<s>
Microsoft	B-General_Concept
HoloLens	I-General_Concept
is	O
an	O
augmented	B-General_Concept
reality	I-General_Concept
(	O
AR	B-General_Concept
)	O
/mixed	O
reality	O
(	O
MR	O
)	O
headset	O
developed	O
and	O
manufactured	O
by	O
Microsoft	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
HoloLens	B-General_Concept
runs	O
the	O
Windows	B-General_Concept
Mixed	I-General_Concept
Reality	I-General_Concept
platform	O
under	O
the	O
Windows	B-Operating_System
10	I-Operating_System
operating	B-General_Concept
system	I-General_Concept
.	O
</s>
<s>
Some	O
of	O
the	O
positional	B-Operating_System
tracking	I-Operating_System
technology	O
used	O
in	O
HoloLens	B-General_Concept
can	O
trace	O
its	O
lineage	O
to	O
the	O
Microsoft	B-Algorithm
Kinect	I-Algorithm
,	O
an	O
accessory	O
for	O
Microsoft	O
's	O
Xbox	O
game	O
console	O
that	O
was	O
introduced	O
in	O
2010	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
pre-production	O
version	O
of	O
HoloLens	B-General_Concept
,	O
the	O
Development	O
Edition	O
,	O
shipped	O
on	O
March	O
30	O
,	O
2016	O
,	O
and	O
is	O
targeted	O
to	O
developers	O
in	O
the	O
United	O
States	O
and	O
Canada	O
for	O
a	O
list	O
price	O
of	O
$3000	O
which	O
allowed	O
hobbyist	O
,	O
professionals	O
,	O
and	O
corporations	O
to	O
participate	O
in	O
the	O
pre-production	O
version	O
of	O
HoloLens	B-General_Concept
.	O
</s>
<s>
Samsung	B-Application
and	O
Asus	O
have	O
extended	O
an	O
offer	O
to	O
Microsoft	O
to	O
help	O
produce	O
their	O
own	O
mixed-reality	O
products	O
,	O
in	O
collaboration	O
with	O
Microsoft	O
,	O
based	O
around	O
the	O
concept	O
and	O
hardware	O
on	O
HoloLens	B-General_Concept
.	O
</s>
<s>
On	O
October	O
12	O
,	O
2016	O
,	O
Microsoft	O
announced	O
global	O
expansion	O
of	O
HoloLens	B-General_Concept
and	O
publicized	O
that	O
HoloLens	B-General_Concept
would	O
be	O
available	O
for	O
preorder	O
in	O
Australia	O
,	O
Ireland	O
,	O
France	O
,	O
Germany	O
,	O
New	O
Zealand	O
and	O
the	O
United	O
Kingdom	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Microsoft	O
has	O
decided	O
to	O
rent	O
the	O
Hololens	B-General_Concept
without	O
clients	O
making	O
the	O
full	O
investment	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Microsoft	O
partners	O
with	O
a	O
company	O
called	O
Absorbents	O
to	O
give	O
the	O
service	O
of	O
HoloLens	B-General_Concept
rental	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
HoloLens	B-Algorithm
2	I-Algorithm
was	O
announced	O
at	O
the	O
Mobile	O
World	O
Congress	O
(	O
MWC	O
)	O
in	O
Barcelona	O
,	O
Spain	O
,	O
on	O
February	O
24	O
,	O
2019	O
,	O
and	O
was	O
available	O
on	O
preorder	O
at	O
$	O
3,500	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
HoloLens	B-General_Concept
is	O
a	O
head-mounted	B-General_Concept
display	I-General_Concept
unit	O
connected	O
to	O
an	O
adjustable	O
,	O
cushioned	O
inner	O
headband	O
,	O
which	O
can	O
tilt	O
HoloLens	B-General_Concept
up	O
and	O
down	O
,	O
as	O
well	O
as	O
forward	O
and	O
backward	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
To	O
wear	O
the	O
unit	O
,	O
the	O
user	O
fits	O
the	O
HoloLens	B-General_Concept
on	O
their	O
head	O
,	O
using	O
an	O
adjustment	O
wheel	O
at	O
the	O
back	O
of	O
the	O
headband	O
to	O
secure	O
it	O
around	O
the	O
crown	O
,	O
supporting	O
and	O
distributing	O
the	O
weight	O
of	O
the	O
unit	O
equally	O
for	O
comfort	O
,	O
before	O
tilting	O
the	O
visor	O
towards	O
the	O
front	O
of	O
the	O
eyes	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
front	O
of	O
the	O
unit	O
houses	O
many	O
of	O
the	O
sensors	B-Application
and	O
related	O
hardware	O
,	O
including	O
the	O
processors	O
,	O
cameras	O
and	O
projection	O
