<s>
Avid	B-Operating_System
Media	I-Operating_System
Composer	I-Operating_System
is	O
a	O
film	O
and	O
video	O
editing	O
software	O
application	O
or	O
non-linear	O
editing	O
system	O
(	O
NLE	O
)	O
developed	O
by	O
Avid	O
Technology	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Initially	O
released	O
in	O
1989	O
on	O
Macintosh	B-Device
II	I-Device
as	O
an	O
offline	O
editing	O
system	O
,	O
the	O
application	O
has	O
since	O
evolved	O
to	O
allow	O
for	O
both	O
offline	O
and	O
online	B-Application
editing	I-Application
,	O
including	O
uncompressed	O
standard	O
definition	O
(	O
SD	O
)	O
,	O
high	O
definition	O
(	O
HD	O
)	O
,	O
2K	B-General_Concept
and	O
4K	B-Architecture
editing	O
and	O
finishing	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Since	O
the	O
1990s	O
,	O
Media	B-Operating_System
Composer	I-Operating_System
has	O
been	O
the	O
dominant	O
non-linear	O
editing	O
system	O
in	O
the	O
film	O
and	O
television	O
industry	O
,	O
first	O
on	O
Macintosh	B-Device
and	O
later	O
on	O
Windows	B-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
Avid	O
NewsCutter	O
,	O
aimed	O
at	O
newsrooms	O
,	O
Avid	O
Symphony	O
,	O
aimed	O
at	O
finishing	O
,	O
were	O
all	O
Avid	O
products	O
that	O
were	O
derived	O
from	O
Media	B-Operating_System
Composer	I-Operating_System
and	O
share	O
similar	O
interfacing	O
,	O
as	O
were	O
Avid	B-Operating_System
Xpress	I-Operating_System
Pro	I-Operating_System
(	O
discontinued	O
in	O
2008	O
)	O
and	O
its	O
predecessor	O
Avid	O
Xpress	O
DV	O
,	O
which	O
were	O
aimed	O
at	O
the	O
lower	O
end	O
of	O
the	O
market	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
There	O
are	O
4	O
versions	O
of	O
Avid	B-Operating_System
Media	I-Operating_System
Composer	I-Operating_System
;	O
Media	B-Operating_System
Composer	I-Operating_System
|	O
First	O
(	O
a	O
freeware	B-License
version	O
)	O
,	O
Media	B-Operating_System
Composer	I-Operating_System
,	O
Media	B-Operating_System
Composer	I-Operating_System
|	O
Ultimate	O
,	O
and	O
Media	B-Operating_System
Composer	I-Operating_System
|	O
Enterprise	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Media	B-Operating_System
Composer	I-Operating_System
can	O
be	O
used	O
as	O
standalone	O
software	O
,	O
or	O
to	O
which	O
the	O
user	O
can	O
add	O
specific	O
external	O
I/O	O
devices	O
,	O
either	O
from	O
Avid	O
or	O
from	O
specific	O
third	O
parties	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
According	O
to	O
Eric	O
Peters	O
,	O
one	O
of	O
the	O
company	O
's	O
founders	O
,	O
most	O
prototypes	O
of	O
"	O
the	B-Operating_System
Avid	I-Operating_System
"	O
were	O
built	O
on	O
Apollo	O
workstations	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
turned	O
out	O
they	O
were	O
evangelists	O
for	O
the	O
then	O
new	O
Mac	B-Device
II	I-Device
(	O
with	O
*	O
six*	O
slots	O
!	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
They	O
were	O
from	O
Apple	O
,	O
and	O
they	O
contained	O
two	O
of	O
their	O
prototype	O
Mac	B-Device
II	I-Device
machines	O
(	O
so	O
early	O
they	O
did	O
n't	O
even	O
have	O
cases	O
,	O
just	O
open	O
chassis	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
I	O
'm	O
being	O
paid	O
by	O
Apple	O
to	O
come	O
here	O
and	O
port	O
your	O
applications	O
from	O
Apollo	O
to	O
Macintosh.	O
