<s>
Navini	B-Device
Networks	I-Device
was	O
a	O
company	O
that	O
developed	O
an	O
Internet	O
access	O
system	O
based	O
on	O
WiMAX	O
wireless	O
communication	O
standards	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
January	O
2000	O
,	O
Wu-Fu	O
Chen	O
and	O
Guanghan	O
Xu	O
formed	O
Navini	B-Device
Networks	I-Device
and	O
developed	O
a	O
wireless	O
Internet	O
access	O
system	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
A	O
Navini	O
customer	O
would	O
be	O
an	O
Internet	O
service	O
provider	O
providing	O
wireless	O
Internet	O
access	O
,	O
mainly	O
in	O
areas	O
where	O
there	O
are	O
only	O
limited	O
wired	O
alternatives	O
available	O
(	O
such	O
as	O
Docsis	B-Protocol
access	O
via	O
a	O
cable-TV	O
network	O
or	O
DSL	O
via	O
the	O
telephone	O
network	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
Navibi	O
EMS	O
is	O
a	O
Java	B-Device
based	O
IP-network	O
management	O
system	O
and	O
could	O
run	O
on	O
a	O
Windows	B-Application
or	O
SUN	O
server	O
platform	O
using	O
SNMP	B-Protocol
.	O
</s>
<s>
Although	O
the	O
Ripwave	O
technology	O
does	O
n't	O
support	O
the	O
active	O
handover	B-Protocol
of	O
a	O
call	O
from	O
one	O
base-station	O
to	O
another	O
(	O
such	O
as	O
in	O
cellular	O
networks	O
)	O
it	O
does	O
support	O
nomadic	O
use	O
:	O
a	O
CPE	O
is	O
n't	O
fixed	O
to	O
a	O
specific	O
base-station	O
:	O
if	O
the	O
provider	O
allows	O
it	O
,	O
a	O
CPE	O
connect	O
to	O
any	O
base-station	O
in	O
their	O
network	O
or	O
even	O
allow	O
connections	O
from	O
modems	O
of	O
another	O
ISP	O
's	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
Dutch	O
incumbent	O
telco	O
KPN	O
had	O
announced	O
that	O
they	O
would	O
n't	O
roll-out	O
DSL	O
in	O
these	O
rural	O
areas	O
and	O
the	O
cable-companies	O
like	O
UPC	O
and	O
Ziggo	O
had	O
stopped	O
upgrading	O
their	O
cable-TV	O
networks	O
to	O
offer	O
Docsis	B-Protocol
after	O
the	O
dot.com	O
collapse	O
of	O
2001	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
While	O
the	O
network	O
was	O
being	O
built	O
,	O
KPN	O
changed	O
their	O
plans	O
and	O
upgraded	O
their	O
entire	O
network	O
so	O
they	O
could	O
offer	O
DSL	O
in	O
the	O
whole	O
country	O
(	O
including	O
the	O
rural	O
areas	O
Introweb	O
was	O
targeting	O
with	O
the	O
Navini	O
systems	O
)	O
and	O
the	O
cable	O
TV	O
operators	O
also	O
continued	O
expanding	O
their	O
Docsis	B-Protocol
coverage	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
costs	O
of	O
a	O
Navini-based	O
connection	O
was	O
much	O
higher	O
than	O
a	O
DSL	O
or	O
Docsis	B-Protocol
connection	O
and	O
Introweb	O
could	O
not	O
compete	O
with	O
DSL	O
or	O
Docsis	B-Protocol
on	O
both	O
price	O
and	O
speed	O
.	O
</s>
