<s>
Microsoft	B-Application
Visual	I-Application
Studio	I-Application
Express	I-Application
is	O
a	O
set	O
of	O
integrated	B-Application
development	I-Application
environments	I-Application
(	O
IDEs	O
)	O
that	O
Microsoft	O
developed	O
and	O
released	B-License
free	I-License
of	I-License
charge	I-License
.	O
</s>
<s>
They	O
are	O
function-limited	O
version	O
of	O
the	O
non-free	O
Visual	B-Application
Studio	I-Application
and	O
require	O
mandatory	O
registration	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Express	O
editions	O
started	O
with	O
Visual	B-Application
Studio	I-Application
2005	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
2013	O
,	O
Microsoft	O
began	O
supplanting	O
Visual	B-Application
Studio	I-Application
Express	I-Application
with	O
the	O
more	O
feature-rich	O
community	O
edition	O
of	O
Visual	B-Application
Studio	I-Application
,	O
which	O
is	O
available	O
free	O
of	O
charge	O
with	O
a	O
different	O
license	O
that	O
disallow	O
some	O
scenarios	O
in	O
enterprise	O
settings	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Visual	B-Application
Studio	I-Application
2005	I-Application
Express	I-Application
,	O
the	O
first	O
version	O
of	O
the	O
Express	O
edition	O
,	O
was	O
released	O
in	O
October	O
2005	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
runs	O
on	O
Windows	B-Application
2000	I-Application
SP4	I-Application
and	O
later	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
This	O
version	O
is	O
freeware	B-License
and	O
requires	O
no	O
registration	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Visual	B-Application
Studio	I-Application
2008	I-Application
Express	I-Application
reached	O
general	O
availability	O
in	O
November	O
2007	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
This	O
version	O
requires	O
Windows	B-Application
XP	I-Application
SP3	O
,	O
although	O
it	O
can	O
develop	O
apps	O
compatible	O
with	O
Windows	B-Application
2000	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
Visual	B-Application
Studio	I-Application
2010	O
Express	O
was	O
released	O
in	O
April	O
2010	O
,	O
alongside	O
Visual	B-Application
Studio	I-Application
2010	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
While	O
most	O
of	O
its	O
components	O
(	O
see	O
below	O
)	O
ran	O
on	O
Windows	B-Application
XP	I-Application
,	O
its	O
Windows	B-Protocol
Phone	I-Protocol
component	O
needed	O
Windows	B-Application
Vista	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
2005	O
,	O
2008	O
,	O
and	O
2010	O
versions	O
of	O
Visual	B-Application
Studio	I-Application
Express	I-Application
consist	O
of	O
several	O
standalone	O
IDEs	O
,	O
each	O
of	O
which	O
is	O
focused	O
on	O
a	O
single	O
programming	O
language	O
:	O
</s>
<s>
Visual	B-Language
Basic	I-Language
Express	O
has	O
the	O
following	O
limitations	O
:	O
</s>
<s>
Visual	B-Language
Basic	I-Language
2008	O
Express	O
includes	O
the	O
following	O
improvements	O
over	O
2005	O
:	O
</s>
<s>
Visual	B-Language
Basic	I-Language
2005	I-Language
and	O
Visual	B-Language
Basic	I-Language
2008	O
Express	O
feature	O
a	O
Visual	B-Language
Basic	I-Language
6.0	O
converter	O
that	O
makes	O
it	O
possible	O
to	O
upgrade	O
Visual	B-Language
Basic	I-Language
6.0	O
projects	O
to	O
Visual	B-Language
Basic.NET	I-Language
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
converter	O
is	O
not	O
included	O
with	O
the	O
Visual	B-Language
Basic	I-Language
2010	O
Express	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Visual	O
Web	O
Developer	O
Express	O
is	O
a	O
freeware	B-License
web	O
development	O
tool	O
that	O
allows	O
developers	O
to	O
evaluate	O
the	O
web	O
development	O