'	O
</s>
<s>
The	B-Operating_System
Avid	I-Operating_System
engineering	O
team	O
,	O
however	O
,	O
managed	O
to	O
get	O
1,200	O
kBytes	O
per	O
second	O
,	O
which	O
allowed	O
them	O
to	O
do	O
offline	O
video	O
on	O
the	O
Macs	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	B-Operating_System
Avid	I-Operating_System
Film	O
Composer	O
was	O
introduced	O
in	O
August	O
1992	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
1994	O
,	O
the	O
Academy	O
of	O
Motion	O
Picture	O
Arts	O
and	O
Sciences	O
awarded	O
the	B-Operating_System
Avid	I-Operating_System
Film	O
Composer	O
with	O
a	O
plaque	O
for	O
Science	O
&	O
Technical	O
Achievement	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
For	O
continued	O
development	O
,	O
Avid	O
received	O
an	O
Oscar	O
representing	O
the	O
1998	O
Scientific	O
and	O
Technical	O
Award	O
for	O
the	O
concept	O
,	O
design	O
,	O
and	O
engineering	O
of	O
the	B-Operating_System
Avid	I-Operating_System
Film	O
Composer	O
system	O
for	O
motion	O
picture	O
editing	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Film	O
Composer	O
is	O
no	O
longer	O
available	O
,	O
since	O
all	O
of	O
its	O
specific	O
film	O
editing	O
features	O
were	O
implemented	O
into	O
the	O
"	O
regular	O
"	O
Media	B-Operating_System
Composer	I-Operating_System
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
July	O
2009	O
,	O
American	O
Cinema	O
Editors	O
(	O
ACE	O
)	O
announced	O
that	O
the	O
ACE	O
Board	O
of	O
Directors	O
had	O
recognized	O
Avid	B-Operating_System
Media	I-Operating_System
Composer	I-Operating_System
software	O
with	O
the	O
Board	O
's	O
first	O
ACE	O
Technical	O
Excellence	O
Award	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
December	O
2022	O
,	O
as	O
part	O
of	O
a	O
long-awaited	O
request	O
for	O
better	O
interoperability	O
between	O
Avid	O
's	O
own	O
apps	O
,	O
Media	B-Operating_System
Composer	I-Operating_System
2022.12	O
was	O
released	O
as	O
the	O
first	O
version	O
to	O
be	O
able	O
to	O
export	O
Pro	B-Application
Tools	I-Application
Sessions	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
This	O
is	O
not	O
a	O
replacement	O
for	O
AAF	O
export	O
,	O
but	O
an	O
additional	O
export	O
function	O
,	O
allowing	O
for	O
a	O
more	O
seamless	O
export	O
process	O
from	O
Media	B-Operating_System
Composer	I-Operating_System
to	O
Pro	B-Application
Tools	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	B-Operating_System
Avid	I-Operating_System
Media	B-Operating_System
Composer	I-Operating_System
user	O
interface	O
has	O
seen	O
many	O
changes	O
and	O
upgrades	O
over	O
the	O
years	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Crossing	O
Y2K	O
and	O
into	O
the	O
early	O
2000	O
's	O
with	O
Media	B-Operating_System
Composer	I-Operating_System
10	O
,	O
11	O
,	O
and	O
12	O
,	O
the	O
user	O
interface	O
saw	O
significant	O
advancements	O
in	O
not	O
only	O
project	O
organization	O
but	O
also	O
skeuomorphic	O
design	O
(	O
making	O
buttons	O
and	O
tools	O
look	O
like	O
real-world	O
items	O
with	O
lighting	O
,	O
shading	O
,	O
and	O
sometimes	O
textures	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
With	O
the	O
release	O
of	O
Media	B-Operating_System
Composer	I-Operating_System
5	O
,	O
the	O
user	O
interface	O
saw	O
a	O
visual	O