lenses	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
HoloLens	B-General_Concept
must	O
be	O
calibrated	O
to	O
the	O
interpupillary	O
distance	O
(	O
IPD	O
)	O
,	O
or	O
accustomed	O
vision	O
of	O
the	O
user	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Along	O
the	O
bottom	O
edges	O
of	O
the	O
side	O
,	O
located	O
near	O
the	O
user	O
's	O
ears	O
,	O
are	O
a	O
pair	O
of	O
small	O
,	O
red	O
3D	B-Application
audio	I-Application
speakers	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Using	O
head-related	O
transfer	O
functions	O
,	O
the	O
HoloLens	B-General_Concept
generates	O
binaural	O
audio	O
,	O
which	O
can	O
simulate	O
spatial	O
effects	O
;	O
meaning	O
the	O
user	O
,	O
virtually	O
,	O
can	O
perceive	O
and	O
locate	O
a	O
sound	O
,	O
as	O
though	O
it	O
is	O
coming	O
from	O
a	O
virtual	O
pinpoint	O
or	O
location	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
A	O
3.5	O
mm	O
audio	B-Device
jack	I-Device
is	O
located	O
along	O
the	O
bottom	O
edge	O
of	O
the	O
right	O
arm	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
HoloLens	B-General_Concept
is	O
a	O
first	O
generation	O
AR	B-General_Concept
device	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
displays	O
on	O
the	O
HoloLens	B-General_Concept
are	O
simple	O
waveguide	O
displays	O
with	O
a	O
fixed	O
focus	O
of	O
approximately	O
two	O
meters	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
HoloLens	B-General_Concept
features	O
an	O
inertial	O
measurement	O
unit	O
(	O
IMU	O
)	O
(	O
which	O
includes	O
an	O
accelerometer	O
,	O
gyroscope	B-Application
,	O
and	O
a	O
magnetometer	O
)	O
four	O
"	O
environment	O
understanding	O
"	O
sensors	B-Application
(	O
two	O
on	O
each	O
side	O
)	O
,	O
an	O
energy-efficient	O
depth	B-Algorithm
camera	I-Algorithm
with	O
a	O
120°×120°	O
angle	O
of	O
view	O
,	O
a	O
2.4-megapixel	O
photographic	O
video	O
camera	O
,	O
a	O
four-microphone	O
array	O
,	O
and	O
an	O
ambient	O
light	O
sensor	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
addition	O
to	O
an	O
Intel	O
Cherry	B-Application
Trail	I-Application
SoC	B-Architecture
containing	O
the	O
CPU	B-General_Concept
and	O
GPU	B-Architecture
,	O
HoloLens	B-General_Concept
features	O
a	O
custom-made	O
Microsoft	O
Holographic	O
Processing	O
Unit	O
(	O
HPU	O
)	O
,	O
a	O
coprocessor	B-General_Concept
manufactured	O
specifically	O
for	O
the	O
HoloLens	B-General_Concept
by	O
Microsoft	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
SoC	B-Architecture
and	O
the	O
HPU	O
each	O
have	O
1GB	O
LPDDR3	O
and	O
share	O
8MB	O
SRAM	O
,	O
with	O
the	O
SoC	B-Architecture
also	O
controlling	O
64GB	O
eMMC	O
and	O
running	O
the	O
Windows	B-Operating_System
10	I-Operating_System
operating	B-General_Concept
system	I-General_Concept
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
HPU	O
uses	O
28	O
custom	O
DSPs	O
from	O
Tensilica	B-General_Concept
to	O
process	O
and	O
integrate	O
data	O
from	O
the	O
sensors	B-Application
,	O
as	O
well	O
as	O
handling	O
tasks	O
such	O
as	O
spatial	O
mapping	O
,	O
gesture	B-General_Concept
recognition	I-General_Concept
,	O
and	O
voice	B-Application
and	O
speech	B-Application
recognition	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
HoloLens	B-General_Concept
contains	O
an	O
internal	O
rechargeable	O
battery	O
,	O
with	O
average	O
life	O
rated	O
at	O
2	O
–	O
3	O
hours	O
of	O
active	O
use	O
,	O
or	O
2	O
weeks	O
of	O
standby	O
time	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
HoloLens	B-General_Concept
can	O
be	O
operated	O
while	O
charging	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
HoloLens	B-General_Concept
features	O
IEEE	O
802.11ac	O
Wi-Fi	O
and	O
Bluetooth	O
4.1	O
Low	B-General_Concept
Energy	I-General_Concept
