<s>
A	O
minilab	B-Application
is	O
a	O
small	O
photographic	O
developing	O
and	O
printing	O
system	O
or	O
machine	O
,	O
as	O
opposed	O
to	O
large	O
centralized	O
photo	O
developing	O
labs	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Many	O
retail	O
stores	O
use	O
film	O
or	O
digital	O
minilabs	B-Application
to	O
provide	O
on-site	O
photo	O
finishing	O
services	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
With	O
the	O
increase	O
in	O
popularity	O
of	O
digital	B-Application
photography	I-Application
,	O
the	O
demand	O
for	O
film	O
development	O
has	O
decreased	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
This	O
means	O
that	O
the	O
larger	O
labs	O
capable	O
of	O
processing	O
30,000	O
-40	O
,	O
000	O
films	O
a	O
day	O
are	O
going	O
out	O
of	O
business	O
,	O
and	O
more	O
retailers	O
are	O
installing	O
minilabs	B-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
Kodak	O
and	O
Agfa	O
minilabs	B-Application
,	O
films	O
are	O
processed	O
using	O
C41b	O
chemistry	O
and	O
the	O
paper	O
is	O
processed	O
using	O
RA-4	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
A	O
typical	O
minilab	B-Application
consists	O
of	O
two	O
machines	O
,	O
a	O
film	O
processor	O
and	O
a	O
paper	O
printer/processor	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
addition	O
,	O
some	O
digital	O
minilabs	B-Application
are	O
also	O
equipped	O
with	O
photo-ordering	O
kiosks	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Despite	O
their	O
small	O
size	O
,	O
minilab	B-Application
machines	O
may	O
use	O
chemical	O
processing	O
just	O
like	O
larger	O
dedicated	O
photo	O
processing	O
labs	O
,	O
using	O
processes	O
such	O
as	O
CP-49E	O
or	O
RA-4	O
for	O
photographic	O
paper	O
processing	O
,	O
and	O
C-41	O
for	O
film	O
processing	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Minilab	B-Application
machines	O
were	O
used	O
in	O
stores	O
to	O
perform	O
film	O
processing	O
and	O
printing	O
in	O
a	O
short	O
period	O
of	O
time	O
,	O
usually	O
less	O
than	O
one	O
hour	O
from	O
start	O
of	O
film	O
development	O
to	O
the	O
end	O
of	O
printing	O
,	O
partly	O
because	O
it	O
eliminated	O
the	O
need	O
to	O
send	O
rolls	O
of	O
film	O
and	O
printed	O
photos	O
to	O
and	O
from	O
a	O
large	O
central	O
photo	O
processing	O
lab	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
A	O
minilab	B-Application
is	O
typically	O
a	O
Roller	O
Transport	O
processor	O
,	O
where	O
the	O
film	O
follows	O
a	O
serpentine	O
path	O
over	O
many	O
rollers	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
A	O
single	O
minilab	B-Application
can	O
be	O
built	O
to	O
allow	O
many	O
different	O
film	O
widths	O
in	O
one	O
device	O
,	O
from	O
APS	O
films	O
to	O
professional	O
wide	O
format	O
films	O
,	O
using	O
a	O
flexible	O
leader	O
to	O
pull	O
the	O
film	O
through	O
the	O
mechanism	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
An	O
example	O
of	O
a	O
film	O
processor	O
minilab	B-Application
is	O
the	O
Noritsu	O
QSF	O
series	O
of	O
machines	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
light-sensitive	O
photographic	O
paper	O
stock	O
can	O
be	O
contained	O
within	O
light-tight	O
packaging	O
so	O
that	O
the	O
minilab	B-Application
operator	O
only	O
needs	O
to	O
remove	O
the	O
old	O
empty	O
paper	O
container	O
and	O
insert	O
a	O
full	O
one	O
,	O
without	O
needing	O
to	O
darken	O
the	O
room	O
to	O
prevent	O
paper	O
exposure	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Older	O
minilab	B-Application
printers	O
are	O
analog	O
(	O
optical	O
)	O
and	O
directly	O
expose	O
the	O
paper	O
by	O
shining	O
light	O
through	O
the	O
film	O
and	O
into	O
the	O
paper	O
using	O
an	O
optical	O
enlarger	O
,	O
before	O
developing	O
the	O
paper	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Newer	O
minilab	B-Application
printers	O
are	O
