<s>
The	O
Mini	B-Protocol
DisplayPort	I-Protocol
(	O
MiniDP	B-Protocol
or	O
mDP	O
)	O
is	O
a	O
miniaturized	O
and	O
less	O
common	O
version	O
of	O
the	O
DisplayPort	B-Protocol
audio-visual	O
digital	O
interface	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
was	O
announced	O
by	O
Apple	O
in	O
October	O
2008	O
,	O
and	O
by	O
early	O
2013	O
all	O
new	O
Apple	O
Macintosh	O
computers	O
had	O
Mini	B-Protocol
DisplayPort	I-Protocol
,	O
as	O
did	O
the	O
LED	O
Cinema	O
Display	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
Mini	B-Protocol
DisplayPort	I-Protocol
is	O
also	O
fitted	O
to	O
some	O
PC	O
motherboards	O
,	O
video	O
cards	O
,	O
and	O
some	O
PC	O
notebooks	O
from	O
Asus	O
,	O
Microsoft	O
,	O
MSI	O
,	O
Lenovo	O
,	O
Toshiba	O
,	O
HP	O
,	O
Dell	O
,	O
and	O
other	O
manufacturers	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Apple	O
offers	O
a	O
free	O
license	O
for	O
the	O
Mini	B-Protocol
DisplayPort	I-Protocol
but	O
they	O
reserve	O
the	O
right	O
to	O
cancel	O
the	O
license	O
should	O
the	O
licensee	O
"	O
commence	O
an	O
action	O
for	O
patent	O
infringement	O
against	O
Apple	O
"	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Unlike	O
its	O
Mini-DVI	B-Protocol
and	O
Micro-DVI	B-Protocol
predecessors	O
,	O
the	O
Mini	B-Protocol
DisplayPort	I-Protocol
can	O
drive	O
display	O
devices	O
with	O
resolutions	O
up	O
to	O
2560×1600	O
(	O
WQXGA	O
)	O
in	O
its	O
DisplayPort	B-Protocol
1.1a	O
implementation	O
,	O
and	O
4096×2160	B-Architecture
(	O
4K	B-Architecture
)	O
in	O
its	O
DisplayPort	B-Protocol
1.2	O
implementation	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
With	O
an	O
adapter	O
,	O
the	O
Mini	B-Protocol
DisplayPort	I-Protocol
can	O
drive	O
display	O
devices	O
with	O
VGA	B-Protocol
,	O
DVI	B-Protocol
,	O
or	O
HDMI	B-Protocol
interfaces	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Apple	O
replaced	O
the	O
DVI	B-Protocol
port	I-Protocol
from	O
the	O
MacBook	B-Device
,	O
MacBook	B-Device
Air	I-Device
,	O
MacBook	B-Device
Pro	I-Device
,	O
iMac	B-Device
,	O
Mac	B-Device
Mini	I-Device
,	O
and	O
the	O
Mac	B-Device
Pro	I-Device
with	O
the	O
Mini	B-Protocol
DisplayPort	I-Protocol
.	O
</s>
<s>
Mini	B-Protocol
DisplayPort	I-Protocol
's	O
HDCP	B-Protocol
extension	O
disables	O
playback	O
of	O
certain	O
DRM-encrypted	O
content	O
on	O
any	O
display	O
not	O
designed	O
for	O
it	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
This	O
includes	O
some	O
content	O
from	O
the	O
iTunes	O
Store	O
which	O
has	O
no	O
such	O
restrictions	O
if	O
played	O
on	O
a	O
Mac	O
without	O
Mini	B-Protocol
DisplayPort	I-Protocol
.	O
</s>
<s>
Apple	O
's	O
Dual-Link	B-Protocol
DVI	I-Protocol
or	O
VGA	B-Protocol
adapters	I-Protocol
are	O
relatively	O
large	O
and	O
expensive	O
compared	O
to	O
past	O
adapters	O
,	O
and	O
customers	O
have	O
reported	O
problems	O
with	O
them	O
,	O
such	O