(	O
LE	B-General_Concept
)	O
wireless	O
connectivity	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
headset	O
uses	O
Bluetooth	B-General_Concept
LE	I-General_Concept
to	O
pair	O
with	O
the	O
included	O
Clicker	O
,	O
a	O
thumb-sized	O
finger-operating	O
input	B-Device
device	I-Device
that	O
can	O
be	O
used	O
for	O
interface	O
scrolling	O
and	O
selecting	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
Clicker	O
features	O
a	O
clickable	O
surface	O
for	O
selecting	O
,	O
and	O
an	O
orientation	B-Algorithm
sensor	I-Algorithm
which	O
provides	O
for	O
scrolling	O
functions	O
via	O
tilting	O
and	O
panning	O
of	O
the	O
unit	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
HoloLens	B-General_Concept
core	O
display	O
has	O
been	O
integrated	O
into	O
hard	O
hat	O
hardware	O
systems	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Since	O
2016	O
,	O
a	O
number	O
of	O
augmented-reality	B-General_Concept
applications	O
have	O
been	O
showcased	O
for	O
the	O
HoloLens	B-General_Concept
.	O
</s>
<s>
Cortana	B-Application
,	O
Microsoft	O
's	O
virtual	O
assistant	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
CAE	O
VimedixAR	O
is	O
a	O
commercial	O
application	O
of	O
Microsoft	B-General_Concept
HoloLens	I-General_Concept
technology	O
that	O
enables	O
immersive	O
simulation-based	O
training	O
in	O
ultrasound	O
and	O
anatomical	O
education	O
through	O
augmented	B-General_Concept
reality	I-General_Concept
for	O
increased	O
patient	O
safety	O
and	O
enhanced	O
learning	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
An	O
implementation	O
of	O
the	O
Skype	B-Application
telecommunications	O
application	O
by	O
Microsoft	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Any	O
user	O
with	O
Skype	B-Application
on	O
his	O
or	O
her	O
regular	O
devices	O
like	O
PC	O
,	O
Mobile	O
etc	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
can	O
dial	O
user	O
on	O
HoloLens	B-General_Concept
and	O
communicate	O
with	O
each	O
other	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
With	O
Video	O
call	O
On	O
,	O
the	O
user	O
on	O
PC	O
will	O
see	O
the	O
view	O
HoloLens	B-General_Concept
user	O
is	O
seeing	O
and	O
HoloLens	B-General_Concept
user	O
will	O
see	O
view	O
captured	O
by	O
PC	O
/	O
Mobile	O
device	O
user	O
camera	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
RoboRaid	O
(	O
previously	O
code-named	O
"	O
Project	O
X-Ray	O
"	O
)	O
,	O
an	O
augmented-reality	B-General_Concept
first-person	O
shooter	O
game	O
by	O
Microsoft	O
in	O
which	O
the	O
player	O
defends	O
against	O
a	O
robot	O
invasion	O
,	O
aiming	O
the	O
weapon	O
via	O
gaze	O
,	O
and	O
shooting	O
via	O
the	O
Clicker	O
button	O
or	O
an	O
air	O
tap	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
November	O
,	O
2018	O
,	O
Microsoft	O
announced	O
that	O
it	O
is	O
readying	O
HoloLens	B-General_Concept
for	O
combat	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
company	O
won	O
a	O
$480	O
million	O
military	O
contract	O
with	O
the	O
U.S.	O
government	O
to	O
bring	O
AR	B-General_Concept
headset	O
tech	O
into	O
the	O
weapons	O
repertoire	O
of	O
American	O
soldiers	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
April	O
,	O
2018	O
,	O
novel	O
cardiac	O
surgery	O
was	O
performed	O
at	O
the	O
Jagiellonian	O
University	O
Hospital	O
in	O
Krakow	O
using	O
HoloLens	B-General_Concept
imaging	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
April	O
,	O
2021	O
,	O
an	O
augmented	B-General_Concept
reality	I-General_Concept
laboratory	O
was	O
opened	O
at	O
the	O
Jagiellonian	O
University	O
Medical	O
College	O
with	O
the	O
goal	O
of	O
implementing	O
the	O
HoloLens	B-Algorithm
2	I-Algorithm
in	O
the	O
medical	O
