<s>
Microsoft	B-Application
Bookshelf	I-Application
is	O
a	O
discontinued	O
reference	O
collection	O
introduced	O
in	O
1987	O
as	O
part	O
of	O
Microsoft	O
's	O
extensive	O
work	O
in	O
promoting	O
CD-ROM	B-Device
technology	O
as	O
a	O
distribution	O
medium	O
for	O
electronic	O
publishing	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
original	O
MS-DOS	B-Application
version	O
showcased	O
the	O
massive	O
storage	O
capacity	O
of	O
CD-ROM	B-Device
technology	O
,	O
and	O
was	O
accessed	O
while	O
the	O
user	O
was	O
using	O
one	O
of	O
13	O
different	O
word	O
processor	O
programs	O
that	O
Bookshelf	O
supported	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Subsequent	O
versions	O
were	O
produced	O
for	O
Windows	B-Application
and	O
became	O
a	O
commercial	O
success	O
as	O
part	O
of	O
the	O
Microsoft	B-Application
Home	I-Application
brand	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
was	O
often	O
bundled	O
with	O
personal	B-Device
computers	I-Device
as	O
a	O
cheaper	O
alternative	O
to	O
the	O
Encarta	B-Application
Suite	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
Encarta	B-Application
Deluxe	O
Suite	O
/	O
Reference	O
Library	O
versions	O
also	O
bundled	O
Bookshelf	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
For	O
example	O
,	O
the	O
1997	O
UK	O
edition	O
(	O
Bookshelf	O
British	O
Reference	O
Collection	O
)	O
included	O
the	O
Chambers	O
Dictionary	B-Operating_System
,	O
Bloomsbury	O
Treasury	O
of	O
Quotations	O
,	O
and	O
Hutchinson	O
Concise	O
Encyclopedia	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
Windows	B-Application
release	O
of	O
Bookshelf	O
added	O
a	O
number	O
of	O
new	O
reference	O
titles	O
,	O
including	O
The	O
Concise	O
Columbia	O
Encyclopedia	O
and	O
an	O
Internet	B-Application
Directory	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
By	O
1994	O
,	O
the	O
English-language	O
version	O
also	O
contained	O
the	O
Columbia	O
Dictionary	B-Operating_System
of	O
Quotations	O
;	O
The	O
Concise	O
Columbia	O
Encyclopedia	O
;	O
the	O
Hammond	O
Intermediate	O
World	O
Atlas	B-Device
;	O
and	O
The	O
People	O
's	O
Chronology	B-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
By	O
2000	O
,	O
the	O
collection	O
came	O
to	O
include	O
the	O
Encarta	B-Application
Desk	O
Encyclopedia	O
,	O
the	O
Encarta	B-Application
Desk	O
Atlas	B-Device
,	O
the	O
Encarta	B-Application
Style	O
Guide	O
and	O
a	O
specialized	O
Computer	O
and	O
Internet	O
Dictionary	B-Operating_System
by	O
Microsoft	O
Press	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Microsoft	B-Application
Bookshelf	I-Application
was	O
discontinued	O
in	O
2000	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
later	O
editions	O
of	O
the	O
Encarta	B-Application
suite	I-Application
(	O
Encarta	B-Application
2000	O
and	O
onwards	O
)	O
,	O
Bookshelf	O
was	O
replaced	O
with	O
a	O
dedicated	O
Encarta	B-Application
Dictionary	B-Operating_System
,	O
a	O
superset	O
of	O
the	O
printed	O
edition	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
There	O
has	O
been	O
some	O
controversy	O
over	O
the	O
decision	O
,	O
since	O
the	O
dictionary	B-Operating_System
lacks	O
the	O
other	O
books	O
provided	O
in	O
Bookshelf	O
which	O
many	O
found	O
to	O
be	O
a	O
useful	O
reference	O
,	O
such	O
as	O
the	O
dictionary	B-Operating_System
of	O
quotations	O