change	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
For	O
Media	B-Operating_System
Composer	I-Operating_System
,	O
it	O
was	O
decided	O
to	O
scale-back	O
the	O
design	O
and	O
chase	O
a	O
"	O
flatter	O
"	O
approach	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
This	O
design	O
lasted	O
through	O
Media	B-Operating_System
Composer	I-Operating_System
and	O
Symphony	O
versions	O
5.0	O
through	O
2018.12.15	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
By	O
Media	B-Operating_System
Composer	I-Operating_System
7	O
,	O
8	O
,	O
and	O
2018	O
,	O
there	O
was	O
a	O
consistent	O
outcry	O
from	O
customers	O
asking	O
Avid	O
to	O
upgrade	O
the	O
overall	O
interface	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
While	O
the	O
Media	B-Operating_System
Composer	I-Operating_System
team	O
worked	O
on	O
the	O
new	O
user	O
interface	O
,	O
the	O
engineers	O
and	O
architecture	O
team	O
retooled	O
the	O
underlying	O
code	O
and	O
video	O
engine	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
June	O
of	O
2019	O
,	O
Avid	O
released	O
Media	B-Operating_System
Composer	I-Operating_System
2019.6	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
As	O
of	O
late	O
2021	O
,	O
the	O
majority	O
of	O
Media	B-Operating_System
Composer	I-Operating_System
users	O
were	O
subscription-based	O
,	O
and	O
using	O
the	O
modern	O
user	O
interface	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
This	O
interface	O
has	O
SDI/HD	O
-SDI	O
inputs	O
and	O
outputs	O
,	O
HDMI	O
outputs	O
and	O
stereo	O
1/4	O
"	O
TRS	O
audio	O
inputs	O
and	O
outputs	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Avid	O
Nitris	O
DX	O
:	O
a	O
replacement	O
of	O
the	O
Adrenaline	O
hardware	O
,	O
a	O
successor	O
to	O
the	O
original	O
Avid	O
Nitris	O
(	O
used	O
with	O
Avid	B-Application
DS	I-Application
and	O
Avid	O
Symphony	O
)	O
,	O
with	O
architecture	O
offering	O
faster	O
processing	O
and	O
full	O
1920x1080	O
HD	O
resolution	O
(	O
without	O
extra	O
cards	O
)	O
in	O
addition	O
to	O
standard	O
definition	O
video	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Video	O
connections	O
include	O
SDI	B-Protocol
,	O
HD-SDI	B-Protocol
,	O
Composite	O
,	O
S-Video	O
and	O
Component	O
(	O
SD	O
or	O
HD	O
)	O
inputs	O
and	O
outputs	O
,	O
it	O
also	O
has	O
a	O
HDMI	O
output	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Starting	O
with	O
Media	B-Operating_System
Composer	I-Operating_System
v5.5	O
an	O
optional	O
AVC-Intra	O
codec	O
module	O
can	O
be	O
installed	O
in	O
the	O
Nitris	O
DX	O
for	O
native	O
playback	O
of	O
this	O
format	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
With	O
Media	B-Operating_System
Composer	I-Operating_System
v6.0	O
is	O
it	O
now	O
possible	O
to	O
have	O
two	O
DNxHD	O
or	O
AVC-Intra	O
modules	O
installed	O
for	O
dual	O
stream	O
stereoscopic	O
capture	O
and	O
full	O
resolution	O
stereoscopic	O
playback	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Media	B-Operating_System
Composer	I-Operating_System
as	O
standalone	O
software	O
(	O
with	O
optional	O
hardware	O
)	O
has	O
only	O
been	O
available	O
since	O
June	O
2006	O
(	O
version	O
2.5	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Before	O
that	O
,	O
Media	B-Operating_System
Composer	I-Operating_System
was	O
only	O
available	O