as	O
being	O
unable	O
to	O
connect	O
to	O
an	O
external	O
display	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Monitors	O
connected	O
to	O
a	O
Mini	B-Protocol
DisplayPort	I-Protocol
via	O
these	O
adaptors	O
may	O
have	O
resolution	O
problems	O
or	O
not	O
"	O
wake	O
up	O
"	O
from	O
sleep	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
While	O
the	O
DisplayPort	B-Protocol
specification	O
can	O
support	O
digital	O
audio	O
,	O
the	O
older	O
2009	O
line	O
of	O
MacBooks	B-Device
,	O
MacBook	B-Device
Pros	I-Device
,	O
and	O
Mac	B-Device
Minis	I-Device
cannot	O
provide	O
an	O
audio	O
signal	O
through	O
the	O
Mini	B-Protocol
DisplayPort	I-Protocol
,	O
and	O
only	O
do	O
so	O
over	O
USB	O
,	O
Firewire	O
,	O
or	O
the	O
audio	O
line	O
out	O
port	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
(	O
The	O
April	O
2010	O
line	O
of	O
MacBook	B-Device
Pro	I-Device
,	O
Mid	O
2010	O
MacBook	B-Device
,	O
and	O
July	O
2010	O
iMac	B-Device
and	O
later	O
do	O
support	O
this	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
This	O
can	O
be	O
a	O
problem	O
for	O
users	O
who	O
want	O
to	O
connect	O
their	O
computers	O
to	O
HDTVs	O
using	O
a	O
Mini	B-Protocol
DisplayPort	I-Protocol
to	O
HDMI	B-Protocol
adapter	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
To	O
work	O
around	O
this	O
issue	O
,	O
some	O
third-party	O
manufacturers	O
have	O
created	O
dual	O
or	O
triple-headed	O
adapters	O
that	O
get	O
power	O
for	O
the	O
adapter	O
from	O
a	O
USB	O
port	O
,	O
video	O
from	O
the	O
Mini	B-Protocol
DisplayPort	I-Protocol
,	O
and	O
audio	O
from	O
either	O
the	O
USB	O
port	O
or	O
the	O
optical-out	O
port	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Either	O
option	O
terminates	O
with	O
a	O
single	O
female	O
HDMI	B-Protocol
connector	I-Protocol
,	O
thus	O
allowing	O
both	O
video	O
and	O
audio	O
to	O
be	O
channeled	O
over	O
the	O
single	O
HDMI	B-Protocol
cable	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
early	O
2009	O
,	O
VESA	O
announced	O
that	O
Mini	B-Protocol
DisplayPort	I-Protocol
would	O
be	O
included	O
in	O
the	O
upcoming	O
DisplayPort	B-Protocol
1.2	O
specification	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
the	O
fourth	O
quarter	O
of	O
2009	O
,	O
VESA	O
announced	O
that	O
the	O
Mini	B-Protocol
DisplayPort	I-Protocol
had	O
been	O
adopted	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
All	O
devices	O
using	O
the	O
Mini	B-Protocol
DisplayPort	I-Protocol
must	O
comply	O
with	O
the	O
1.1a	O
standard	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
On	O
7	O
January	O
2010	O
,	O
Toshiba	O
introduced	O
Satellite	O
Pro	O
S500	O
,	O
Tecra	O
M11	O
,	O
A11	O
and	O
S11	O
notebooks	O
featuring	O
Mini	B-Protocol
DisplayPort	I-Protocol
.	O
</s>
<s>
AMD	O
released	O
a	O
special	O
variant	O
of	O
its	O
Radeon	O
HD	O
5870	O
graphics	O
card	O
called	O
the	O
