<s>
Minnesota	B-Protocol
Internet	I-Protocol
Users	I-Protocol
Essential	I-Protocol
Tool	I-Protocol
(	O
Minuet	B-Protocol
)	O
is	O
an	O
integrated	O
Internet	O
package	O
for	O
DOS	B-Device
operating	O
systems	O
on	O
IBM-compatible	O
PCs	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Minuet	B-Protocol
was	O
created	O
at	O
the	O
University	O
of	O
Minnesota	O
,	O
in	O
the	O
early	O
days	O
of	O
the	O
World	O
Wide	O
Web	O
(	O
1994	O
–	O
1996	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
At	O
that	O
time	O
,	O
Internet	O
software	O
for	O
the	O
PC	O
was	O
immature	O
—	O
the	O
only	O
programs	O
available	O
were	O
NCSA	B-Protocol
Telnet	I-Protocol
and	O
NCSA	O
FTP	B-Protocol
.	O
</s>
<s>
Both	O
are	O
glitchy	O
,	O
hard	O
to	O
configure	O
,	O
and	O
TTY-oriented	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Runnable	O
on	O
any	O
PC	O
with	O
at	O
least	O
384KiB	O
of	O
RAM	B-Architecture
,	O
even	O
an	O
original	O
4.77	O
MHz	O
PC	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
result	O
was	O
"	O
Minuet	B-Protocol
"	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Minuet	B-Protocol
was	O
quite	O
successful	O
at	O
its	O
time	O
,	O
being	O
used	O
at	O
many	O
colleges	O
and	O
institutions	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Its	O
usage	O
peaked	O
around	O
1996	O
,	O
going	O
down	O
as	O
Windows	B-Application
95	I-Application
and	O
its	O
free	O
e-mail	O
reader	O
and	O
web	O
browser	O
proliferated	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
program	O
was	O
written	O
in	O
Turbo	B-Application
Pascal	I-Application
,	O
using	O
the	O
Turbo	B-Application
Vision	I-Application
GUI	B-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
Turbo	B-Application
Vision	I-Application
in	O
its	O
early	O
incarnations	O
uses	O
the	O
80×25	O
character	O
text	B-Application
mode	I-Application
,	O
meaning	O
very	O
speedy	O
screen	O
updates	O
,	O
even	O
on	O
slow	O
PCs	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Later	O
Minuet	B-Protocol
versions	O
-	O
including	O
the	O
last	O
one	O
1.0	O
Beta	O
18A	O
-	O
also	O
support	O
graphical	O
modes	O
up	O
to	O
1600	O
×	O
1200	O
pixels	O
(	O
UXGA	O
)	O
while	O
displaying	O
up	O
to	O
16.7	O
million	O
colors	O
,	O
depending	O
on	O
the	O
capabilities	O
and	O
VESA	B-Device
compatibility	O
of	O
the	O
hardware	O
used	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
A	O
homebrew	O
multi-tasking	B-Operating_System
kernel	O
allows	O
users	O
to	O
have	O
several	O
Minuet	B-Protocol
windows	O
active	O
at	O
the	O
same	O
time	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
An	O
FTP	B-Protocol
session	O
could	O
be	O
transferring	O
files	O
,	O
while	O
in	O
another	O
window	O
,	O
the	O
user	O
could	O
be	O
composing	O
an	O
e-mail	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
All	O
the	O
parts	O
of	O
Minuet	B-Protocol
use	O
multi-tasking	B-Operating_System
,	O
the	O
user	O
does	O
not	O
have	O
to	O
wait	O
for	O
a	O
slow	O
operation	O
to	O
complete	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Email	O
in	O
Minuet	B-Protocol
resembles	O
most	O
standard	O
email	O
programs	O
—	O
From	O
:	O
,	O
To	O
:	O
,	O
cc	O
:	O
,	O
Bcc	O
:	O
,	O
and	O
Message	O
body	O
fields	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Attachments	O
use	O
the	O
BinHex	O
and	O
UUCP	B-Protocol
encoding	O
schemes	O
,	O
which	O
predated	O
MIME	B-Protocol
and	O
were	O
popular	O
in	O
Minuet	B-Protocol
's	O
days	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
Minuet	B-Protocol
,	O
Newsgroups	O
appear	O
much	O
like	O
e-mail	O
folders	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
An	O
innovative	O
concept	O
is	O
included	O
—	O
Minuet	B-Protocol
would	O
not	O
attempt	O
to	O
download	O
the	O
whole	O
newsgroups	O
file	O
,	O
which	O
even	O
then	O
included	O
thousands	O
of	O
newsgroups	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Instead	O
,	O
a	O
Perl	B-Language
server	O
is	O
contacted	O
to	O
search	O
for	O
interesting	O
newsgroups	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Minuet	B-Protocol
also	O
comes	O
with	O
a	O
built-in	O
Gopher	B-Protocol
client	I-Protocol
.	O
</s>
<s>
Minuet	B-Protocol
is	O
one	O
of	O
the	O
first	O
programs	O
to	O
have	O
a	O
graphical	O
tree-structured	O
approach	O
to	O
FTP	B-Protocol
.	O
</s>
<s>
At	O
the	O
time	O
,	O
most	O
FTP	B-Protocol
clients	I-Protocol
required	O
an	O
almost	O
endless	O
sequence	O
of	O
"	O
cd	B-Application
"	O
,	O
"	O
ls	B-Application
"	O
commands	O
to	O
browse	O
servers	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
its	O
last	O
version	O
1.0	O
Beta	O
18A	O
from	O
1994	O
,	O
Minuet	B-Protocol
also	O
includes	O
a	O
WWW	O
browser	O
for	O
the	O
very	O
first	O
time	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
However	O
,	O
it	O
is	O
only	O
HTTP/1.0	B-Protocol
-compliant	O
,	O
renders	O
web	O
sites	O
in	O
a	O
pre-HTML	O
2.0	O
standard	O
and	O
therefore	O
comes	O
with	O
no	O
web	O
form	O
or	O
table	O
support	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Later	O
common	O
web	O
browser	O
features	O
such	O
as	O
JavaScript	B-Language
,	O
CSS	B-Language
or	O
proxy	B-Application
server	I-Application
support	O
are	O
not	O
present	O
in	O
this	O
version	O
either	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Enabling	O
the	O
graphical	O
mode	O
,	O
however	O
,	O
allows	O
Minuet	B-Protocol
to	O
directly	O
render	O
GIF	O
and	O
JPEG	O
images	O
in	O
HTML	B-Language
documents	O
,	O
which	O
is	O
a	O
superior	O
feature	O
compared	O
to	O
other	O
DOS-based	O
WWW	O
browsers	O
of	O
the	O
time	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Unfortunately	O
,	O
SLIP	B-Protocol
drivers	O
of	O
the	O
time	O
were	O
poor	O
—	O
hard	O
to	O
configure	O
,	O
difficult	O
to	O
test	O
,	O
missing	O
important	O
features	O
like	O
dialing	O
,	O
and	O
often	O
not	O
using	O
all	O
of	O
the	O
buffering	O
features	O
of	O
the	O
serial	O
port	O
chips	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Consequently	O
,	O
the	O
Minuet	B-Protocol
team	O
developed	O
a	O
SLIP	B-Protocol
driver	O
and	O
dial-up	O
program	O
.	O
</s>
