<s>
Midgard	B-Language
is	O
an	O
open	B-Application
source	I-Application
persistent	B-Application
storage	I-Application
framework	B-Protocol
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
provides	O
an	O
object-oriented	B-Language
and	O
replicated	B-Architecture
environment	O
for	O
building	O
data-intensive	O
applications	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Midgard	B-Language
also	O
ships	O
with	O
MidCOM	O
content	B-Protocol
management	I-Protocol
system	I-Protocol
(	O
CMS	O
)	O
built	O
on	O
the	O
Midgard	B-Language
framework	B-Protocol
.	O
</s>
<s>
MidCOM	O
's	O
features	O
include	O
web-based	O
authoring	O
WYSIWYG	B-Application
interfaces	O
and	O
a	O
component	B-Architecture
interface	I-Architecture
for	O
installing	O
additional	O
web	O
functionalities	O
,	O
including	O
wikis	B-Protocol
and	O
blogs	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Midgard	B-Language
is	O
built	O
on	O
the	O
GNOME	B-Application
stack	O
of	O
libraries	O
like	O
GLib	B-Language
and	O
libgda	O
,	O
and	O
has	O
language	O
bindings	O
for	O
C	B-Language
,	O
Python	B-Language
,	O
Objective-C	B-Language
and	O
PHP	B-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
Communications	B-Operating_System
between	O
applications	O
written	O
in	O
the	O
different	O
languages	O
happen	O
over	O
D-Bus	B-Language
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
CMS	O
functionalities	O
run	O
on	O
the	O
LAMP	B-Application
(	O
Linux	B-Application
,	O
Apache	B-Application
,	O
MySQL	B-Application
and	O
PHP	B-Application
)	O
platform	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Midgard	B-Language
can	O
also	O
be	O
used	O
with	O
PHPCR	O
,	O
the	O
PHP	B-Application
implementation	O
of	O
the	O
Java	B-Protocol
Content	I-Protocol
Repository	I-Protocol
standard	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
early	O
2000s	O
(	O
decade	O
)	O
there	O
was	O
also	O
a	O
pure-PHP	O
implementation	O
of	O
the	O
Midgard	B-Language
API	B-Application
called	O
Midgard	B-Language
Lite	I-Language
that	O
has	O
since	O
been	O
re-implemented	O
as	O
the	O
midgard-portable	O
project	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
project	O
follows	O
the	O
synchronized	O
,	O
6	O
month	O
release	O
cycle	O
that	O
is	O
implemented	O
by	O
several	O
major	O
open	B-Application
source	I-Application
projects	O
like	O
Ubuntu	B-Operating_System
and	O
GNOME	B-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
Especially	O
the	O
templating	O
and	O
page	O
composition	O
features	O
of	O
Midgard	B-Language
have	O
received	O
praise	O
,	O
earning	O
honorary	O
mentions	O
in	O
several	O
CMS	O
Watch	O
surveys	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
name	O
Midgard	B-Language
comes	O
from	O
Nordic	O
mythology	O
,	O
meaning	O
Middle	O
earth	O
,	O
the	O
world	O
of	O
humans	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Most	O
of	O
the	O
Midgard	B-Language
developer	O
community	O
comes	O
from	O
the	O
Baltic	O
region	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
project	O
has	O
been	O
referred	O
by	O
CMS	O
Watch	O
as	O
the	O
Hanseatic	O
League	O
of	O
Content	B-Protocol
Management	I-Protocol
.	O
</s>
<s>
Midgard	B-Language
Project	O
was	O
started	O
in	O
early	O
1998	O
by	O
Jukka	O
Zitting	O
and	O
Henri	O
Bergius	O
for	O
a	O
Finnish	O
historical	O
reenactment	O
organization	O
—	O
Harmaasudet	O
—	O
as	O
a	O
system	O
for	O
them	O
to	O
publish	O
their	O
material	O
online	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Since	O
the	O
organization	O
did	O
n't	O
have	O
resources	O
to	O
maintain	O
a	O
large	O
development	O
project	O
by	O
itself	O
,	O
the	O
open	B-Application
source	I-Application
model	O
was	O
chosen	O
for	O
creating	O
a	O
community	O
of	O
contributors	O
to	O
the	O
system	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
version	O
1.0	O
of	O
Midgard	B-Language
was	O
released	O
to	O
the	O
public	O
on	O
May	O
8	O
,	O
1999	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
One	O
of	O
the	O
first	O
adopters	O
was	O
Envida	O
,	O
a	O
Dutch	O
company	O
that	O