digital	O
and	O
first	O
scan	O
the	O
film	O
,	O
whose	O
pictures	O
may	O
then	O
be	O
digitally	O
corrected	O
before	O
being	O
sent	O
off	O
to	O
the	O
printer	O
,	O
which	O
may	O
either	O
expose	O
the	O
paper	O
using	O
lasers	O
and	O
then	O
develop	O
the	O
paper	O
,	O
or	O
be	O
"	O
dry	O
"	O
and	O
essentially	O
be	O
a	O
large	O
inkjet	O
printer	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Those	O
that	O
develop	O
the	O
paper	O
are	O
known	O
as	O
Silver	O
halide	O
printers	O
or	O
minilabs	B-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
Dry	O
inkjet	O
minilabs	B-Application
are	O
slower	O
than	O
their	O
wet	O
silver	O
halide	O
counterparts	O
but	O
consume	O
less	O
power	O
,	O
in	O
part	O
because	O
dry	O
minilabs	B-Application
do	O
not	O
need	O
power	O
to	O
keep	O
the	O
development	O
chemicals	O
warm	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Some	O
minilabs	B-Application
may	O
use	O
light	O
valves	O
instead	O
of	O
lasers	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Many	O
minilabs	B-Application
use	O
DPSS	O
lasers	O
while	O
others	O
use	O
laser	O
diodes	O
to	O
generate	O
the	O
laser	O
beams	O
,	O
or	O
may	O
use	O
both	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Due	O
to	O
this	O
Minilabs	B-Application
may	O
use	O
a	O
variant	O
of	O
Grey	O
Component	O
Removal	O
(	O
GCR	O
)	O
to	O
minimize	O
exposure	O
to	O
laser	O
light	O
when	O
printing	O
shadows	O
but	O
not	O
when	O
printing	O
solid	O
colors	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Printers	O
making	O
use	O
of	O
this	O
process	O
can	O
make	O
prints	O
of	O
images	O
that	O
have	O
been	O
scanned	O
using	O
the	O
printer	O
's	O
built-in	O
CCD	O
scanner	O
,	O
images	O
that	O
are	O
in	O
CDs	O
,	O
3.25	O
inch	O
floppy	O
disks	O
,	O
ZIP	O
disks	O
or	O
memory	B-Device
cards	I-Device
.	O
</s>
<s>
More	O
recent	O
(	O
~	O
2005	O
)	O
minilabs	B-Application
may	O
also	O
function	O
as	O
network	O
printers	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Digital	O
wet	O
laser	O
minilabs	B-Application
work	O
in	O
the	O
following	O
way	O
:	O
The	O
paper	O
is	O
pulled	O
from	O
a	O
light-tight	O
box	O
called	O
a	O
"	O
magazine	O
"	O
containing	O
a	O
roll	O
of	O
paper	O
and	O
cut	O
into	O
sheets	O
,	O
or	O
sheet	O
paper	O
may	O
be	O
used	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
minilab	B-Application
contains	O
filters	O
and	O
heaters	O
for	O
the	O
chemicals	O
,	O
and	O
it	O
discards	O
used	O
chemicals	O
into	O
a	O
separate	O
,	O
single	O
bottle	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Minilabs	B-Application
may	O
contain	O
2	O
or	O
4	O
magazines	O
,	O
each	O
with	O
a	O
paper	O
roll	O
of	O
different	O
width	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Some	O
minilabs	B-Application
have	O
trays	O
that	O
move	O
down	O
;	O
as	O
the	O
prints	O
are	O
made	O
they	O
are	O
ejected	O
from	O
the	O
machine	O
;	O
then	O
a	O
conveyor	O
belt	O
moves	O
the	O
prints	O
sideways	O
towards	O
the	O
tray	O
,	O
depositing	O
them	O
onto	O
it	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Other	O
minilabs	B-Application
may	O
use	O
other	O
mechanisms	O
to	O
categorize	O
prints	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
An	O
example	O
of	O
a	O
digital	O
minilab	B-Application
silver	O
halide	O
printer	O
is	O
the	O
Noritsu	O
QSS	O
series	O
of	O
machines	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
first	O
minilab	B-Application
,	O
the	O
QSS-1	O
(	O
Quick	O
Service	O
System	O
1	O
)	O
was	O
introduced	O
by	O
Noritsu	O
in	O
1976	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
2002	O
Noritsu	O
introduced	O
the	O
first	O
dry	O
minilab	B-Application
,	O
using	O
Epson	O
's	O
seven	O
color	O
inkjet	O
piezoelectric	O
printing	O
head	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
1996	O
Fujifilm	O
