<s>
In	O
computing	O
,	O
mount	O
is	O
a	O
command	B-Application
in	O
various	O
operating	B-General_Concept
systems	I-General_Concept
.	O
</s>
<s>
Before	O
a	O
user	O
can	O
access	O
a	O
file	B-Operating_System
on	O
a	O
Unix-like	B-Operating_System
machine	O
,	O
the	O
file	B-Application
system	I-Application
on	O
the	O
device	O
which	O
contains	O
the	O
file	B-Operating_System
needs	O
to	O
be	O
mounted	B-Application
with	O
the	O
mount	O
command	B-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
Frequently	O
mount	O
is	O
used	O
for	O
SD	B-Device
card	I-Device
,	O
USB	B-Architecture
storage	I-Architecture
,	O
DVD	O
and	O
other	O
removable	O
storage	O
devices	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
command	B-Application
is	O
also	O
available	O
in	O
the	O
EFI	B-Architecture
shell	I-Architecture
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
mount	O
command	B-Application
instructs	O
the	O
operating	B-General_Concept
system	I-General_Concept
that	O
a	O
file	B-Application
system	I-Application
is	O
ready	O
to	O
use	O
,	O
and	O
associates	O
it	O
with	O
a	O
particular	O
point	O
in	O
the	O
overall	O
file	B-Application
system	I-Application
hierarchy	O
(	O
its	O
mount	O
point	O
)	O
and	O
sets	O
options	O
relating	O
to	O
its	O
access	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Mounting	B-Application
makes	O
file	B-Application
systems	I-Application
,	O
files	O
,	O
directories	B-Application
,	O
devices	O
and	O
special	O
files	O
available	O
for	O
use	O
and	O
available	O
to	O
the	O
user	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Its	O
counterpart	O
umount	B-Device
instructs	O
the	O
operating	B-General_Concept
system	I-General_Concept
that	O
the	O
file	B-Application
system	I-Application
should	O
be	O
disassociated	O
from	O
its	O
mount	O
point	O
,	O
making	O
it	O
no	O
longer	O
accessible	O
and	O
may	O
be	O
removed	O
from	O
the	O
computer	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
is	O
important	O
to	O
umount	B-Device
a	O
device	O
before	O
removing	O
it	O
since	O
changes	O
to	O
files	O
may	O
have	O
only	O
partially	O
been	O
written	O
and	O
are	O
completed	O
as	O
part	O
of	O
the	O
umount	B-Device
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
mount	O
and	O
umount	B-Device
commands	O
require	O
root	B-Application
user	I-Application
privilege	O
to	O
effect	O
changes	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Alternately	O
,	O
specific	O
privileges	O
to	O
perform	O
the	O
corresponding	O
action	O
may	O
have	O
been	O
previously	O
granted	O
by	O
the	O
root	B-Application
user	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
A	O
file	B-Application
system	I-Application
can	O
be	O
defined	O
as	O
user	O
mountable	O
in	O
the	O
/etc/fstab	B-Protocol
file	B-Operating_System
by	O
the	O
root	B-Application
user	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
To	O
display	O
all	O
mounted	B-Application
partitions	O
:	O
</s>
<s>
To	O
mount	O
the	O
second	O
partition	O
of	O
a	O
hard	B-Device
disk	I-Device
drive	I-Device
to	O
the	O
existing	O
directory	B-Application
/media/PHOTOS	O
(	O
mount	O
point	O
)	O
:	O
</s>
<s>
To	O
unmount	B-Application
by	O
referring	O
to	O
the	O
physical	O
disk	O
partition	O
:	O
</s>
<s>
To	O
unmount	B-Application
by	O
referring	O
to	O
the	O
mount	O
point	O
:	O
</s>
<s>
Bind	O
mounting	B-Application
allows	O
a	O
filesystem	B-Application
hierarchy	I-Application
or	O
a	O
file	B-Operating_System
to	O
be	O
mounted	B-Application
at	O
a	O
different	O
mount	O
point	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Unlike	O
a	O
symbolic	B-Application
link	I-Application
,	O
a	O
bind	O
mount	O
does	O
not	O
exist	O
on	O
the	O
filesystem	B-Application
itself	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
A	O
loop	B-Application
device	I-Application
is	O
a	O
device	O
that	O
corresponds	O
to	O
a	O
file	B-Operating_System
,	O
usually	O
a	O
disk	B-Application
image	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
Mounting	B-Application
a	O
loop	B-Application
device	I-Application
allows	O
the	O
file	B-Operating_System
to	O
be	O
accessed	O
as	O
a	O
filesystem	B-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
This	O
allows	O
it	O
to	O
be	O
used	O
as	O
a	O
virtual	B-Application
drive	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
For	O
example	O
,	O
a	O
virtual	B-Application
disk	I-Application
image	O
can	O
be	O
mounted	B-Application
as	O
a	O
regular	O
filesystem	B-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
pmount	O
is	O
a	O
wrapper	B-Library
around	O
the	O
standard	O
mount	O
program	O
which	O
permits	O
normal	O
users	O
to	O
mount	O
removable	O
devices	O
without	O
a	O
matching	O
/etc/fstab	B-Protocol
entry	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
This	O
provides	O
a	O
robust	O
basis	O
for	O
automounting	O
frameworks	O
like	O
GNOME	O
's	O
Utopia	O
project	O
and	O
keeps	O
the	O
usage	O
of	O
root	B-Application
to	O
a	O
minimum	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
This	O
package	O
also	O
contains	O
a	O
wrapper	B-Library
pmount-hal	O
,	O
which	O
reads	O
information	O
such	O
as	O
device	O
labels	O
and	O
mount	O
options	O
from	O
HAL	B-Application
and	O
passes	O
it	O
to	O
pmount	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
gnome-mount	O
package	O
contains	O
programs	O
for	O
mounting	B-Application
,	O
unmounting	O
and	O
ejecting	O
storage	O
devices	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
goal	O
for	O
gnome-mount	O
is	O
for	O
GNOME	O
software	O
such	O
as	O
gnome-volume-manager	O
and	O
GNOME-VFS	B-Application
to	O
use	O
this	O
instead	O
of	O
invoking	O
mount/umount/eject/pmount	O
or	O
direct	O
HAL	B-Application
invoking	O
methods	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
All	O
the	O
gnome-mount	O
programs	O
utilize	O
HAL	B-Application
methods	O
and	O
as	O
such	O
run	O
unprivileged	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
rationale	O
for	O
gnome-mount	O
is	O
to	O
have	O
a	O
centralized	O
place	O
(	O
in	O
GConf	B-Language
)	O
where	O
settings	O
such	O
as	O
mount	O
options	O
and	O
mount	O
locations	O
are	O
maintained	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
As	O
with	O
all	O
unix-like	B-Operating_System
commands	O
,	O
the	O
options	O
are	O
specific	O
to	O
the	O
version	O
of	O
mount	O
and	O
are	O
precisely	O
detailed	O
in	O
its	O
man	B-Protocol
page	I-Protocol
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
addition	O
to	O
the	O
system	O
call	O
mount	O
,	O
the	O
function	O
mount_root( )	O
mounts	O
the	O
first	O
,	O
or	O
root	B-Application
filesystem	I-Application
.	O
</s>