imaginary	O
education	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Other	O
applications	O
announced	O
or	O
showcased	O
for	O
HoloLens	B-General_Concept
include	O
:	O
</s>
<s>
OnSight	O
and	O
Sidekick	B-General_Concept
,	O
software	O
projects	O
developed	O
by	O
a	O
collaboration	O
between	O
NASA	O
and	O
Microsoft	O
to	O
explore	O
mixed	B-General_Concept
reality	I-General_Concept
applications	O
in	O
space	O
exploration	O
Developed	O
in	O
collaboration	O
with	O
JPL	O
,	O
OnSight	O
integrates	O
data	O
from	O
the	O
Curiosity	O
rover	O
into	O
a	O
3D	B-Application
simulation	I-Application
of	O
the	O
Martian	O
environment	O
,	O
which	O
scientists	O
around	O
the	O
world	O
can	O
visualize	O
,	O
interact	O
with	O
,	O
and	O
collaborate	O
in	O
together	O
using	O
HoloLens	B-General_Concept
devices	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
November	O
2015	O
,	O
Volvo	O
and	O
Microsoft	O
exhibited	O
a	O
prototype	O
version	O
of	O
the	O
HoloLens	B-General_Concept
system	O
at	O
Microsoft	O
's	O
HQ	O
in	O
Redmond	O
using	O
the	O
S90	O
luxury	O
sedan	O
as	O
their	O
subject	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
CAE	O
VimedixAR	O
,	O
the	O
first	O
ultrasound	O
training	O
simulator	O
integrated	O
with	O
HoloLens	B-General_Concept
that	O
allows	O
healthcare	O
learners	O
to	O
interact	O
with	O
3D	O
holograms	O
of	O
internal	O
human	O
structures	O
and	O
acquire	O
proficiency	O
in	O
anatomy	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Holoportation	B-Algorithm
,	O
a	O
new	O
type	O
of	O
3D	B-Application
capture	I-Application
technology	O
that	O
allows	O
high-quality	O
3D	O
models	O
of	O
people	O
to	O
be	O
reconstructed	B-Algorithm
,	O
compressed	O
and	O
transmitted	O
anywhere	O
in	O
the	O
world	O
in	O
real	O
time	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
When	O
combined	O
with	O
mixed	B-General_Concept
reality	I-General_Concept
displays	O
such	O
as	O
Hololens	B-General_Concept
,	O
this	O
technology	O
allows	O
user	O
to	O
see	O
,	O
hear	O
,	O
and	O
interact	O
with	O
remote	O
participants	O
in	O
3D	O
as	O
if	O
they	O
are	O
actually	O
present	O
in	O
the	O
same	O
physical	O
space	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
HoloSurg	O
,	O
in	O
April	O
2017	O
,	O
a	O
team	O
of	O
surgeons	O
in	O
Spain	O
,	O
used	O
the	O
mixed	B-General_Concept
reality	I-General_Concept
tool	O
to	O
operate	O
on	O
a	O
patient	O
with	O
a	O
malignant	O
muscular	O
tumor	O
,	O
using	O
the	O
headset	O
to	O
visualize	O
MRI	O
and	O
radiography	O
information	O
during	O
the	O
surgery	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
HoloLens	B-General_Concept
uses	O
voice	B-Application
commands	I-Application
,	O
gaze	O
,	O
hand	O
gestures	O
,	O
and	O
a	O
controller	O
as	O
the	O
primary	O
input	O
methods	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
"	O
Elements	O
"	O
—	O
or	O
any	O
virtual	O
application	O
or	O
button	O
—	O
are	O
selected	O
using	O
an	O
air	O
tap	O
method	O
,	O
similar	O
to	O
clicking	O
an	O
imaginary	O
computer	B-Device
mouse	I-Device
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
tap	O
can	O
be	O
held	O
for	O
a	O
drag	O
simulation	O
to	O
move	O
an	O
element	O
,	O
as	O
well	O
as	O
voice	B-Application
commands	I-Application
for	O
certain	O
commands	O
and	O
actions	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
HoloLens	B-General_Concept
shell	B-Operating_System
carries	O
over	O
and	O
adapts	O
many	O
elements	O
from	O
the	O
Windows	O
desktop	O
environment	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
A	O
"	O
bloom	O
"	O
gesture	O
for	O
accessing	O
the	O
shell	B-Operating_System
(	O
performing	O
a	O
similar	O
function	O
to	O
pressing	O