as	O
a	O
turnkey	O
system	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
From	O
1991	O
until	O
1998	O
,	O
Media	B-Operating_System
Composer	I-Operating_System
1000	O
,	O
4000	O
and	O
8000	O
systems	O
were	O
Macintosh-only	O
,	O
and	O
based	O
on	O
the	O
NuVista	O
videoboard	O
by	O
Truevision	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Additionally	O
,	O
Avid	O
marketed	O
the	O
Media	B-Operating_System
Composer	I-Operating_System
400	O
and	O
800	O
as	O
offline-only	O
editors	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
These	O
systems	O
exclusively	O
used	O
external	O
fast	O
SCSI	B-Architecture
drives	O
(	O
interfaced	O
through	O
a	O
SCSI	B-Architecture
accelerator	O
board	O
)	O
for	O
media	O
storage	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Avid	O
media	O
was	O
digitised	O
as	O
OMFI	B-General_Concept
(	O
Open	B-General_Concept
Media	I-General_Concept
Framework	I-General_Concept
Interchange	I-General_Concept
)	O
format	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
the	O
mid-nineties	O
,	O
versions	O
6	O
and	O
7	O
of	O
Media	B-Operating_System
Composer	I-Operating_System
1000	O
,	O
8000	O
and	O
9000	O
were	O
based	O
on	O
the	B-Operating_System
Avid	I-Operating_System
Broadcast	O
Video	O
Board	O
(	O
ABVB	O
)	O
,	O
supporting	O
video	O
resolutions	O
up	O
to	O
AVR77	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
1998	O
introduction	O
of	O
the	B-Operating_System
Avid	I-Operating_System
Symphony	O
marked	O
the	O
transition	O
from	O
ABVB	O
to	O
the	O
Meridien	O
hardware	O
,	O
allowing	O
for	O
uncompressed	O
SD	O
editing	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
This	O
introduction	O
was	O
also	O
the	O
first	O
version	O
of	O
Media	B-Operating_System
Composer	I-Operating_System
XL	O
available	O
for	O
the	O
Windows	B-Application
operating	I-Application
system	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
Media	B-Operating_System
Composer	I-Operating_System
XL	O
versions	O
8	O
through	O
12.0.5	O
(	O
models	O
MC	O
Offline	O
XL	O
,	O
MC	O
1000	O
XL	O
,	O
MC	O
9000XL	O
)	O
were	O
built	O
around	O
Meridien	O
hardware	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Avid	B-Operating_System
Media	I-Operating_System
Composer	I-Operating_System
Meridien	O
was	O
released	O
through	O
November	O
,	O
2003	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
launch	O
of	O
Avid	B-Operating_System
Media	I-Operating_System
Composer	I-Operating_System
Adrenaline	O
brought	O
along	O
a	O
software	O
version	O
renumbering	O
,	O
as	O
it	O
was	O
labeled	O
Avid	B-Operating_System
Media	I-Operating_System
Composer	I-Operating_System
Adrenaline	O
1.0	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Avid	O
products	O
maintain	O
compatibility	O
with	O
OMFI	B-General_Concept
files	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Adrenaline	O
was	O
the	O
first	O
Media	B-Operating_System
Composer	I-Operating_System
system	O
to	O
support	O
24bit	O
audio	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
also	O
meant	O
the	O
end	O
of	O
Film	O
Composer	O
and	O
Media	B-Operating_System
Composer	I-Operating_System
Offline	O
,	O
since	O
the	B-Operating_System
Avid	I-Operating_System
Media	B-Operating_System
Composer	I-Operating_System
