<s>
A	O
MultiValue	B-Application
database	I-Application
is	O
a	O
type	O
of	O
NoSQL	B-General_Concept
and	O
multidimensional	O
database	O
,	O
typically	O
considered	O
synonymous	O
with	O
PICK	B-Application
,	O
a	O
database	O
originally	O
developed	O
as	O
the	O
Pick	B-Application
operating	I-Application
system	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
MultiValue	B-Application
databases	I-Application
include	O
commercial	O
products	O
from	O
Rocket	O
Software	O
,	O
Revelation	O
,	O
InterSystems	B-Application
,	O
Northgate	O
Information	O
Solutions	O
,	O
ONgroup	O
,	O
and	O
other	O
companies	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
These	O
databases	O
differ	O
from	O
a	O
relational	B-Application
database	I-Application
in	O
that	O
they	O
have	O
features	O
that	O
support	O
and	O
encourage	O
the	O
use	O
of	O
attributes	O
which	O
can	O
take	O
a	O
list	O
of	O
values	O
,	O
rather	O
than	O
all	O
attributes	O
being	O
single-valued	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
They	O
are	O
often	O
categorized	O
with	O
MUMPS	B-Language
within	O
the	O
category	O
of	O
post-relational	B-General_Concept
databases	I-General_Concept
,	O
although	O
the	O
data	O
model	O
actually	O
pre-dates	O
the	O
relational	B-Architecture
model	I-Architecture
.	O
</s>
<s>
Unlike	O
SQL-DBMS	O
tools	O
,	O
most	O
MultiValue	B-Application
databases	I-Application
can	O
be	O
accessed	O
both	O
with	O
or	O
without	O
SQL	B-Language
.	O
</s>
<s>
Don	O
Nelson	O
designed	O
the	O
MultiValue	B-Application
data	O
model	O
in	O
the	O
early	O
to	O
mid-1960s	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Dick	B-Application
Pick	I-Application
,	O
a	O
developer	O
at	O
TRW	O
,	O
worked	O
on	O
the	O
first	O
implementation	O
of	O
this	O
model	O
for	O
the	O
US	O
Army	O
in	O
1965	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Pick	B-Application
considered	O
the	O
software	O
to	O
be	O
in	O
the	O
public	O
domain	O
because	O
it	O
was	O
written	O
for	O
the	O
military	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
This	O
was	O
but	O
the	O
first	O
dispute	O
regarding	O
MultiValue	B-Application
databases	I-Application
that	O
was	O
addressed	O
by	O
the	O
courts	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
was	O
based	O
on	O
Dartmouth	B-Language
BASIC	I-Language
,	O
but	O
had	O
enhanced	O
features	O
for	O
data	O
management	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Simms	O
played	O
a	O
lot	O
of	O
Star	B-Application
Trek	I-Application
while	O
developing	O
the	O
language	O
,	O
in	O
order	O
to	O
have	O
the	O
language	O
function	O
to	O
his	O
satisfaction	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Three	O
of	O
the	O
implementations	O
of	O
MultiValue	B-Application
-	O
PICK	B-Application
version	O
R77	O
,	O
Microdata	O
Reality	O
3.x	O
,	O
and	O
Prime	O
Information	O
1.0	O
-	O
were	O
very	O
similar	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
spite	O
of	O
attempts	O
to	O
standardize	O
,	O
particularly	O
by	O
International	O
Spectrum	O
and	O
the	O
Spectrum	O
Manufacturers	O
Association	O
,	O
who	O
designed	O
a	O
logo	O
for	O
all	O
to	O
use	O
,	O
there	O
are	O
no	O
standards	O
across	O
MultiValue	B-Application
implementations	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
These	O
streams	O
of	O
MultiValue	B-Application
database	I-Application
development	O
could	O
be	O
classified	O
as	O
one	O
stemming	O
from	O
PICK	B-Application
R83	O
,	O
one	O
from	O
Microdata	O
Reality	O
,	O
and	O
one	O
from	O
Prime	O
Information	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
An	O
attempt	O
to	O
document	O
the	O
similarities	O
and	O
differences	O
can	O
be	O
found	O
at	O
the	O
Post-Relational	B-General_Concept
Database	I-General_Concept
Reference	O
(	O
PRDB	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Marketing	O
groups	O
and	O
others	O
in	O
the	O
industry	O
over	O
the	O
years	O
have	O
classified	O
MultiValue	B-Application