(	O
replaced	O
with	O
a	O
quotations	O
section	O
in	O
Encarta	B-Application
that	O
links	O
to	O
relevant	O
articles	O
and	O
people	O
)	O
and	O
the	O
Internet	B-Application
Directory	I-Application
,	O
although	O
the	O
directory	O
is	O
now	O
obsolete	O
since	O
many	O
of	O
the	O
sites	O
listed	O
in	O
offline	O
directories	O
no	O
longer	O
exist	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Bookshelf	O
1.0	O
used	O
a	O
proprietary	B-Application
hypertext	O
engine	O
that	O
Microsoft	O
acquired	O
when	O
it	O
bought	O
the	O
company	O
Cytation	O
in	O
1986	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Like	O
Apple	O
's	O
similar	O
Hypercard	B-Application
reader	O
,	O
Bookshelf	O
engine	O
's	O
files	O
used	O
a	O
single	O
compound	O
document	O
,	O
containing	O
large	O
numbers	O
of	O
subdocuments	O
(	O
"	O
cards	O
"	O
or	O
"	O
articles	O
"	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Though	O
similar	O
to	O
Apple	O
's	O
Hypercard	B-Application
reader	O
in	O
many	O
ways	O
,	O
the	O
Bookshelf	O
engine	O
had	O
several	O
key	O
differences	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Unlike	O
Hypercard	B-Application
files	O
,	O
Bookshelf	O
files	O
required	O
compilation	O
and	O
complex	O
markup	O
codes	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Furthermore	O
,	O
Bookshelf	O
's	O
engine	O
was	O
designed	O
to	O
run	O
as	O
fast	O
as	O
possible	O
on	O
slow	O
first-generation	O
CD-ROM	B-Device
drives	O
,	O
some	O
of	O
which	O
required	O
as	O
much	O
as	O
a	O
half-second	O
to	O
move	O
the	O
drive	O
head	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Such	O
hardware	O
constraints	O
made	O
Hypercard	B-Application
impractical	O
for	O
high-capacity	O
CD-ROMs	B-Device
.	O
</s>
<s>
Bookshelf	O
also	O
had	O
full	B-Application
text	I-Application
searching	O
capability	O
,	O
which	O
made	O
it	O
easy	O
to	O
find	O
needed	O
information	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Collaborating	O
with	O
DuPont	O
,	O
the	O
Microsoft	O
CD-ROM	B-Device
division	O
developed	O
a	O
Windows	B-Application
version	O
of	O
its	O
engine	O
for	O
applications	O
as	O
diverse	O
as	O
document	O
management	O
,	O
online	B-Protocol
help	I-Protocol
,	O
and	O
a	O
CD-ROM	B-Device
encyclopedia	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Thus	O
they	O
integrated	O
a	O
multimedia	O
markup	O
language	O
,	O
full	B-Application
text	I-Application
search	I-Application
,	O
and	O
extensibility	O
using	O
software	B-Architecture
objects	I-Architecture
,	O
all	O
of	O
which	O
are	O
commonplace	O
in	O
modern	O
internet	O
browsing	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
1992	O
,	O
Microsoft	O
started	O
selling	O
the	O
Bookshelf	O
engine	O
to	O
third-party	O
developers	O
,	O
marketing	O
the	O
product	O
as	O
Microsoft	B-Application
Multimedia	I-Application
Viewer	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
idea	O
was	O
that	O
such	O
a	O
tool	O
would	O
help	O
a	O
burgeoning	O
growth	O
of	O
CD-ROM	B-Device
titles	O
that	O
would	O
spur	O
demand	O
for	O
Windows	B-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
However	O
,	O
Microsoft	O
continued	O
to	O
use	O
the	O
engine	O
for	O
its	O
Encarta	B-Application
and	O
WinHelp	O
applications	O
,	O
though	O
the	O
multimedia	O
functions	O
are	O
rarely	O
used	O
in	O