and	O
editing	O
capabilities	O
of	O
the	O
other	O
Visual	B-Application
Studio	I-Application
editions	O
at	O
no	O
charge	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Its	O
main	O
function	O
is	O
to	O
create	O
ASP.NET	B-Application
websites	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
has	O
a	O
WYSIWYG	B-Application
interface	O
,	O
drag-and-drop	O
user	O
interface	O
designer	O
,	O
enhanced	O
HTML	B-Language
and	O
code	O
editors	O
,	O
a	O
limited	O
database	O
explorer	O
,	O
support	O
for	O
CSS	B-Language
,	O
JavaScript	B-Language
and	O
XML	B-Protocol
,	O
and	O
integrated	O
,	O
design-time	O
validation	O
for	O
standards	O
including	O
XHTML	O
1.0/1.1	O
and	O
CSS	B-Language
2.1	I-Language
.	O
</s>
<s>
Visual	O
Web	O
Developer	O
2008	O
Express	O
SP1	O
supports	O
both	O
class	O
library	O
and	O
web	B-Application
application	I-Application
projects	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
also	O
includes	O
a	O
new	O
integrated	O
HTML	B-Language
designer	O
based	O
on	O
Microsoft	B-Application
Expression	I-Application
Web	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
Visual	B-Application
C++	I-Application
Express	O
compiles	O
.NET	B-Application
and	O
Win32	B-Library
applications	O
in	O
32-bit	O
only	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
includes	O
Windows	B-Application
SDK	I-Application
's	O
compilers	O
and	O
core	O
files	O
,	O
which	O
developers	O
can	O
use	O
to	O
build	O
Win32	B-Library
applications	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Limitations	O
of	O
Visual	B-Application
C++	I-Application
Express	O
:	O
</s>
<s>
No	O
support	O
for	O
MFC	B-Language
or	O
ATL	B-Language
.	O
</s>
<s>
These	O
libraries	O
can	O
,	O
however	O
,	O
be	O
installed	O
from	O
an	O
older	O
version	O
of	O
the	O
Windows	B-Application
SDK	I-Application
and	O
Windows	B-Application
Driver	I-Application
Kit	I-Application
,	O
or	O
a	O
Visual	B-Application
Studio	I-Application
Trial	O
installation	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Lack	O
of	O
a	O
resource	O
editor	O
,	O
which	O
is	O
available	O
in	O
commercial	O
editions	O
of	O
Visual	B-Application
Studio	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
No	O
support	O
for	O
cross-language	O
debugging	O
,	O
for	O
example	O
,	O
a	O
C#	B-Application
application	O
calling	O
a	O
C++	B-Language
DLL	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
No	O
out-of-box	O
support	O
for	O
developing	O
64-bit	B-Device
applications	O
(	O
prior	O
to	O
2012	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
While	O
Microsoft	O
lists	O
memory	O
windows	O
as	O
unavailable	O
in	O
Visual	B-Application
Studio	I-Application
2010	O
Express	O
,	O
third	O
parties	O
have	O
reported	O
that	O
they	O
are	O
available	O
when	O
Expert	O
Settings	O
are	O
enabled	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Many	O
open-source	O
projects	O
have	O
started	O
providing	O
project	O
files	O
created	O
with	O
Visual	B-Application
C++	I-Application
Express	O
;	O
noteworthy	O
examples	O
include	O
the	O
Ogre	B-Language
and	O
Irrlicht	B-Language
engines	I-Language
.	O
</s>
<s>
Modding	O
kits	O
for	O
commercial	O
engines	O
,	O
such	O
as	O
Valve	O
's	O
Source	B-Application
engine	I-Application
,	O
also	O
support	O
this	O
development	O
system	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Visual	O
C#	O
Express	O
is	O
a	O
free	O
,	O
lightweight	O
,	O
integrated	B-Application
development	I-Application
environment	I-Application
(	O
IDE	O
)	O
designed	O
for	O
novice	O
developers	O
,	O
students	O
and	O
hobbyists	O
to	O
create	O
applications	O
and	O
(	O
when	O
combined	O
with	O
the	O
XNA	B-Device
