<s>
Micro	B-General_Concept
stuttering	I-General_Concept
is	O
a	O
term	O
used	O
in	O
computing	O
to	O
describe	O
a	O
quality	O
defect	B-Error_Name
that	O
manifests	O
as	O
irregular	O
delays	O
between	O
frames	O
rendered	O
by	O
the	O
GPU(s )	O
,	O
causing	O
the	O
instantaneous	O
frame	O
rate	O
of	O
the	O
longest	O
delay	O
to	O
be	O
significantly	O
lower	O
than	O
the	O
frame	O
rate	O
reported	O
by	O
benchmarking	O
applications	O
,	O
such	O
as	O
3DMark	O
,	O
as	O
they	O
usually	O
calculate	O
the	O
average	O
frame	O
rate	O
over	O
a	O
longer	O
time	O
interval	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Single-GPU	O
configurations	O
do	O
not	O
suffer	O
from	O
this	O
defect	B-Error_Name
in	O
most	O
cases	O
and	O
can	O
in	O
some	O
cases	O
output	O
a	O
subjectively	O
smoother	O
video	O
compared	O
to	O
a	O
multi-GPU	O
setup	O
using	O
the	O
same	O
video	B-Device
card	I-Device
model	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Micro	B-General_Concept
stuttering	I-General_Concept
is	O
inherent	O
to	O
multi-GPU	O
configurations	O
using	O
alternate	O
frame	O
rendering	O
(	O
AFR	O
)	O
,	O
such	O
as	O
Nvidia	B-Device
SLi	I-Device
and	O
AMD	O
CrossFireX	O
but	O
can	O
also	O
exist	O
in	O
certain	O
cases	O
in	O
single-GPU	O
systems	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
effects	O
of	O
micro	B-General_Concept
stuttering	I-General_Concept
vary	O
depending	O
on	O
the	O
application	O
and	O
driver	B-Application
optimizations	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Beyond	O
dual-GPU	O
setups	O
,	O
CrossFireX/SLI	O
setups	O
do	O
not	O
seem	O
to	O
be	O
as	O
affected	O
by	O
micro-stuttering	O
;	O
the	O
frame	O
rate	O
variability	O
in	O
a	O
three-way	O
CrossFireX/SLI	O
setup	O
approaches	O
the	O
smoothness	O
achieved	O
by	O
a	O
single	O
GPU	B-Architecture
.	O
</s>
<s>
As	O
of	O
May	O
2012	O
,	O
with	O
the	O
latest	O
release	O
of	O
hardware	O
and	O
drivers	O
from	O
Nvidia	O
and	O
AMD	O
,	O
AMD	O
's	O
Radeon	O
HD	O
7000	O
series	O
is	O
severely	O
more	O
affected	O
by	O
micro	B-General_Concept
stuttering	I-General_Concept
than	O
Nvidia	O
's	O
GeForce	O
600	O
Series	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
A	O
configuration	O
with	O
two	O
Radeon	O
HD	O
7970	O
in	O
CrossFireX-mode	O
,	O
on	O
the	O
other	O
hand	O
,	O
showed	O
an	O
85%	O
variation	O
in	O
frame	O
delays	O
,	O
compared	O
to	O
7%	O
for	O
a	O
single	O
card	O
,	O
indicating	O
large	O
amounts	O
of	O
micro	B-General_Concept
stuttering	I-General_Concept
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
software	O
program	O
RadeonPro	O
can	O
be	O
used	O
to	O
significantly	O
reduce	O
or	O
eliminate	O
the	O
effects	O
of	O
micro-stuttering	O
when	O
using	O
AMD	O
graphics	B-Device
cards	I-Device
in	O
CrossFire	O
.	O
</s>