Windows	B-Application
help	B-Protocol
files	I-Protocol
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
1993	O
,	O
the	O
developers	O
who	O
were	O
working	O
on	O
the	O
next	O
generation	O
viewer	O
were	O
moved	O
to	O
the	O
Cairo	B-Application
systems	I-Application
group	I-Application
which	O
was	O
charged	O
with	O
delivering	O
Bill	O
Gates	O
 '	O
'	O
vision	O
 '	O
of	O
'	O
Information	O
at	O
your	O
fingertips	O
 '	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
This	O
advanced	O
browser	O
was	O
a	O
fully	O
componentized	O
application	O
using	O
what	O
are	O
now	O
known	O
as	O
Component	B-Application
Object	I-Application
Model	I-Application
objects	O
,	O
designed	O
for	O
hypermedia	O
browsing	O
across	O
large	O
networks	O
and	O
whose	O
main	O
competitor	O
was	O
thought	O
to	O
be	O
Lotus	B-Operating_System
Notes	I-Operating_System
.	O
</s>
<s>
Nearly	O
all	O
technologies	O
of	O
Cairo	B-Application
shipped	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
BYTE	O
in	O
1989	O
listed	O
Microsoft	B-Application
Bookshelf	I-Application
as	O
among	O
the	O
"	O
Excellence	O
"	O
winners	O
of	O
the	O
BYTE	O
Awards	O
,	O
stating	O
that	O
it	O
"	O
is	O
the	O
first	O
substantial	O
application	O
of	O
CD-ROM	B-Device
technology	O
"	O
and	O
"	O
a	O
harbinger	O
of	O
personal	O
library	O
systems	O
to	O
come	O
"	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Versions	O
for	O
DOS/Windows/Mac	O
:	O
</s>
<s>
Microsoft	B-Operating_System
Office	I-Operating_System
95	I-Operating_System
Professional	O
,	O
also	O
16-bit	O
version	O
for	O
compatibility	O
with	O
Windows	B-Application
3.x	O
)	O
This	O
version	O
uses	O
Indeo	B-Algorithm
3.2	O
codec	O
to	O
play	O
videos	O
,	O
32-bit	O
version	O
still	O
has	O
16-bit	O
components	O
for	O
playing	O
animations	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Bookshelf	O
1996-	O
'	O
97	O
Edition	O
(	O
Last	O
version	O
for	O
Windows	B-Application
3.1	O
)	O
It	O
still	O
uses	O
16-bit	O
components	O
for	O
certain	O
areas	O
of	O
Bookshelf	O
like	O
animations	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Bookshelf	O
98	O
for	O
Windows	B-Application
and	O
Macintosh	O
(	O
Last	O
version	O
for	O
Macintosh	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
Windows	B-Application
version	O
uses	O
QuickTime	B-Application
2.1.2	O
for	O
Windows	B-Application
for	O
360°	O
animations	O
besides	O
Indeo	B-Algorithm
codec	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Bookshelf	O
99	O
(	O
this	O
version	O
switched	O
to	O
Shockwave	B-Operating_System
Player	I-Operating_System
ActiveX	B-Application
Control	I-Application
for	O
media	O
content	O
and	O
Encarta	B-Application
Image	O
control	O
for	O
images	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Package	O
Dictionary	B-Operating_System
Thesaurus	O
Almanac	O
Chronology	B-Application
or	O
Timeline	B-Application
Quotation	O
Dictionary	B-Operating_System
Encyclopedia	O
Atlas	B-Device
Web	B-Application
directory	I-Application
Other	O
reference	O
materials	O
Other	O
reference	O
materials	O
Bookshelf	O
94	O
The	O
American	O
Heritage	O
Dictionary	B-Operating_System
of	O
the	O
English	O
Language	O
Roget	O
's	O
Thesaurus	O
The	O
World	O
Almanac	O
and	O
Book	O
of	O
Facts	O
1992	O
The	O
Columbia	O
Dictionary	B-Operating_System
of	O