Game	I-Device
Studio	I-Device
)	O
video	O
games	O
for	O
Windows	O
,	O
Xbox	B-Operating_System
360	I-Operating_System
and	O
Zune	B-Library
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
can	O
build	O
console	B-Application
,	O
Windows	B-Application
Forms	I-Application
and	O
Windows	B-Device
Presentation	I-Device
Foundation	I-Device
applications	O
,	O
and	O
class	O
libraries	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Microsoft	O
has	O
found	O
that	O
a	O
substantial	O
community	O
of	O
game	O
players	O
are	O
taking	O
up	O
C#	B-Application
programming	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
limitations	O
effectively	O
reduce	O
the	O
refactoring	O
capabilities	O
of	O
Visual	O
C#	O
Express	O
to	O
renaming	O
and	O
extracting	O
methods	B-Language
.	O
</s>
<s>
According	O
to	O
Microsoft	O
,	O
the	O
reason	O
the	O
listed	O
features	O
are	O
absent	O
is	O
"	O
to	O
simplify	O
the	O
C#	B-Application
Express	O
user	O
experience	O
"	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
ability	O
to	O
attach	O
the	O
debugger	O
to	O
an	O
already-running	O
process	O
is	O
also	O
unavailable	O
,	O
hindering	O
scenarios	O
such	O
as	O
writing	O
Windows	O
services	O
and	O
re-attaching	O
a	O
debugger	O
under	O
ASP.NET	B-Application
when	O
errors	O
under	O
the	O
original	O
debugging	O
session	O
cause	O
breakpoints	O
to	O
be	O
ignored	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
For	O
example	O
,	O
a	O
web	O
solution	O
might	O
consist	O
of	O
a	O
web	B-Application
application	I-Application
project	O
and	O
a	O
couple	O
of	O
C#	B-Application
class-library	O
projects	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
This	O
change	O
was	O
made	O
to	O
reflect	O
the	O
wide	O
diversity	O
of	O
applications	O
available	O
for	O
the	O
web	O
and	O
the	O
new	O
WinRT	O
platform	O
used	O
on	O
Windows	B-Application
8	I-Application
and	O
Windows	B-Protocol
Phone	I-Protocol
8	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Microsoft	O
has	O
released	O
five	O
Visual	B-Application
Studio	I-Application
Express	I-Application
2012	O
products	O
:	O
</s>
<s>
Edition	O
Description	O
Desktop	O
OS	O
Server	O
OS	O
Visual	B-Application
Studio	I-Application
Express	I-Application
2012	O
for	O
Web	O
Allows	O
development	O
of	O
web	B-Application
applications	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
Includes	O
integrated	O
features	O
for	O
deploying	O
to	O
Microsoft	O
's	O
Windows	B-Application
Azure	I-Application
cloud	B-Architecture
computing	I-Architecture
platform	I-Architecture
.	O
</s>
<s>
Visual	B-Application
Studio	I-Application
Express	I-Application
2012	O
for	O
Windows	B-Application
8	I-Application
Allows	O
development	O
of	O
Metro-style	O
applications	O
for	O
Windows	B-Application
Store	I-Application
in	O
C#	B-Application
,	O
VB.NET	B-Language
,	O
C++	B-Language
and	O
JavaScript	B-Language
.	O
</s>
<s>
Note	O
:	O
This	O
edition	O
runs	O
only	O
on	O
Windows	B-Application
8	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
Windows	B-Application
8	I-Application
Visual	B-Application
Studio	I-Application
Express	I-Application
2012	O
for	O
Windows	O
Desktop	O
Allows	O
development	O
of	O
conventional	O
Windows	O
desktop	B-Application
applications	I-Application
in	O
C#	B-Application
,	O
VB.NET	B-Language
and	O
C++	B-Language
,	O
targeting	O
Windows	O
client	O
technologies	O
such	O
as	O
Windows	B-Device
Presentation	I-Device
Foundation	I-Device
(	O
WPF	O
)	O
,	O
Windows	B-Application
Forms	I-Application
,	O
and	O
the	O
Win32	B-Library
API	I-Library
.	O
</s>
<s>
Unlike	O
previous	O
Express	O
editions	O
,	O
it	O
has	O
built-in	O
support	O
for	O
