<s>
Motion-capture	B-Operating_System
acting	I-Operating_System
,	O
also	O
called	O
performance-capture	B-Operating_System
acting	I-Operating_System
and	O
often	O
abbreviated	O
as	O
mo-cap	B-Application
or	O
P-cap	O
,	O
is	O
a	O
type	O
of	O
acting	O
in	O
which	O
an	O
actor	O
wears	O
markers	O
or	O
sensors	O
on	O
a	O
skintight	O
bodysuit	O
or	O
directly	O
on	O
the	O
skin	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
first	O
virtual	O
actor	O
animated	O
by	O
motion-capture	B-Application
was	O
produced	O
in	O
1993	O
by	O
Didier	O
Pourcel	O
and	O
his	O
team	O
at	O
Gribouille	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
involved	O
"	O
cloning	O
"	O
the	O
body	O
and	O
face	O
of	O
french	O
comedian	O
Richard	O
Bohringer	O
,	O
and	O
then	O
animating	O
it	O
with	O
still-nascent	O
motion-capture	B-Application
tools	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Some	O
talent	O
agents	O
represent	O
motion-capture	B-Application
actors	O
in	O
addition	O
to	O
their	O
live-action	O
actors	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Motion-capture	B-Operating_System
acting	I-Operating_System
can	O
be	O
difficult	O
work	O
,	O
often	O
involving	O
unusual	O
movements	O
not	O
found	O
in	O
human	O
locomotion	O
,	O
and	O
other	O
unusual	O
performance	O
requirements	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Numerous	O
sources	O
identify	O
English	O
actor	O
Andy	O
Serkis	O
as	O
the	O
"	O
king	O
of	O
motion-capture	B-Operating_System
acting	I-Operating_System
"	O
based	O
on	O
his	O
portrayal	O
of	O
digital	O
characters	O
in	O
films	O
such	O
as	O
King	B-Application
Kong	I-Application
,	O
The	O
Lord	O
of	O
the	O
Rings	O
,	O
and	O
Planet	B-Application
of	I-Application
the	I-Application
Apes	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
According	O
to	O
one	O
report	O
,	O
the	O
first	O
use	O
of	O
motion-capture	B-Operating_System
acting	I-Operating_System
for	O
a	O
video	O
game	O
was	O
for	O
the	O
2007	O
PlayStation	B-Operating_System
3	I-Operating_System
release	O
Heavenly	B-Application
Sword	I-Application
,	O
which	O
starred	O
Serkis	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
an	O
August	O
2011	O
interview	O
,	O
Serkis	O
said	O
,	O
"	O
Performance-capture	B-Application
technology	O
is	O
really	O
the	O
only	O
way	O
that	O
we	O
could	O
bring	O
these	O
characters	O
to	O
life	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
's	O
the	O
way	O
that	O
Gollum	B-Application
was	O
brought	O
to	O
life	O
,	O
and	O
King	B-Application
Kong	I-Application
,	O
and	O
the	O
Naʼvi	O
in	O
Avatar	O
and	O
so	O
on	O
 [ ... ] 	O
it	O
's	O
really	O
another	O
way	O
of	O
capturing	O
an	O
actor	O
's	O
performance	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
There	O
have	O
been	O
battles	O
within	O
the	O
entertainment	O
industry	O
about	O
recognition	O
for	O
motion-capture	B-Application
actors	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
Alliance	O
of	O
Motion	O
Picture	O
and	O
Television	O
Producers	O
does	O
not	O
consider	O
motion-capture	B-Operating_System
acting	I-Operating_System
to	O
be	O
the	O
same	O
type	O
of	O
work	O
as	O
live-action	O
acting	O
,	O
which	O
means	O
that	O
motion-capture	B-Application
actors	O
are	O
often	O
paid	O
less	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
actors	O
 '	O
union	O
SAG-AFTRA	O
has	O
lobbied	O
the	O
industry	O
for	O
better	O
employment	O
terms	O
and	O
conditions	O
for	O
motion-capture	B-Application
actors	O
,	O
arguing	O
that	O
the	O
work	O
should	O
be	O
included	O
in	O
standard	O
labor	O
contracts	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
As	O
of	O
2020	O
,	O
major	O
award	O
ceremonies	O
still	O
have	O
no	O
motion-capture	B-Operating_System
acting	I-Operating_System
category	O
.	O
</s>