databases	I-Application
as	O
pre-relational	O
,	O
post-relational	O
,	O
relational	O
,	O
and	O
embedded	O
,	O
with	O
detractors	O
often	O
classifying	O
it	O
as	O
legacy	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
could	O
now	O
be	O
classified	O
as	O
NoSQL	B-General_Concept
.	O
</s>
<s>
With	O
a	O
data	O
model	O
that	O
aligns	O
well	O
with	O
JSON	B-General_Concept
and	O
XML	B-Protocol
and	O
that	O
permits	O
access	O
with	O
or	O
without	O
the	O
use	O
of	O
SQL	B-Language
.	O
</s>
<s>
Historically	O
,	O
with	O
industry	O
benchmarks	O
tied	O
to	O
SQL	B-Language
transactions	O
,	O
this	O
has	O
been	O
a	O
difficult	O
hypothesis	O
to	O
test	O
,	O
although	O
there	O
are	O
considerable	O
anecdotes	O
of	O
failed	O
attempts	O
to	O
get	O
the	O
functionality	O
of	O
a	O
MultiValue	B-Application
application	O
into	O
a	O
relational	B-Application
database	I-Application
framework	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
spite	O
of	O
a	O
history	O
of	O
more	O
than	O
40	O
years	O
of	O
implementations	O
,	O
starting	O
with	O
TRW	O
,	O
many	O
in	O
the	O
MultiValue	B-Application
industry	O
have	O
remained	O
current	O
so	O
that	O
various	O
MultiValue	B-Application
implementations	O
now	O
employ	O
object-oriented	O
versions	O
of	O
Data/BASIC	O
,	O
support	O
AJAX	B-Device
frameworks	O
,	O
and	O
because	O
no	O
one	O
needs	O
to	O
use	O
SQL	B-Language
(	O
but	O
some	O
can	O
)	O
with	O
these	O
databases	O
,	O
they	O
fit	O
under	O
the	O
NoSQL	B-General_Concept
umbrella	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
fact	O
,	O
MultiValue	B-Application
developers	O
were	O
the	O
first	O
to	O
acquire	O
nosql	B-General_Concept
domain	O
names	O
,	O
likely	O
prior	O
to	O
other	O
database	O
products	O
classifying	O
their	O
offerings	O
as	O
NoSQL	B-General_Concept
as	O
well	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
MultiValue	B-Application
is	O
a	O
seasoned	O
data	O
model	O
with	O
several	O
vendors	O
competing	O
in	O
the	O
MultiValue	B-Application
space	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
a	O
MultiValue	B-Application
database	I-Application
system	O
:	O
</s>
<s>
Achieving	O
the	O
same	O
(	O
one-to-many	O
)	O
relationship	O
within	O
a	O
traditional	O
relational	B-Application
database	I-Application
system	O
would	O
include	O
creating	O
an	O
additional	O
table	O
to	O
store	O
the	O
variable	O
number	O
of	O
email	O
addresses	O
associated	O
with	O
a	O
single	O
"	O
PERSON	O
"	O
record	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
However	O
,	O
modern	O
relational	B-Application
database	I-Application
systems	O
support	O
this	O
multi-value	O
data	O
model	O
too	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
For	O
example	O
,	O
in	O
PostgreSQL	B-Application
,	O
a	O
column	O
can	O
be	O
an	O
array	O
of	O
any	O
base	O
type	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Like	O
the	O
Java	B-Language
programming	I-Language
language	I-Language
,	O
the	O
typical	O
Data/BASIC	O
compiler	O
compiles	O
to	O
P-code	O
,	O
or	O
bytecode	O
,	O
and	O
runs	O
in	O
a	O
P-machine	O
,	O
with	O
jBASE	O
being	O
a	O
notable	O
exception	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
has	O
as	O
many	O
different	O
implementations	O
(	O
compilers	O
)	O
as	O
there	O
are	O
MultiValue	B-Application
databases	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
Like	O
PHP	B-Application
programming	I-Application
language	I-Application
,	O
the	O
Data/BASIC	O
language	O
does	O
all	O
the	O
typecasting	O
for	O
the	O
programmer	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Known	O
as	O
ENGLISH	O
,	O
ACCESS	O
,	O
AQL	O
,	O
UniQuery	O
,	O
Retrieve	O
,	O
CMQL	O
,	O
and	O
by	O
many	O
other	O
names	O
over	O
the	O
years	O
,	O
corresponding	O
to	O
the	O
different	O
MultiValue	B-Application
implementations	O
,	O
the	O
MultiValue	B-Application
query	O
language	O
differs	O
from	O
SQL	B-Language
in	O
several	O
respects	O
.	O
</s>