Radeon	O
HD	O
5870	O
Eyefinity	O
6	O
Edition	O
,	O
which	O
features	O
2GB	O
GDDR5	O
memory	O
,	O
higher	O
clock	O
speeds	O
than	O
the	O
original	O
card	O
,	O
and	O
six	O
Mini	B-Protocol
DisplayPort	I-Protocol
outputs	O
with	O
a	O
maximum	O
resolution	O
of	O
5760	O
×	O
2160	O
pixels	O
(	O
a	O
3×2	O
grid	O
of	O
1080p	O
displays	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
On	O
13	O
April	O
2010	O
,	O
Apple	O
added	O
support	O
for	O
audio	O
out	O
using	O
Mini	B-Protocol
DisplayPort	I-Protocol
in	O
their	O
MacBook	B-Device
Pro	I-Device
product	O
line	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
This	O
allows	O
users	O
to	O
easily	O
connect	O
their	O
Macbook	B-Device
Pros	I-Device
to	O
their	O
HDTVs	O
using	O
a	O
cable	O
adapting	O
Mini	B-Protocol
DisplayPort	I-Protocol
to	O
HDMI	B-Protocol
with	O
full	O
audio	O
and	O
video	O
functionality	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
On	O
5	O
May	O
2010	O
,	O
HP	O
announced	O
Envy	B-Device
14	O
and	O
Envy	B-Device
17	O
notebooks	O
with	O
Mini	B-Protocol
DisplayPort	I-Protocol
.	O
</s>
<s>
On	O
20	O
October	O
2010	O
,	O
Dell	O
announced	O
XPS	B-Device
14	O
,	O
15	O
,	O
and	O
17	O
notebooks	O
with	O
Mini	B-Protocol
DisplayPort	I-Protocol
.	O
</s>
<s>
On	O
24	O
February	O
2011	O
,	O
Apple	O
and	O
Intel	O
announced	O
Thunderbolt	B-Protocol
,	O
a	O
successor	O
to	O
Mini	B-Protocol
DisplayPort	I-Protocol
which	O
adds	O
support	O
for	O
PCI	O
Express	O
data	O
connections	O
while	O
maintaining	O
backwards	O
compatibility	O
with	O
Mini	O
DisplayPort-based	O
peripherals	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
On	O
17	O
May	O
2011	O
,	O
Lenovo	O
announced	O
the	O
ThinkPad	B-Operating_System
X1	I-Operating_System
notebook	O
with	O
Mini	B-Protocol
DisplayPort	I-Protocol
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
May	O
2011	O
,	O
Dell	O
released	O
the	O
XPS	B-Device
15z	O
notebook	O
with	O
Mini	B-Protocol
DisplayPort	I-Protocol
.	O
</s>
<s>
On	O
15	O
May	O
2012	O
,	O
Lenovo	O
announced	O
the	O
ThinkPad	B-Operating_System
notebooks	O
X1	B-Operating_System
Carbon	I-Operating_System
,	O
Helix	O
,	O
X230	O
,	O
L430	O
,	O
L530	O
,	O
T430s	O
,	O
T430	O
,	O
T530	O
,	O
W530	O
with	O
Mini	B-Protocol
DisplayPort	I-Protocol
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
2012	O
,	O
Intel	O
shipped	O
the	O
second	O
generation	O
Intel	B-Device
NUC	I-Device
of	O
which	O
the	O
top	O
model	O
with	O
an	O
i5	O
had	O
a	O
Mini	B-Protocol
DisplayPort	I-Protocol
and	O
the	O
top	O
i3	O
model	O
had	O
Thunderbolt	B-Protocol
through	O
a	O
Mini	B-Protocol
DisplayPort	I-Protocol
.	O
</s>
<s>
On	O
9	O
February	O
2013	O
,	O
Microsoft	O
released	O
the	O
Surface	B-Device
Tablet	I-Device
,	O
Surface	B-Device
Pro	I-Device
,	O
equipped	O
with	O
Windows	O
8	O
Pro	O
and	O
Mini	B-Protocol
DisplayPort	I-Protocol
