<s>
Monte	B-Algorithm
Carlo	I-Algorithm
N-Particle	I-Algorithm
Transport	I-Algorithm
(	O
MCNP	B-Algorithm
)	O
is	O
a	O
general-purpose	O
,	O
continuous-energy	O
,	O
generalized-geometry	O
,	O
time-dependent	O
,	O
Monte	O
Carlo	O
radiation	O
transport	O
code	O
designed	O
to	O
track	O
many	O
particle	O
types	O
over	O
broad	O
ranges	O
of	O
energies	O
and	O
is	O
developed	O
by	O
Los	O
Alamos	O
National	O
Laboratory	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Specific	O
areas	O
of	O
application	O
include	O
,	O
but	O
are	O
not	O
limited	O
to	O
,	O
radiation	O
protection	O
and	O
dosimetry	O
,	O
radiation	O
shielding	O
,	O
radiography	O
,	O
medical	O
physics	O
,	O
nuclear	O
criticality	B-General_Concept
safety	O
,	O
detector	O
design	O
and	O
analysis	O
,	O
nuclear	O
oil	O
well	O
logging	O
,	O
accelerator	O
target	O
design	O
,	O
fission	O
and	O
fusion	O
reactor	O
design	O
,	O
decontamination	O
and	O
decommissioning	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Important	O
standard	O
features	O
that	O
make	O
MCNP	B-Algorithm
very	O
versatile	O
and	O
easy	O
to	O
use	O
include	O
a	O
powerful	O
general	O
source	O
,	O
criticality	B-General_Concept
source	O
,	O
and	O
surface	O
source	O
;	O
both	O
geometry	O
and	O
output	O
tally	O
plotters	O
;	O
a	O
rich	O
collection	O
of	O
variance	O
reduction	O
techniques	O
;	O
a	O
flexible	O
tally	O
structure	O
;	O
and	O
an	O
extensive	O
collection	O
of	O
cross-section	O
data	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
MCNP	B-Algorithm
contains	O
numerous	O
flexible	O
tallies	O
:	O
surface	O
current	O
&	O
flux	O
,	O
volume	O
flux	O
(	O
track	O
length	O
)	O
,	O
point	O
or	O
ring	O
detectors	O
,	O
particle	O
heating	O
,	O
fission	O
heating	O
,	O
pulse	O
height	O
tally	O
for	O
energy	O
or	O
charge	O
deposition	O
,	O
mesh	O
tallies	O
,	O
and	O
radiography	O
tallies	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
key	O
value	O
MCNP	B-Algorithm
provides	O
is	O
a	O
predictive	O
capability	O
that	O
can	O
replace	O
expensive	O
or	O
impossible-to-perform	O
experiments	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
LANL	O
's	O
latest	O
version	O
of	O
the	O
MCNP	B-Algorithm
code	O
,	O
version	O
6.2	O
,	O
represents	O
one	O
piece	O
of	O
a	O
set	O
of	O
synergistic	O
capabilities	O
each	O
developed	O
at	O
LANL	O
;	O
it	O
includes	O
evaluated	O
nuclear	O
data	O
(	O
ENDF	O
)	O
and	O
the	O
data	O
processing	O
code	O
,	O
NJOY	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
international	O
user	O
community	O
's	O
high	O
confidence	O
in	O
MCNP	B-Algorithm
's	O
predictive	O
capabilities	O
are	O
based	O
on	O
its	O
performance	O
with	O
verification	O
and	O
validation	O
test	O
suites	O
,	O
comparisons	O
to	O
its	O
predecessor	O
codes	O
,	O
automated	O
testing	O
,	O
underlying	O
high	O
quality	O
nuclear	O
and	O
atomic	O
databases	O
and	O
significant	O
testing	O
by	O
its	O
users	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
Monte	B-Algorithm
Carlo	I-Algorithm
method	I-Algorithm
for	O
radiation	O
particle	O
transport	O
has	O
its	O
origins	O
at	O
LANL	O
dates	O
back	O
to	O
1946	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
While	O
waiting	O
for	O
ENIAC	O
to	O
be	O
physically	O
relocated	O
,	O
Enrico	O
Fermi	O
invented	O
a	O
mechanical	O
device	O
called	O
FERMIAC	O
to	O
trace	O
neutron	O
movements	O
through	O
fissionable	O
materials	O
by	O
the	O
Monte	B-Algorithm
Carlo	I-Algorithm
method	I-Algorithm
.	O
</s>
<s>
Monte	B-Algorithm
Carlo	I-Algorithm
methods	I-Algorithm
for	O
particle	O
transport	O
have	O
been	O
driving	O
computational	O
developments	O
since	O
the	O
beginning	O
of	O
modern	O
computers	O
;	O
this	O
continues	O
today	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
1977	O
,	O
these	O
separate	O
codes	O
were	O
combined	O
to	O
create	O
the	O
first	O
generalized	O
Monte	O
Carlo	O
radiation	O
particle	O
transport	O
code	O
,	O
MCNP	B-Algorithm
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
1977	O
,	O
MCNP	B-Algorithm
was	O
first	O
created	O
by	O
merging	O
MCNG	O
with	O
MCP	O
to	O
create	O
MCNP	B-Algorithm
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
first	O
release	O
of	O
the	O
MCNP	B-Algorithm
code	O
was	O
version	O
3	O
and	O
was	O
released	O
in	O
1983	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Monte	O
Carlo	O
N-Particle	O
eXtended	O
(	O
MCNPX	B-Algorithm
)	O
was	O
also	O
developed	O
at	O
Los	O
Alamos	O
National	O
Laboratory	O
,	O
and	O
is	O
capable	O
of	O
simulating	O
particle	O
interactions	O
of	O
34	O
different	O
types	O
of	O
particles	O
(	O
nucleons	O
and	O
ions	O
)	O
and	O
2000+	O
heavy	O
ions	O
at	O
nearly	O
all	O
energies	O
,	O
including	O
those	O
simulated	O
by	O
MCNP	B-Algorithm
.	O
</s>
<s>
Both	O
codes	O
can	O
be	O
used	O
to	O
judge	O
whether	O
or	O
not	O
nuclear	O
systems	O
are	O
critical	B-General_Concept
and	O
to	O
determine	O
doses	O
from	O
sources	O
,	O
among	O
other	O
things	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
MCNP6	O
is	O
a	O
merger	O
of	O
MCNP5	O
and	O
MCNPX	B-Algorithm
.	O
</s>
<s>
MCNP6	O
is	O
less	O
accurate	O
than	O
MCNPX	B-Algorithm
.	O
</s>
<s>
Geant4	B-Application
is	O
less	O
accurate	O
than	O
MCNPX	B-Algorithm
.	O
</s>
<s>
Geant4	B-Application
is	O
less	O
accurate	O
than	O
MCNP5	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Geant4	B-Application
is	O
slower	O
than	O
MCNPX	B-Algorithm
.	O
</s>
