<s>
The	O
Mindset	B-Device
,	O
released	O
in	O
spring	O
1984	O
,	O
is	O
an	O
Intel	O
80186-based	O
MS-DOS	B-Application
personal	B-Device
computer	I-Device
.	O
</s>
<s>
Unlike	O
other	O
IBM	O
PC	O
compatibles	O
of	O
the	O
time	O
,	O
it	O
has	O
custom	O
graphics	O
hardware	O
supporting	O
a	O
320x200	O
resolution	O
with	O
16	O
simultaneous	O
colors	O
(	O
chosen	O
from	O
a	O
512-shade	O
palette	O
)	O
and	O
hardware-accelerated	B-General_Concept
drawing	O
capabilities	O
,	O
including	O
a	O
blitter	B-General_Concept
,	O
allowing	O
it	O
to	O
update	O
the	O
screen	O
50	O
times	O
as	O
fast	O
as	O
an	O
IBM	O
standard	O
color	B-Device
graphics	I-Device
adapter	I-Device
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
is	O
conceptually	O
similar	O
to	O
the	O
more	O
successful	O
Amiga	B-Device
released	O
over	O
a	O
year	O
later	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Key	O
engineers	O
of	O
both	O
the	O
Amiga	B-Device
and	O
Mindset	B-Device
were	O
ex-Atari	O
,	O
Inc	O
.	O
employees	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Roger	O
Badertscher	O
was	O
head	O
of	O
Atari	O
,	O
Inc.	O
'	O
s	O
Home	O
Computer	O
Division	O
until	O
1982	O
when	O
he	O
resigned	O
in	O
order	O
to	O
set	O
up	O
a	O
new	O
company	O
to	O
produce	O
a	O
new	O
personal	B-Device
computer	I-Device
.	O
</s>
<s>
As	O
president	O
of	O
the	O
Mindset	B-Device
company	O
he	O
brought	O
a	O
number	O
of	O
Atari	O
engineers	O
with	O
him	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
most	O
computer	O
systems	O
of	O
the	O
era	O
,	O
the	O
CPU	B-General_Concept
is	O
used	O
to	O
create	O
graphics	O
by	O
drawing	O
bit	O
patterns	O
directly	O
into	O
memory	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
Mindset	B-Device
added	O
a	O
new	O
custom-designed	O
VLSI	O
vector	B-Operating_System
processor	I-Operating_System
to	O
handle	O
many	O
common	O
drawing	O
tasks	O
,	O
like	O
lines	O
or	O
filling	O
areas	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Instead	O
of	O
the	O
CPU	B-General_Concept
doing	O
all	O
of	O
this	O
work	O
by	O
changing	O
memory	O
directly	O
,	O
in	O
the	O
Mindset	B-Device
the	O
CPU	B-General_Concept
sets	O
up	O
those	O
instructions	O
and	O
then	O
hands	O
off	O
the	O
actual	O
bit	B-Algorithm
fiddling	I-Algorithm
to	O
the	O
separate	O
processor	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Badertscher	O
compared	O
the	O
chipset	O
to	O
the	O
Intel	B-Device
8087	I-Device
floating	B-General_Concept
point	I-General_Concept
processor	I-General_Concept
,	O
running	O
alongside	O
the	O
Intel	B-Device
80186	I-Device
on	O
which	O
the	O
machine	O
is	O
based	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
There	O
are	O
a	O
number	O
of	O
parallels	O
between	O
the	O
Mindset	B-Device
and	O
the	O
Amiga	B-Device
1000	I-Device
,	O
another	O
computer	O
designed	O
by	O
ex-Atari	O
engineers	O
that	O
offered	O
advanced	O
graphics	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
Mindset	B-Device
's	O
look	O
was	O
designed	O
by	O
Robert	O
Brunner	O
who	O
would	O
go	O
on	O
to	O
provide	O
design	O
and	O
direction	O
for	O
all	O
Apple	O
product	O
lines	O
from	O
1989-1997	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
His	O
distinctive	O
case	O
for	O
the	O
Mindset	B-Device
is	O
included	O
by	O
the	O
Museum	O
of	O
Modern	O
Art	O
,	O
New	O
York	O
,	O
in	O
its	O
permanent	O
collection	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
As	O
development	O
continued	O
and	O
it	O
became	O
clear	O
that	O
the	O
machine	O
would	O
be	O
ready	O
before	O
the	O
MS-DOS-based	O
Microsoft	B-Application
Windows	I-Application
1.0	I-Application
was	O
,	O
Bill	O
Gates	O
became	O
personally	O
involved	O
in	O
the	O
project	O
to	O
assist	O
Mindset	B-Device
in	O
emulating	B-Application
IBM	O
character	O
graphics	O
without	O
losing	O
performance	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Once	O
Mindset	B-Device
officials	O
determined	O
that	O
most	O
of	O
the	O
desirable	O
software	O
was	O
compatible	O
,	O
development	O
was	O
frozen	O
and	O
the	O
OS	O
burned	O
to	O
ROM	B-Device
in	O
late	O