Quotations	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Barlett	O
's	O
Familiar	O
Quotations	O
The	O
Concise	O
Columbia	O
Encyclopedia	O
Hammond	O
Atlas	B-Device
Bookshelf	O
94	O
The	O
American	O
Heritage	O
Dictionary	B-Operating_System
of	O
the	O
English	O
Language	O
,	O
Third	O
Edition	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Roget	O
's	O
Thesaurus	O
of	O
English	O
words	O
and	O
phrases	O
The	O
World	O
Almanac	O
and	O
Book	O
of	O
Facts	O
1994	O
The	O
People	O
's	O
Chronology	B-Application
The	O
Columbia	O
Dictionary	B-Operating_System
of	O
Quotations	O
The	O
Concise	O
Columbia	O
Encyclopedia	O
Hammond	O
Intermediate	O
World	O
Atlas	B-Device
Bookshelf	O
95	O
The	O
American	O
Heritage	O
Dictionary	B-Operating_System
,	O
3rd	O
Ed	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Roget	O
's	O
Thesaurus	O
World	O
Almanac	O
and	O
Book	O
of	O
Facts	O
1995	O
The	O
People	O
's	O
Chronology	B-Application
Columbia	O
Dictionary	B-Operating_System
of	O
Quotations	O
The	O
Concise	O
Columbia	O
Encyclopedia	O
Third	O
Edition	O
Hammond	O
World	O
Atlas	B-Device
Bookshelf	O
1996-	O
'	O
97	O
Edition	O
The	O
American	O
Heritage	O
Dictionary	B-Operating_System
,	O
3rd	O
Ed	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Roget	O
's	O
Thesaurus	O
World	O
Almanac	O
and	O
Book	O
of	O
Facts	O
1996	O
The	O
People	O
's	O
Chronology	B-Application
Columbia	O
Dictionary	B-Operating_System
of	O
Quotations	O
The	O
Concise	O
Columbia	O
Encyclopedia	O
Third	O
Edition	O
Concise	O
Encarta	B-Application
96	O
World	O
Atlas	B-Device
Internet	B-Application
Directory	I-Application
96	O
ZIP	O
Code	O
and	O
Post	O
Office	O
Directory	O
Bookshelf	O
1996-	O
'	O
97	O
Edition	O
British	O
Reference	O
Collection	O
The	O
age	O
of	O
the	O
barbarian	O
Chambers	O
Dictionary	B-Operating_System
Longman	O
's	O
original	O
Roget	O
's	O
Thesaurus	O
Bloomsbury	O
Treasury	O
of	O
Quotations	O
Hutchinson	O
Concise	O
Encyclopedia	O
,	O
1995	O
edition	O
Concise	O
Encarta	B-Application
96	O
World	O
Atlas	B-Device
Internet	B-Application
Directory	I-Application
96	O
Bookshelf	O
98	O
The	O
American	O
Heritage	O
Dictionary	B-Operating_System
,	O
3rd	O
Ed	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Roget	O
's	O
Thesaurus	O
World	O
Almanac	O
and	O
Book	O
of	O
Facts	O
1997	O
The	O
People	O
's	O
Chronology	B-Application
Columbia	O
Dictionary	B-Operating_System
of	O
Quotations	O
Encarta	B-Application
98	O
Desk	O
Encyclopedia	B-Application
Encarta	I-Application
98	O
Desk	O
World	O
Atlas	B-Device
Internet	B-Application
Directory	I-Application
98	O
ZIP	O
Code	O
and	O
Post	O
Office	O
Directory	O
Computer	O
&	O
Internet	O
Dictionary	B-Operating_System
Bookshelf	O
99	O
The	O
American	O
Heritage	O
Dictionary	B-Operating_System
,	O
3rd	O
Ed	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Roget	O
's	O
Thesaurus	O
Encarta	B-Application
98	O
New	O
World	O
Almanac	O
Encarta	B-Application
New	O
World	O
Timeline	B-Application
Columbia	O
Dictionary	B-Operating_System
of	O
Quotations	O
Encarta	B-Application
99	O
Desk	O
Encyclopedia	B-Application
Encarta	I-Application
99	O
Desk	O
World	O
Atlas	B-Device
Encarta	B-Application
Grammar	O
&	O
Style	O
Guide	O
Computer	O
&	O
Internet	O
Dictionary	B-Operating_System
Bookshelf	O
2000	O
The	O
American	O
Heritage	O
Dictionary	B-Operating_System
,	O
3rd	O
Ed	O
.	O
</s>