released	O
the	O
first	O
digital	O
minilab	B-Application
,	O
the	O
Frontier	O
1000	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Analog	O
silver	O
halide	O
minilabs	B-Application
were	O
replaced	O
by	O
Digital	O
laser	O
silver	O
halide	O
minilabs	B-Application
,	O
which	O
were	O
replaced	O
by	O
dry	O
inkjet	O
minilabs	B-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
Dry	O
minilabs	B-Application
used	O
to	O
be	O
more	O
expensive	O
to	O
run	O
than	O
their	O
wet	O
counterparts	O
,	O
but	O
that	O
situation	O
reversed	O
in	O
2013	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Minilab	B-Application
Factory	O
GmbH	O
took	O
over	O
the	O
renowned	O
minilab	B-Application
branch	O
of	O
Agfa	O
in	O
2006	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Subsequently	O
,	O
the	O
minilab	B-Application
related	O
assets	O
were	O
sold	O
to	O
the	O
newly	O
formed	O
San	O
Marco	O
Imaging	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Noritsu	O
were	O
for	O
a	O
short	O
time	O
manufacturing	O
all	O
of	O
Fuji	O
's	O
minilab	B-Application
equipment	O
until	O
they	O
discontinued	O
production	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Fujifilm	O
's	O
inkjet	O
minilab	B-Application
or	O
dry	O
lab	O
products	O
are	O
sourced	O
from	O
Noritsu	O
and	O
increasingly	O
from	O
Epson	O
who	O
also	O
supplies	O
the	O
older	O
type	O
print	O
head	O
to	O
Noritsu	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
A	O
digital	O
minilab	B-Application
is	O
a	O
computer	O
printer	O
that	O
uses	O
traditional	O
chemical	O
photographic	O
processes	O
to	O
make	O
prints	O
from	O
digital	B-Algorithm
images	I-Algorithm
.	O
</s>
<s>
Photographs	O
are	O
input	O
to	O
the	O
digital	O
minilab	B-Application
using	O
a	O
built-in	O
film	O
scanner	O
that	O
captures	O
images	O
from	O
negative	O
and	O
positive	O
photographic	O
films	O
(	O
including	O
mounted	O
slides	O
)	O
,	O
flatbed	O
scanners	B-Application
,	O
a	O
kiosk	O
that	O
accepts	O
CD-ROMs	B-Device
or	O
memory	B-Device
cards	I-Device
from	O
a	O
digital	B-Device
camera	I-Device
,	O
or	O
a	O
website	O
that	O
accepts	O
uploads	B-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
A	O
set	O
of	O
scanning	O
and	O
modulated	O
laser	O
beams	O
,	O
LCD/LED	O
,	O
or	O
Micro	O
Light	O
Valve	O
Array	O
(	O
MLVA	O
)	O
then	O
exposes	O
photographic	O
paper	O
with	O
the	O
image	O
,	O
which	O
is	O
then	O
processed	O
by	O
the	O
minilab	B-Application
just	O
as	O
if	O
it	O
had	O
been	O
exposed	O
from	O
a	O
negative	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
price	O
of	O
a	O
digital	O
minilab	B-Application
can	O
reach	O
up	O
to	O
$	O
250,000	O
USD	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
A	O
minilab	B-Application
,	O
such	O
as	O
a	O
Doli	O
DL	O
1210	O
has	O
a	O
print	O
resolution	O
of	O
520dpi	O
,	O
accepts	O
BMP	B-Device
,	O
JPEG	O
,	O
and	O
TIFF	O
formats	O
,	O
and	O
can	O
print	O
up	O
to	O
8in	O
by	O
12in	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Digital	O
minilabs	B-Application
are	O
generally	O
too	O
expensive	O
for	O
typical	O
home	O
use	O
,	O
but	O
many	O
retailers	O
purchase	O
or	O
lease	O
them	O
to	O
offer	O
photo	O
printing	O
services	O
to	O
their	O
customers	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
A	O
new	O
type	O
of	O
minilab	B-Application
is	O
the	O
dry	O
lab	O
,	O
which	O
does	O
not	O
require	O
the	O
use	O
of	O
developer	O
or	O
fixer	O
chemicals	O
,	O
and	O
does	O
not	O
require	O
moistening	O
and	O
then	O
drying	O
of	O
the	O
print	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
This	O
allows	O
them	O
to	O
be	O
installed	O
in	O
smaller	O
retail	O
stores	O
,	O
print	O
shops	O
,	O
and	O
resort/tourist	O
locations	O
that	O
could	O
not	O
justify	O
an	O
expensive	O
,	O
high	O
throughput	O
,	O
wet	O
minilab	B-Application
.	O
</s>