realized	O
the	O
potential	O
of	O
Midgard	B-Language
for	O
Web	O
hosting	O
purposes	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
First	O
proprietary	B-Application
application	I-Application
for	O
the	O
platform	O
was	O
Hong	O
Kong	O
Linux	B-Application
Center	O
(	O
HKLC	O
)	O
Nadmin	O
Studio	O
content	B-Protocol
management	I-Protocol
system	I-Protocol
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
early	O
2000s	O
(	O
decade	O
)	O
,	O
Midgard	B-Language
developers	O
participated	O
actively	O
in	O
OSCOM	O
,	O
the	O
collaborative	O
organization	O
for	O
open	B-Application
source	I-Application
content	B-Protocol
management	I-Protocol
systems	I-Protocol
.	O
</s>
<s>
Midgard	B-Language
also	O
featured	O
in	O
F.U.D.	O
,	O
the	O
Wyona	O
Pictures	O
documentary	O
about	O
OSCOM	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
First	O
application	O
not	O
connected	O
with	O
content	B-Protocol
management	I-Protocol
was	O
Nemein.Net	O
,	O
</s>
<s>
a	O
Professional	O
Services	O
Automation	O
application	O
released	O
in	O
2002	O
by	O
Nemein	O
,	O
a	O
Finnish	O
Midgard	B-Language
company	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
May	O
2004	O
the	O
Nemein.Net	O
suite	O
was	O
renamed	O
to	O
OpenPSA	O
and	O
released	O
under	O
Open	B-Application
Source	I-Application
licensing	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
By	O
2009	O
,	O
some	O
social	O
web	O
services	O
,	O
like	O
Qaiku	O
have	O
also	O
adopted	O
Midgard	B-Language
as	O
their	O
content	B-Protocol
management	I-Protocol
platform	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
also	O
runs	O
in	O
organizations	O
like	O
Helsinki	O
University	O
of	O
Technology	O
and	O
Maemo	B-Operating_System
.	O
</s>
<s>
e-commerce	O
implementations	O
with	O
Midgard	B-Language
include	O
the	O
Movie-TV	O
online	O
video	O
rental	O
service	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Midgard	B-Language
has	O
seen	O
some	O
non-Web	O
use	O
also	O
,	O
including	O
providing	O
synchronization	O
with	O
the	O
Tomboy	B-Language
note-taking	O
application	O
for	O
Linux	B-Application
desktop	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
addition	O
to	O
regular	O
content	B-Protocol
management	I-Protocol
,	O
Midgard	B-Language
is	O
seeing	O
use	O
in	O
special	O
web	O
application	O
scenarios	O
like	O
Lufthansa	O
's	O
system	O
for	O
managing	O
global	O
marketing	O
budgets	O
and	O
HP	O
's	O
client	O
documentation	O
system	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
Midgard	B-Language
content	O
repository	O
library	O
entered	O
the	O
Debian	O
distribution	O
in	O
November	O
2010	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Some	O
parts	O
of	O
the	O
history	O
of	O
Midgard	B-Language
are	O
recounted	O
in	O
the	O
book	O
Open	O
Advice	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
Midgard	B-Language
core	B-Library
libraries	I-Library
and	O
the	O
MidCOM	O
CMS	O
are	O
distributed	O
under	O
the	O
GNU	B-Application
Lesser	I-Application
General	I-Application
Public	I-Application
License	I-Application
(	O
LGPL	B-Application
)	O
,	O
a	O
license	O
which	O
permits	O
the	O
software	O
to	O
be	O
freely	O
used	O
so	O
long	O
as	O
it	O
is	O
dynamically	O
linked	O
or	O
the	O
user	O
can	O
relink	O
it	O
to	O
new	O
versions	O
of	O
the	O
libraries	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
This	O
is	O
the	O
same	O
license	O
used	O
by	O
the	O
GNU	B-Language
C	I-Language
Library	I-Language
.	I-Language
</s>
<s>
This	O
licensing	O
scheme	O
qualifies	O
Midgard	B-Language
as	O
free	B-Application
software	I-Application
developed	O
with	O
an	O
open	B-Application
source	I-Application
model	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Applications	O
developed	O
using	O
the	O
Midgard	B-Language
application	B-Application
programming	I-Application
interfaces	I-Application
(	O
API	B-Application
)	O
can	O
be	O
copyrighted	O
and	O
licensed	O
under	O
any	O
terms	O
by	O
their	O
authors	O
,	O
enabling	O
creation	O
of	O
commercial	O
products	O
and	O
services	O
based	O
on	O
the	O
platform	O
.	O
</s>
