<s>
Mode	B-Operating_System
setting	I-Operating_System
is	O
a	O
software	O
operation	O
that	O
activates	O
a	O
display	O
mode	O
(	O
screen	O
resolution	O
,	O
color	O
depth	O
,	O
and	O
refresh	O
rate	O
)	O
for	O
a	O
computer	O
's	O
display	O
controller	O
by	O
using	O
VESA	B-Device
BIOS	I-Device
Extensions	I-Device
or	O
UEFI	O
Graphics	O
extensions	O
(	O
on	O
more	O
modern	O
computers	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
display	O
mode	O
is	O
set	O
by	O
the	O
kernel	B-Operating_System
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
user-space	B-Operating_System
mode-setting	B-Operating_System
(	O
UMS	O
)	O
,	O
the	O
display	O
mode	O
is	O
set	O
by	O
a	O
user-space	B-Operating_System
process	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Kernel	B-Operating_System
mode-setting	I-Operating_System
is	O
more	O
flexible	O
and	O
allows	O
displaying	O
of	O
an	O
error	O
in	O
the	O
case	O
of	O
a	O
fatal	O
system	O
error	O
in	O
the	O
kernel	B-Operating_System
,	O
even	O
when	O
using	O
a	O
user-space	B-Operating_System
display	O
server	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
User-space	B-Operating_System
mode	B-Operating_System
setting	I-Operating_System
would	O
require	O
superuser	O
privileges	O
for	O
direct	O
hardware	O
access	O
,	O
so	O
kernel-based	O
mode	B-Operating_System
setting	I-Operating_System
shuns	O
such	O
requirement	O
for	O
the	O
user-space	B-Operating_System
graphics	O
server	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Microsoft	B-Application
Windows	I-Application
versions	O
that	O
are	O
NT-based	B-Device
use	O
kernel	B-Operating_System
mode	B-Operating_System
setting	I-Operating_System
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
kernel	B-Operating_System
error	O
display	O
made	O
possible	O
by	O
kernel	B-Operating_System
mode	B-Operating_System
setting	I-Operating_System
is	O
officially	O
called	O
"	O
bug	O
check	O
"	O
,	O
but	O
more	O
commonly	O
known	O
as	O
the	O
Blue	O
Screen	O
of	O
Death	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
Linux	B-Operating_System
kernel	I-Operating_System
got	O
the	O
prerequisite	O
for	O
kernel-based	O
mode	B-Operating_System
setting	I-Operating_System
by	O
accepting	O
Intel	O
GEM	O
in	O
version	O
2.6.28	O
,	O
released	O
in	O
December	O
2008	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
TTM	O
was	O
developed	O
for	O
the	O
free	B-License
and	I-License
open-source	I-License
drivers	O
for	O
Radeon	B-Device
and	O
S3	O
Graphics	O
graphic	O
chipsets	O
(	O
see	O
Free	B-Application
and	I-Application
open-source	I-Application
graphics	I-Application
device	I-Application
driver	I-Application
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Support	O
for	O
Intel	B-Device
GMA	I-Device
graphic	O
chipsets	O
was	O
accepted	O
in	O
version	O
2.6.29	O
,	O
released	O
on	O
March	O
23	O
,	O
2009	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Support	O
for	O
pre-R600	O
ATI	B-Device
Radeon	I-Device
graphics	O
cards	O
was	O
accepted	O
in	O
version	O
2.6.31	O
,	O
released	O
on	O
September	O
9	O
,	O
2009	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Support	O
for	O
R600	O
and	O
R700	O
was	O
in	O
development	O
within	O
DRM	B-Application
and	O
was	O
merged	O
in	O
version	O
2.6.32	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
As	O
Nvidia	O
did	O
not	O
release	O
all	O
the	O
needed	O
documentation	O
for	O
its	O
graphics	O
chip	O
,	O
development	O
proceeded	O
under	O
the	O
nouveau	B-Application
project	O
,	O
which	O
uses	O
reverse	O
engineering	O
to	O
build	O
a	O
working	O
open-source	O
driver	O
for	O
Nvidia	O
cards	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Nouveau	B-Application
was	O
accepted	O
in	O
version	O
2.6.33	O
of	O
the	O
kernel	B-Operating_System
,	O
released	O
on	O
December	O
10	O
,	O
2009	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Kernel-based	O
mode	B-Operating_System
setting	I-Operating_System
is	O
not	O
only	O
supported	O
by	O
the	O
nouveau	B-Application
driver	I-Application
,	O
it	O
is	O
required	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Wayland	B-Language
compositors	O
(	O
e.g.	O
</s>
<s>
Weston	B-Language
)	O
and	O
kmscon	B-Application
depend	O
on	O
kernel	B-Operating_System
mode	B-Operating_System
setting	I-Operating_System
via	O
ioctl	B-Operating_System
.	O
</s>
<s>
FreeBSD	B-Operating_System
has	O
support	O
for	O
both	O
kernel-based	O
mode	B-Operating_System
setting	I-Operating_System
and	O
GEM	O
for	O
later	O
generations	O
of	O
Intel	O
GPUs	O
(	O
IronLake	O
,	O
SandyBridge	O
,	O
and	O
IvyBridge	O
)	O
starting	O
with	O
version	O
9.1	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
NetBSD	B-Device
has	O
support	O
for	O
kernel-based	O
mode	B-Operating_System
setting	I-Operating_System
and	O
accelerated	O
graphics	O
for	O
Intel	O
and	O
Radeon	B-Device
devices	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
This	O
implementation	O
was	O
introduced	O
in	O
version	O
7.0	O
by	O
porting	O
the	O
Linux	B-Operating_System
3.15	O
DRM/KMS	O
code	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
OpenBSD	B-Operating_System
has	O
kernel-based	O
mode	B-Operating_System
setting	I-Operating_System
support	O
for	O
Intel	O
and	O
Radeon	B-Device
GPUs	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Starting	O
with	O
version	O
5.4	O
of	O
OpenBSD	B-Operating_System
,	O
support	O
for	O
Intel	O
GPUs	O
is	O
available	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
With	O
the	O
release	O
of	O
version	O
5.5	O
,	O
the	O
implementation	O
has	O
been	O
extended	O
to	O
add	O
support	O
for	O
Radeon	B-Device
chipsets	O
as	O
well	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
following	O
alternatives	O
have	O
been	O
presented	O
during	O
the	O
Linux	B-Operating_System
Plumbers	O
Conference	O
2013	O
:	O
</s>
