<s>
Myrinet	B-General_Concept
,	O
ANSI/VITA	O
26-1998	O
,	O
is	O
a	O
high-speed	O
local	B-General_Concept
area	I-General_Concept
networking	I-General_Concept
system	O
designed	O
by	O
the	O
company	O
Myricom	B-General_Concept
to	O
be	O
used	O
as	O
an	O
interconnect	O
between	O
multiple	O
machines	O
to	O
form	O
computer	B-Architecture
clusters	I-Architecture
.	O
</s>
<s>
Myrinet	B-General_Concept
was	O
promoted	O
as	O
having	O
lower	O
protocol	O
overhead	O
than	O
standards	O
such	O
as	O
Ethernet	O
,	O
and	O
therefore	O
better	O
throughput	O
,	O
less	O
interference	O
,	O
and	O
lower	O
latency	O
while	O
using	O
the	O
host	O
CPU	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Although	O
it	O
can	O
be	O
used	O
as	O
a	O
traditional	O
networking	O
system	O
,	O
Myrinet	B-General_Concept
is	O
often	O
used	O
directly	O
by	O
programs	O
that	O
"	O
know	O
"	O
about	O
it	O
,	O
thereby	O
bypassing	O
a	O
call	O
into	O
the	O
operating	B-General_Concept
system	I-General_Concept
.	O
</s>
<s>
Myrinet	B-General_Concept
physically	O
consists	O
of	O
two	O
fibre	B-Architecture
optic	I-Architecture
cables	O
,	O
upstream	O
and	O
downstream	O
,	O
connected	O
to	O
the	O
host	O
computers	O
with	O
a	O
single	O
connector	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Machines	O
are	O
connected	O
via	O
low-overhead	O
routers	B-Protocol
and	O
switches	O
,	O
as	O
opposed	O
to	O
connecting	O
one	O
machine	O
directly	O
to	O
another	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Myrinet	B-General_Concept
includes	O
a	O
number	O
of	O
fault-tolerance	O
features	O
,	O
mostly	O
backed	O
by	O
the	O
switches	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
"	O
fourth-generation	O
"	O
Myrinet	B-General_Concept
,	O
called	O
Myri-10G	O
,	O
supported	O
a	O
10	O
Gbit/s	O
data	O
rate	O
and	O
can	O
use	O
10	O
Gigabit	O
Ethernet	O
on	O
PHY	O
,	O
the	O
physical	O
layer	O
(	O
cables	O
,	O
connectors	O
,	O
distances	O
,	O
signaling	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Myrinet	B-General_Concept
was	O
approved	O
in	O
1998	O
by	O
the	O
American	O
National	O
Standards	O
Institute	O
for	O
use	O
on	O
the	O
VMEbus	B-Architecture
as	O
ANSI/VITA	O
26-1998	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
One	O
of	O
the	O
earliest	O
publications	O
on	O
Myrinet	B-General_Concept
is	O
a	O
1995	O
IEEE	O
article	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Myrinet	B-General_Concept
is	O
a	O
lightweight	O
protocol	O
with	O
little	O
overhead	O
that	O
allows	O
it	O
to	O
operate	O
with	O
throughput	O
close	O
to	O
the	O
basic	O
signaling	O
speed	O
of	O
the	O
physical	O
layer	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
For	O
supercomputing	O
,	O
the	O
low	O
latency	O
of	O
Myrinet	B-General_Concept
is	O
even	O
more	O
important	O
than	O
its	O
throughput	O
performance	O
,	O
since	O
,	O
according	O
to	O
Amdahl	B-Operating_System
's	I-Operating_System
law	I-Operating_System
,	O
a	O
high-performance	O
parallel	O
system	O
tends	O
to	O
be	O
bottlenecked	O
by	O
its	O
slowest	O
sequential	O
process	O
,	O
which	O
in	O
all	O
but	O
the	O
most	O
embarrassingly	B-Operating_System
parallel	I-Operating_System
supercomputer	O
workloads	O
is	O
often	O
the	O
latency	O
of	O
message	O
transmission	O
across	O
the	O
network	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
According	O
to	O
Myricom	B-General_Concept
,	O
141	O
(	O
28.2	O
%	O
)	O
of	O
the	O
June	O
2005	O
TOP500	B-Operating_System
supercomputers	O
used	O
Myrinet	B-General_Concept
technology	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
the	O
November	O
2005	O
TOP500	B-Operating_System
,	O
the	O
number	O
of	O
supercomputers	O
using	O
Myrinet	B-General_Concept
was	O
down	O
to	O
101	O
computers	O
,	O
or	O
20.2	O
%	O
,	O
in	O
November	O
2006	O
,	O
79	O
(	O
15.8	O
%	O
)	O
,	O
and	O
by	O
November	O
2007	O
,	O
18	O
(	O
3.6	O
%	O
)	O
,	O
a	O
long	O
way	O
behind	O
gigabit	O
Ethernet	O
at	O
54%	O
and	O
InfiniBand	B-Architecture
at	O
24.2	O
%	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
the	O
June	O
2014	O
TOP500	B-Operating_System
list	O
,	O
the	O
number	O
of	O
supercomputers	O
using	O
Myrinet	B-General_Concept
interconnect	O
was	O
1	O
(	O
0.2	O
%	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
November	O
,	O
2013	O
,	O
the	O
assets	O
of	O
Myricom	B-General_Concept
(	O
including	O
the	O
Myrinet	B-General_Concept
technology	O
)	O
were	O
acquired	O
by	O
CSP	O
Inc	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
2016	O
,	O
it	O
was	O
reported	O
that	O
Google	B-Application
had	O
also	O
offered	O
to	O
buy	O
the	O
company	O
.	O
</s>