1983	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
ROM	B-Device
does	O
not	O
run	O
about	O
20%	O
of	O
the	O
PC	O
software	O
base	O
,	O
including	O
Microsoft	B-Operating_System
Flight	I-Operating_System
Simulator	I-Operating_System
.	O
</s>
<s>
WordStar	B-Application
is	O
one	O
of	O
the	O
PC	O
applications	O
reported	O
to	O
run	O
,	O
and	O
Mindset	B-Device
publicized	O
a	O
list	O
of	O
60	O
applications	O
that	O
run	O
unmodified	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Before	O
its	O
release	O
,	O
in	O
early	O
1984	O
Jack	O
Tramiel	O
is	O
rumored	O
to	O
have	O
tried	O
to	O
buy	O
Mindset	B-Device
's	O
technology	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
before	O
ultimately	O
buying	O
Atari	O
and	O
designing	O
a	O
new	O
machine	O
from	O
off-the-shelf	O
parts	O
,	O
the	O
Atari	B-Device
ST	I-Device
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
Mindset	B-Device
was	O
released	O
on	O
2	O
May	O
1984	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
base	O
model	O
with	O
64K	O
RAM	O
and	O
no	O
floppy	B-Device
disk	I-Device
drive	I-Device
sold	O
for	O
US$1	O
,	O
099	O
,	O
a	O
128K	O
model	O
with	O
single	O
disk	O
was	O
available	O
for	O
$1	O
,	O
798	O
,	O
and	O
a	O
256K	O
dual-disk	O
version	O
cost	O
$	O
2,398	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
disk-less	O
version	O
of	O
the	O
machine	O
was	O
still	O
usable	O
,	O
as	O
the	O
system	O
also	O
included	O
two	O
ROM	B-Protocol
cartridge	I-Protocol
ports	O
on	O
the	O
front	O
of	O
the	O
machine	O
that	O
could	O
be	O
used	O
for	O
the	O
operating	B-General_Concept
system	I-General_Concept
and	O
another	O
program	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
canonical	O
cartridge	B-Protocol
is	O
an	O
extended	O
version	O
of	O
GW-BASIC	B-Language
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
machine	O
is	O
packaged	O
in	O
a	O
unique	O
enclosure	O
designed	O
by	O
GVO	O
of	O
Menlo	O
Park	O
,	O
visually	O
separated	O
into	O
two	O
sections	O
with	O
the	O
ROM	B-Device
slots	O
in	O
the	O
lower	O
half	O
and	O
the	O
optional	O
diskettes	B-Device
on	O
the	O
upper	O
half	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Mindset	B-Device
's	O
president	O
said	O
its	O
graphics	O
capabilities	O
were	O
unmatched	O
except	O
on	O
US$	O
50,000	O
workstations	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
At	O
the	O
time	O
it	O
garnered	O
critical	O
acclaim	O
,	O
with	O
reviewers	O
universally	O
praising	O
its	O
graphics	O
and	O
overall	O
performance	O
which	O
was	O
much	O
faster	O
than	O
contemporary	O
PCs	B-Device
.	O
</s>
<s>
By	O
1985	O
,	O
when	O
it	O
was	O
clear	O
the	O
system	O
was	O
not	O
living	O
up	O
to	O
its	O
promise	O
and	O
Windows	B-Application
1.0	I-Application
was	O
a	O
flop	O
in	O
general	O
,	O
John	O
J	O
.	O
Anderson	O
published	O
a	O
review	O
of	O
the	O
system	O
decrying	O
that	O
the	O
personal	B-Device
computer	I-Device
market	O
was	O
beginning	O
to	O
value	O
compatibility	O
over	O
technology	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
Base	O
System	B-General_Concept
Unit	I-General_Concept
is	O
referred	O
to	O
as	O
Model	O
M1001	O
;	O
later	O
a	O
"	O
Mindset	B-Device
II	O
"	O
computer	O
was	O
released	O
,	O
a	O
badge	O
engineered	O
version	O
of	O
the	O
M1001	O
,	O
with	O
an	O
adhesive	O
label	O
designating	O
"	O
II	O
"	O
under	O
the	O
embossed	O
name	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Its	O
enhanced	O
functionality	O
is	O
not	O
totally	O
understood	O
-	O
but	O
from	O
the	O
"	O
Mindset	B-Device
II	O
Advanced	O
Professional	O
Videographics	O
System	O
"	O
user'a	O
guide	O
it	O
makes	O
mention	O
of	O
"	O
Chaining	O
"	O
two	O
Mindset	B-Device
's	O
:	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
Mindset	B-Device
II	O
is	O
referred	O
to	O
on	O
the	O
front	O
of	O
the	O
user	O
guide	O
as	O
Model#	O
M1500	O
,	O
however	O
other	O
internal	O
pages	O
reference	O
is	O
an	O
M1000-II	O
and	O
also	O
make	O
mention	O
of	O
Mindset	B-Device
Video	O
Production	O
Module	O
Model#	O
M1011	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
system	O
architecture	O
is	O