Adrenaline	O
featured	O
most	O
of	O
the	O
film	O
options	O
and	O
online	B-Application
resolutions	O
and	O
features	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
From	O
this	O
point	O
onward	O
,	O
Avid	O
systems	O
have	O
supported	O
media	O
storage	O
using	O
SCSI	B-Architecture
,	O
PCI-e	O
,	O
SATA	O
,	O
IEEE	B-Protocol
1394a	I-Protocol
&	O
b	B-Protocol
,	O
Ethernet	O
and	O
fiberoptic	B-Architecture
interfaces	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
2006	O
,	O
Media	B-Operating_System
Composer	I-Operating_System
2.5	O
was	O
the	O
first	O
version	O
to	O
be	O
offered	O
'	O
software-only	O
'	O
,	O
giving	O
the	O
user	O
the	O
option	O
of	O
purchasing	O
and	O
using	O
the	O
software	O
without	O
the	O
additional	O
cost	O
of	O
the	O
external	O
accelerators	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Software-only	O
Avid	O
setups	O
could	O
use	O
third-party	O
breakout	O
boxes	O
,	O
usually	O
interfaced	O
via	O
FireWire	B-Protocol
,	O
to	O
acquire	O
video	O
from	O
SDI	B-Protocol
and	O
analog	O
sources	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Starting	O
with	O
Media	B-Operating_System
Composer	I-Operating_System
6	O
,	O
a	O
new	O
Open	O
IO	O
API	O
allowed	O
third-party	O
companies	O
to	O
interface	O
their	O
hardware	O
into	O
Media	B-Operating_System
Composer	I-Operating_System
.	O
</s>
<s>
AJA	O
Video	O
Systems	O
,	O
Blackmagic	O
Design	O
,	O
Matrox	B-Application
,	O
BlueFish	B-Application
and	O
MOTU	O
are	O
supporting	O
this	O
API	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
AJA	O
IO	O
Express	O
:	O
Starting	O
with	O
Media	B-Operating_System
Composer	I-Operating_System
5.5	O
,	O
introduced	O
support	O
for	O
the	O
AJA	O
IO	O
Express	O
interface	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
This	O
interface	O
will	O
allow	O
SD/HD	O
input	O
and	O
output	O
via	O
SDI	B-Protocol
and	O
HDMI	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Matrox	B-Application
MXO2	O
Mini	O
:	O
Starting	O
with	O
Media	B-Operating_System
Composer	I-Operating_System
5	O
,	O
Avid	O
introduced	O
support	O
for	O
the	O
Matrox	B-Application
MXO2	O
Mini	O
interface	O
,	O
as	O
a	O
breakout	O
box	O
with	O
no	O
additional	O
processing	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
While	O
this	O
interface	O
does	O
have	O
input	O
connections	O
,	O
only	O
output	O
is	O
supported	O
by	O
Media	B-Operating_System
Composer	I-Operating_System
v5.x	O
,	O
starting	O
with	O
Media	B-Operating_System
Composer	I-Operating_System
v6.x	O
you	O
can	O
capture	O
with	O
this	O
interface	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Avid	B-Operating_System
Media	I-Operating_System
Composer	I-Operating_System
compatible	O
hardware	O
is	O
manufactured	O
by	O
AJA	O
Video	O
Systems	O
,	O
Blackmagic	O
Design	O
,	O
BlueFish	B-Application
,	O
Matrox	B-Application
and	O
MOTU	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Avid	O
Mojo	O
SDI	B-Protocol
:	O
includes	O
Composite	O
,	O
S-Video	O
,	O
Component	O
and	O
SDI	B-Protocol
video	O
,	O
with	O
4	O
channels	O
RCA	O
,	O
4	O
channels	O
AES	O
and	O
2	O
channels	O
optical	O
S/PDIF	O
audio	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Avid	O
Adrenaline	O
:	O
rack	O
mountable	O
interface	O
which	O
includes	O
Composite	O
