O
Development	O
Network	O
,	O
independently	O
from	O
JetBrains	O
,	O
although	O
no	O
major	O
updates	O
have	O
been	O
released	O
yet	O
and	O
development	O
is	O
progressing	O
very	O
slowly	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Neither	O
Nemerle	B-Application
,	O
nor	O
Nitra	O
have	O
been	O
mentioned	O
or	O
referenced	O
by	O
JetBrains	O
for	O
years	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Nemerle	B-Application
is	O
named	O
after	O
the	O
Archmage	O
Nemmerle	O
,	O
a	O
character	O
in	O
the	O
fantasy	O
novel	O
A	O
Wizard	O
of	O
Earthsea	O
by	O
Ursula	O
K	O
.	O
Le	O
Guin	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Nemerle	B-Application
's	O
most	O
notable	O
feature	O
is	O
the	O
ability	O
to	O
mix	O
styles	O
of	O
programming	O
that	O
are	O
object-oriented	B-Language
and	O
functional	B-Language
.	O
</s>
<s>
Programs	O
may	O
be	O
structured	O
using	O
object-oriented	B-Language
concepts	O
such	O
as	O
classes	O
and	O
namespaces	O
,	O
while	O
methods	O
can	O
(	O
optionally	O
)	O
be	O
written	O
in	O
a	O
functional	B-Language
style	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
full	O
support	O
for	O
functional	B-Language
programming	I-Language
,	O
in	O
the	O
style	O
of	O
ML	B-Language
,	O
OCaml	B-Language
,	O
and	O
Haskell	B-Language
,	O
with	O
these	O
features	O
:	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
metaprogramming	B-Application
system	O
allows	O
for	O
great	O
compiler	B-Language
extensibility	O
,	O
embedding	O
domain-specific	B-Language
languages	I-Language
,	O
partial	O
evaluation	O
,	O
and	O
aspect-oriented	B-Architecture
programming	I-Architecture
,	O
taking	O
a	O
high-level	B-Language
approach	O
to	O
lift	O
as	O
much	O
of	O
the	O
burden	O
as	O
possible	O
from	O
programmers	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
language	O
combines	O
all	O
Common	O
Language	O
Infrastructure	O
(	O
CLI	O
)	O
standard	O
features	O
,	O
including	O
parametric	O
polymorphism	O
,	O
lambdas	B-General_Concept
,	O
extension	O
methods	O
etc	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Accessing	O
the	O
libraries	O
included	O
in	O
the	O
.NET	B-Application
or	O
Mono	B-Application
platforms	I-Application
is	O
as	O
easy	O
as	O
in	O
C#	B-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
Variants	B-Language
(	O
called	O
data	O
types	O
or	O
sum	B-Language
types	I-Language
in	O
SML	O
and	O
OCaml	B-Language
)	O
are	O
forms	O
of	O
expressing	O
data	O
of	O
several	O
different	O
kinds	O
:	O
</s>
<s>
Nemerle	B-Application
's	O
macro	O
system	O
allows	O
for	O
creating	O
,	O
analysing	O
,	O
and	O
modifying	O
program	O
code	O
during	O
compiling	B-Language
.	O
</s>
<s>
Similarly	O
to	O
the	O
braceless	O
syntax	O
later	O
added	O
to	O
Scala	B-Application
,	O
Nemerle	B-Application
allows	O
the	O
programmer	O
to	O
optionally	O
use	O
a	O
whitespace-sensitive	O
syntax	O
based	O
on	O
the	O
off-side	B-Language
rule	I-Language
,	O
similarly	O
to	O
Python	B-Language
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
order	O
to	O
activate	O
this	O
syntax	O
,	O
the	O
user	O
must	O
add	O
#pragma	O
indent	O
to	O
the	O
top	O
of	O
the	O
file	O
or	O
use	O
the	O
compiler	B-Language
option	O
-i	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Nemerle	B-Application
can	O
be	O
integrated	O
into	O
the	O
integrated	B-Application
development	I-Application
environment	I-Application
(	O
IDE	O
)	O
Visual	B-Application
Studio	I-Application
2008	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
also	O
has	O
a	O
fully	O
free	O
IDE	O
based	O
on	O
Visual	B-Application
Studio	I-Application
2008	I-Application
Shell	O
(	O
like	O
Visual	B-Application
Studio	I-Application
Express	I-Application
Editions	I-Application
)	O
and	O
SharpDevelop	B-Language
(	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Nemerle	B-Application
can	O
be	O
also	O
integrated	O
into	O
Visual	B-Application
Studio	I-Application
(	O
up	O
until	O
2017	O
)	O
using	O
add-ins	O
and	O
extensions	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
can	O
be	O
implemented	O
in	O
a	O
more	O
C#	B-Application
-like	O
fashion	O
:	O
</s>
<s>
Macros	O
allow	O
generating	O
boilerplate	O
code	O
with	O
added	O
static	O
checks	O
performed	O
by	O
the	O
compiler	B-Language
.	O
</s>
<s>
They	O
reduce	O
the	O
amount	O
of	O
code	O
that	O
must	O
be	O
written	O
by	O
hand	O
,	O
make	O
code	O
generation	O
safer	O
,	O
and	O
allow	O
programs	O
to	O
generate	O
code	O
with	O
compiler	B-Language
checks	O
,	O
while	O
keeping	O
source	O
code	O
relatively	O
small	O
and	O
readable	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
StructuralEquality	O
,	O
Memoize	O
,	O
json	O
,	O
and	O
with	O
are	O
macros	O
which	O
generate	O
code	O
in	O
compile	B-Language
time	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Though	O
some	O
of	O
them	O
(	O
StructuralEquality	O
,	O
Memoize	O
)	O
can	O
look	O
like	O
C#	B-Application
attributes	O
,	O
during	O
compiling	B-Language
,	O
they	O
will	O
be	O
examined	O
by	O
the	O
compiler	B-Language
and	O
transformed	O
to	O
appropriate	O
code	O
using	O
logic	O
predefined	O
by	O
their	O
macros	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Using	O
Nemerle	B-Application
macros	O
for	O
SQL	B-Language
you	O
can	O
write	O
:	O
</s>
<s>
and	O
this	O
is	O
not	O
just	O
hiding	O
some	O
operations	O
in	O
a	O
library	O
,	O
but	O
additional	O
work	O
performed	O
by	O
the	O
compiler	B-Language
to	O
understand	O
the	O
query	O
string	O
,	O
the	O
variables	O
used	O
there	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
columns	O
returned	O
from	O
the	O
database	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Moreover	O
,	O
it	O
connects	O
to	O
the	O
database	O
at	O
compilation	B-Language
time	O
to	O
check	O
that	O
your	O
SQL	B-Language
query	O
really	O
makes	O
sense	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
With	O
Nemerle	B-Application
macros	O
you	O
can	O
also	O
introduce	O
some	O
new	O
syntax	O
into	O
the	O
language	O
:	O
</s>
<s>
Nemerle	B-Application
can	O
be	O
either	O
embedded	O
directly	O
into	O
ASP.NET	B-Application
:	O
</s>
<s>
Nemerle	B-Application
can	O
take	O
advantage	O
of	O
native	O
platform	O
libraries	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
syntax	O
is	O
very	O
similar	O
to	O
C#'s	O
and	O
other	O
.NET	B-Application
languages	O
.	O
</s>