compiling	O
64-bit	B-Device
applications	O
through	O
IDE	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Update	O
1	O
adds	O
support	O
for	O
Windows	B-Application
XP	I-Application
in	O
C++	B-Language
applications	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Visual	B-Application
Studio	I-Application
Team	O
Foundation	O
Server	O
Express	O
2012	O
Provides	O
source	B-Architecture
control	I-Architecture
,	O
work-item	O
tracking	O
,	O
application	O
lifecycle	O
management	O
and	O
build	B-Application
automation	I-Application
for	O
teams	O
of	O
up	O
to	O
five	O
developers	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Visual	B-Application
Studio	I-Application
Express	I-Application
2012	O
for	O
Windows	B-Protocol
Phone	I-Protocol
Consists	O
of	O
the	O
Windows	B-Protocol
Phone	I-Protocol
8	O
SDK	B-Application
that	O
enables	O
developing	O
applications	O
for	O
Windows	B-Protocol
Phone	I-Protocol
7.5	O
and	O
Windows	B-Protocol
Phone	I-Protocol
8	O
and	O
testing	O
them	O
on	O
an	O
emulator	B-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
Supports	O
C++	B-Language
,	O
.NET	B-Application
Framework	I-Application
and	O
DirectX	B-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
As	O
part	O
of	O
its	O
.NET	B-Application
Framework	I-Application
support	O
,	O
it	O
can	O
integrate	O
with	O
Microsoft	B-Application
Expression	I-Application
Blend	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
October	O
2013	O
,	O
Microsoft	O
released	O
four	O
new	O
versions	O
of	O
its	O
Visual	B-Application
Studio	I-Application
Express	I-Application
products	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Visual	B-Application
Studio	I-Application
Express	I-Application
2013	O
for	O
Windows	O
:	O
Note	O
:	O
Works	O
on	O
Windows	O
8.1	O
only	O
(	O
x86	B-Operating_System
and	O
x64	B-Device
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Note	O
that	O
Visual	B-Application
Studio	I-Application
Express	I-Application
for	O
Windows	B-Protocol
Phone	I-Protocol
was	O
not	O
released	O
in	O
the	O
set	O
of	O
2013	O
products	O
,	O
but	O
Visual	B-Application
Studio	I-Application
Express	I-Application
for	O
Windows	B-Protocol
Phone	I-Protocol
is	O
now	O
merged	O
with	O
Visual	B-Application
Studio	I-Application
Express	I-Application
for	O
Windows	O
2013.2	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
With	O
this	O
new	O
release	O
,	O
Windows	O
8.1	O
x86	B-Operating_System
is	O
now	O
supported	O
for	O
Windows	B-Protocol
Phone	I-Protocol
8.1	I-Protocol
development	O
,	O
but	O
not	O
for	O
Windows	B-Protocol
Phone	I-Protocol
8.0	O
development	O
or	O
the	O
Windows	B-Protocol
Phone	I-Protocol
Emulator	B-Application
,	O
the	O
latter	O
of	O
which	O
also	O
requires	O
a	O
processor	O
that	O
supports	O
Client	O
Hyper-V	O
and	O
Second	B-Device
Level	I-Device
Address	I-Device
Translation	I-Device
(	O
SLAT	B-Device
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
Visual	B-Application
Studio	I-Application
Express	I-Application
2015	O
editions	O
are	O
:	O
</s>
<s>
Requires	O
Windows	B-Operating_System
10	I-Operating_System
.	O
</s>
<s>
Microsoft	O
terminated	O
the	O
Visual	B-Application
Studio	I-Application
Express	I-Application
lineage	O
with	O
the	O
release	O
of	O
Visual	B-Application
Studio	I-Application
Express	I-Application
2017	O
for	O
Windows	O
Desktop	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Developers	O
interested	O
a	O
free	O
solution	O
for	O
those	O
projects	O
were	O
instead	O
directed	O
towards	O
Visual	B-Application
Studio	I-Application
Community	I-Application
Edition	I-Application
or	O
Visual	B-Language
Studio	I-Language
Code	I-Language
.	O
</s>