a	O
Windows	B-Device
key	I-Device
on	O
a	O
Windows	O
keyboard	O
or	O
tablet	O
,	O
or	O
the	O
Xbox	O
button	O
on	O
an	O
Xbox	B-Device
One	I-Device
Controller	I-Device
)	O
is	O
performed	O
by	O
opening	O
one	O
's	O
hand	O
,	O
fingers	O
spread	O
with	O
the	O
palm	O
facing	O
up	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Title	O
bars	O
for	O
application	O
windows	O
have	O
a	O
title	O
on	O
the	O
left	O
,	O
and	O
buttons	O
for	O
window	B-Application
management	I-Application
functions	O
on	O
the	O
right	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
April	O
2016	O
Microsoft	O
created	O
the	O
App	O
for	O
Windows	B-Operating_System
10	I-Operating_System
PC	O
's	O
and	O
Windows	B-Operating_System
10	I-Operating_System
Mobile	I-Operating_System
devices	O
,	O
that	O
allows	O
developers	O
to	O
run	O
apps	O
,	O
use	O
his	O
or	O
her	O
phone	O
or	O
PC	O
's	O
keyboard	O
to	O
type	O
text	O
,	O
view	O
a	O
live	O
stream	O
from	O
the	O
HoloLens	B-General_Concept
user	O
's	O
point	O
of	O
view	O
,	O
and	O
remotely	O
capture	O
mixed	B-General_Concept
reality	I-General_Concept
photos	O
and	O
videos	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Microsoft	B-Application
Visual	I-Application
Studio	I-Application
is	O
an	O
IDE	B-Application
that	O
can	O
be	O
used	O
to	O
develop	O
applications	O
(	O
both	O
2D	O
and	O
3D	O
)	O
for	O
HoloLens	B-General_Concept
.	O
</s>
<s>
Applications	O
can	O
be	O
tested	O
using	O
HoloLens	B-General_Concept
emulator	O
(	O
included	O
into	O
Visual	B-Application
Studio	I-Application
2015	O
IDE	B-Application
)	O
or	O
HoloLens	B-General_Concept
Development	O
Edition	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
HoloLens	B-General_Concept
can	O
run	O
almost	O
all	O
Universal	O
Windows	O
Platform	O
apps	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Not	O
all	O
Windows	B-Operating_System
10	I-Operating_System
APIs	O
are	O
currently	O
supported	O
by	O
HoloLens	B-General_Concept
,	O
but	O
in	O
most	O
cases	O
the	O
same	O
app	O
is	O
able	O
to	O
run	O
across	O
all	O
Windows	B-Operating_System
10	I-Operating_System
devices	O
(	O
including	O
HoloLens	B-General_Concept
)	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
same	O
tools	O
that	O
are	O
used	O
to	O
develop	O
applications	O
for	O
Windows	O
PC	O
or	O
Windows	O
Phone	O
can	O
be	O
used	O
to	O
develop	O
a	O
HoloLens	B-General_Concept
app	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
3D	O
applications	O
,	O
or	O
"	O
holographic	O
"	O
applications	O
,	O
use	O
Windows	B-General_Concept
Holographic	I-General_Concept
APIs	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Microsoft	O
recommends	O
Unity	B-Application
engine	I-Application
and	O
Vuforia	B-Application
to	O
create	O
3D	O
apps	O
for	O
HoloLens	B-General_Concept
,	O
but	O
it	O
's	O
also	O
possible	O
for	O
a	O
developer	O
to	O
build	O
their	O
own	O
engine	O
using	O
DirectX	B-Application
and	O
Windows	B-Library
APIs	I-Library
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
November	O
2018	O
Microsoft	O
got	O
a	O
contract	O
for	O
the	O
supply	O
of	O
100,000	O
HoloLens	B-General_Concept
MR	O
glasses	O
,	O
worth	O
$479	O
million	O
,	O
to	O
the	O
U.S.	O
military	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Just	O
before	O
the	O
opening	O
of	O
one	O
of	O
the	O
largest	O
international	O
technology	O
conferences	O
—	O
the	O
GSMA	O
Mobile	O
World	O
Congress	O
2019	O
in	O
Barcelona	O
—	O
fifty	O
Microsoft	O
employees	O
wrote	O
a	O
letter	O
to	O
their	O
CEO	B-Application
Satya	O
Nadella	O
and	O
President	O
Brad	O
Smith	O
stating	O
that	O
they	O
"	O
refuse	O
to	O
develop	O
technologies	O
for	O
warfare	O
and	O
oppression	O
"	O
.	O
</s>