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
June	O
2013	O
,	O
Intel	O
shipped	O
the	O
third-generation	O
Intel	B-Device
NUC	I-Device
with	O
both	O
Mini	O
HDMI	B-Protocol
and	O
Mini	B-Protocol
DisplayPort	I-Protocol
.	O
</s>
<s>
On	O
5	O
July	O
2013	O
,	O
Asus	O
announced	O
new	O
N	O
Series	O
laptops	O
N550	O
and	O
N750	O
with	O
both	O
HDMI	B-Protocol
and	O
Mini	B-Protocol
DisplayPort	I-Protocol
.	O
</s>
<s>
On	O
25	O
July	O
2013	O
,	O
Dell	O
announced	O
the	O
Precision	B-Operating_System
M3800	O
mobile	O
workstation	O
with	O
Mini	B-Protocol
DisplayPort	I-Protocol
.	O
</s>
<s>
On	O
8	O
August	O
2013	O
,	O
Dell	O
announced	O
the	O
Latitude	B-Operating_System
E7240	O
and	O
E7440	O
business	O
notebooks	O
with	O
Mini	B-Protocol
DisplayPort	I-Protocol
.	O
</s>
<s>
On	O
9	O
September	O
2013	O
,	O
Lenovo	O
announced	O
the	O
ThinkPad	B-Operating_System
X240s	O
,	O
L440	O
,	O
L540	O
,	O
T440	O
,	O
T440s	O
,	O
T440p	O
,	O
T540p	O
and	O
W540	O
with	O
Mini	B-Protocol
DisplayPort	I-Protocol
.	O
</s>
<s>
On	O
22	O
October	O
2013	O
,	O
Microsoft	O
released	O
the	O
Surface	B-Device
Pro	I-Device
2	I-Device
,	O
equipped	O
with	O
Windows	O
8.1	O
Pro	O
and	O
Mini	B-Protocol
DisplayPort	I-Protocol
.	O
</s>
<s>
On	O
20	O
June	O
2014	O
,	O
Microsoft	O
released	O
the	O
Surface	B-Device
Pro	I-Device
3	I-Device
with	O
Mini	B-Protocol
DisplayPort	I-Protocol
.	O
</s>
<s>
On	O
5	O
May	O
2015	O
,	O
Microsoft	O
released	O
the	O
Surface	B-Device
3	I-Device
with	O
Mini	B-Protocol
DisplayPort	I-Protocol
.	O
</s>
<s>
On	O
6	O
October	O
2015	O
,	O
Microsoft	O
released	O
the	O
Surface	B-Device
Book	I-Device
,	O
equipped	O
with	O
Windows	O
10	O
Pro	O
and	O
Mini	B-Protocol
DisplayPort	I-Protocol
.	O
</s>
<s>
On	O
10	O
October	O
2015	O
,	O
Microsoft	O
released	O
the	O
Surface	B-Device
Pro	I-Device
4	I-Device
,	O
equipped	O
with	O
Windows	O
10	O
Pro	O
and	O
Mini	B-Protocol
DisplayPort	I-Protocol
.	O
</s>
<s>
On	O
2	O
June	O
2016	O
,	O
Gigabyte	O
announced	O
the	O
Aero	O
14	O
with	O
Mini	B-Protocol
DisplayPort	I-Protocol
.	O
</s>
<s>
On	O
11	O
November	O
2016	O
,	O
ECS	O
Liva	O
released	O
the	O
Liva	O
Z	O
Mini	O
PC	O
with	O
Mini	B-Protocol
DisplayPort	I-Protocol
.	O
</s>
<s>
On	O
15	O
December	O
2016	O
,	O
Microsoft	O
released	O
the	O
Surface	B-Device
Studio	I-Device
with	O
Mini	B-Protocol
DisplayPort	I-Protocol
.	O
</s>
<s>
On	O
15	O
June	O
2017	O
,	O
Microsoft	O
released	O
the	O
Surface	B-Device
Laptop	I-Device
,	O
equipped	O
with	O
Windows	O
10	O
Pro	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
fifth-generation	B-Device
Surface	I-Device
Pro	I-Device
,	O
equipped	O
with	O
Windows	O
10	O
Pro	O
,	O
both	O
with	O
Mini	B-Protocol
DisplayPort	I-Protocol
.	O
</s>
<s>
On	O
16	O
October	O
2018	O
,	O
Microsoft	O
released	O
the	O
Surface	B-Device
Pro	I-Device
6	I-Device
,	O
equipped	O
with	O
Mini	B-Protocol
DisplayPort	I-Protocol
.	O
</s>