,	O
S-Video	O
,	O
Component	O
and	O
SDI	B-Protocol
video	O
,	O
4	O
channels	O
of	O
XLR	O
,	O
4	O
channels	O
of	O
AES	O
,	O
2	O
channels	O
of	O
S/PDIF	O
and	O
8	O
channels	O
of	O
ADAT	O
audio	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
This	O
interface	O
also	O
has	O
an	O
expansion	O
slot	O
for	O
the	O
DNxcel	O
card	O
which	O
adds	O
HD-SDI	B-Protocol
input	O
and	O
output	O
as	O
well	O
as	O
a	O
DVI	O
and	O
HD	O
component	O
outputs	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
AMA	O
-	O
Avid	O
Media	O
Access	O
,	O
the	O
ability	O
to	O
link	O
to	O
and	O
edit	O
with	O
P2	B-Device
,	O
XDCAM	O
,	O
R3D	O
,	O
QuickTime	B-Application
,	O
AVCHD	O
,	O
and	O
other	O
raw	O
media	O
directly	O
without	O
capture	O
or	O
consolidating/transcoding	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
RTAS	O
-	O
(	O
RealTime	O
AudioSuite	O
)	O
,	O
support	O
for	O
realtime	O
track-based	O
audio	B-Application
plug-ins	I-Application
on	O
the	O
timeline	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Starting	O
with	O
version	O
7	O
,	O
Symphony	O
became	O
paid	O
option	O
for	O
Media	B-Operating_System
Composer	I-Operating_System
;	O
with	O
version	O
8	O
,	O
it	O
was	O
included	O
with	O
monthly	O
and	O
annual	O
subscription	O
licenses	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
software	O
ships	O
with	O
installers	O
for	O
both	O
Mac	O
and	O
Windows	B-Application
and	O
can	O
physically	O
be	O
installed	O
on	O
several	O
computers	O
,	O
allowing	O
the	O
user	O
to	O
move	O
the	O
software	O
license	O
between	O
systems	O
or	O
platforms	O
depending	O
on	O
the	O
licensing	O
method	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
With	O
Media	B-Operating_System
Composer	I-Operating_System
8	O
,	O
Avid	O
introduced	O
monthly	O
and	O
annual	O
subscription	O
licensing	O
systems	O
similar	O
to	O
Adobe	B-Operating_System
Creative	I-Operating_System
Cloud	I-Operating_System
,	O
allowing	O
users	O
to	O
install	O
and	O
activate	O
Avid	O
without	O
purchasing	O
a	O
perpetual	O
license	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Media	B-Operating_System
Composer	I-Operating_System
licenses	O
must	O
be	O
confirmed	O
either	O
by	O
Avid	O
's	O
internet	O
servers	O
every	O
30	O
days	O
or	O
by	O
an	O
on-site	O
floating	O
license	O
server	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
MetaFuze	O
(	O
Windows	B-Application
only	O
)	O
,	O
a	O
standalone	O
application	O
to	O
convert	O
files	O
(	O
R3D	O
,	O
DPX	O
,	O
TIFF	O
)	O
from	O
film	O
scanning	O
,	O
CGI	O
systems	O
or	O
RED	O
camera	O
into	O
MXF	O
media	O
files	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Actually	O
based	O
on	O
an	O
import	O
module	O
that	O
was	O
taken	O
from	O
Avid	B-Application
DS	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
Some	O
boxed	O
versions	O
of	O
Media	B-Operating_System
Composer	I-Operating_System
came	O
with	O
the	O
following	O
third	O
party	O
software	O
:	O
</s>
<s>
DNxHD	O
codec	O
flavors	O
renamed	O
May	O
2020	O
macOS	O
,	O
Windows	B-Application
2020.5	O
Bug	O
fixes	O
June	O
2020	O
macOS	O
,	O
Windows	B-Application
2020.6	O
Variable-frame-rate	O
media	O
support	O
August	O
2020	O
macOS	O
,	O
Windows	B-Application
2020.8	O
Bug	O
fixesSeptember	O
,	O
2020macOS	O
:	O
</s>