based	O
on	O
the	O
Intel	B-Device
80186	I-Device
,	O
with	O
proprietary	O
VLSI	O
chips	O
that	O
enhance	O
and	O
speed	O
up	O
the	O
graphics	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Although	O
it	O
is	O
disk	O
compatible	O
with	O
the	O
IBM	O
PC	O
's	O
DOS	B-Device
,	O
its	O
enhanced	O
graphics	O
capabilities	O
make	O
achieving	O
full	O
IBM	O
compatibility	O
more	O
difficult	O
than	O
its	O
competitors	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Bill	O
Gates	O
became	O
involved	O
with	O
development	O
,	O
assisting	O
Mindset	B-Device
in	O
emulating	B-Application
IBM	O
character	O
graphics	O
without	O
losing	O
performance	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Once	O
Mindset	B-Device
officials	O
determined	O
that	O
most	O
of	O
the	O
desirable	O
software	O
was	O
compatible	O
,	O
development	O
was	O
frozen	O
and	O
the	O
OS	O
burned	O
to	O
ROM	B-Device
,	O
which	O
locked	O
out	O
20%	O
of	O
the	O
PC	O
software	O
base	O
,	O
including	O
Microsoft	B-Operating_System
Flight	I-Operating_System
Simulator	I-Operating_System
.	O
</s>
<s>
WordStar	B-Application
is	O
one	O
of	O
the	O
PC	O
applications	O
reported	O
to	O
run	O
,	O
and	O
Mindset	B-Device
publicized	O
a	O
list	O
of	O
60	O
applications	O
that	O
run	O
unmodified	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Mindset	B-Device
's	O
design	O
is	O
modular	O
in	O
many	O
aspects	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
top	O
of	O
the	O
case	O
has	O
an	O
opening	O
to	O
access	O
its	O
system	B-Architecture
bus	I-Architecture
;	O
this	O
allows	O
for	O
the	O
expansion	O
module	O
to	O
plug	O
into	O
the	O
main	O
computer	O
module	O
to	O
add	O
memory	O
and	O
one	O
or	O
two	O
disk	O
drives	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
Mindset	B-Device
was	O
designed	O
by	O
several	O
ex-Atari	O
engineers	O
like	O
the	O
Amiga	B-Device
1000	I-Device
,	O
another	O
computer	O
of	O
the	O
era	O
with	O
an	O
advanced	O
graphics	O
subsystem	O
and	O
modular	O
expandability	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Jack	O
Tramiel	O
(	O
forming	O
Tramel	O
Technology	O
,	O
Ltd	O
.	O
)	O
tried	O
to	O
buy	O
Mindset	B-Device
's	O
technology	O
in	O
Spring	O
of	O
1984	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
A	O
dual	O
5.25	B-Device
"	I-Device
floppy	B-Device
drive	I-Device
module	O
that	O
sits	O
above	O
the	O
main	O
unit	O
was	O
available	O
and	O
part	O
of	O
the	O
common	O
sales	O
configuration	O
for	O
the	O
system	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Mindset	B-Device
has	O
dual	O
front-mounted	O
ROM	B-Protocol
cartridge	I-Protocol
ports	O
with	O
a	O
locking	O
knob	O
on	O
the	O
left	O
side	O
of	O
the	O
main	O
computer	O
module	O
to	O
lock	O
the	O
ROM	B-Device
modules	O
into	O
place	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
Mindset	B-Device
has	O
the	O
option	O
(	O
through	O
its	O
System	O
Configuration	O
Utility	O
)	O
to	O
be	O
able	O
to	O
select	O
whether	O
the	O
system	O
boots	O
from	O
left	O
or	O
right	O
ROM	B-Device
carts	O
,	O
or	O
disk	O
drive	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Cartridges	B-Protocol
can	O
also	O
contain	O
CMOS	B-Device
RAM	I-Device
,	O
which	O
is	O
retained	O
when	O
unplugged	O
by	O
a	O
battery	O
in	O
the	O
cartridge	B-Protocol
case	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Cartridges	B-Protocol
were	O
envisioned	O
to	O
be	O
a	O
primary	O
medium	O
for	O
software	O
distribution	O
on	O
the	O
Mindset	B-Device
,	O
but	O
sales	O
of	O
the	O
system	O
were	O
too	O
low	O
for	O
cartridges	B-Protocol
to	O
be	O
economical	O
,	O
and	O
software	O
was	O
distributed	O
on	O
disk	O
instead	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
While	O
released	O
in	O
1984	O
,	O
models	O
of	O
the	O
M1001	O
Mindset	B-Device
computer	I-Device
with	O
BIOS	O
ROM	B-Device
code	O
1.07	O
and	O
earlier	O
show	O
a	O
copyright	O
notice	O
of	O
(	O
c	O
)	O
1983	O
Mindset	B-Device
Computer	I-Device
Corp	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Only	O
one	O
video	O
game	O
has	O
been	O
released	O
for	O
the	O
Mindset	B-Device
:	O
</s>
