<s>
Maple	B-Language
is	O
a	O
symbolic	B-Algorithm
and	O
numeric	B-General_Concept
computing	O
environment	O
as	O
well	O
as	O
a	O
multi-paradigm	O
programming	O
language	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
covers	O
several	O
areas	O
of	O
technical	O
computing	O
,	O
such	O
as	O
symbolic	B-Algorithm
mathematics	I-Algorithm
,	O
numerical	B-General_Concept
analysis	I-General_Concept
,	O
data	O
processing	O
,	O
visualization	O
,	O
and	O
others	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
A	O
toolbox	O
,	O
MapleSim	B-Application
,	O
adds	O
functionality	O
for	O
multidomain	O
physical	O
modeling	O
and	O
code	O
generation	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Maple	B-Language
's	O
capacity	O
for	O
symbolic	B-Algorithm
computing	I-Algorithm
include	O
those	O
of	O
a	O
general-purpose	O
computer	B-General_Concept
algebra	I-General_Concept
system	I-General_Concept
.	O
</s>
<s>
Maple	B-Language
is	O
developed	O
commercially	O
by	O
the	O
Canadian	O
software	O
company	O
Maplesoft	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
name	O
'	O
Maple	B-Language
 '	O
is	O
a	O
reference	O
to	O
the	O
software	O
's	O
Canadian	O
heritage	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Custom	O
user	B-Application
interfaces	I-Application
can	O
also	O
be	O
created	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
There	O
is	O
support	O
for	O
numeric	B-General_Concept
computations	I-General_Concept
,	O
to	O
arbitrary	B-Algorithm
precision	I-Algorithm
,	O
as	O
well	O
as	O
symbolic	B-Algorithm
computation	I-Algorithm
and	O
visualization	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Examples	O
of	O
symbolic	B-Algorithm
computations	I-Algorithm
are	O
given	O
below	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Maple	B-Language
incorporates	O
a	O
dynamically	O
typed	O
imperative-style	O
programming	O
language	O
(	O
resembling	O
Pascal	B-Application
)	O
,	O
which	O
permits	O
variables	O
of	O
lexical	O
scope	B-Language
.	O
</s>
<s>
There	O
are	O
also	O
interfaces	O
to	O
other	O
languages	O
(	O
C	B-Language
,	O
C#	B-Application
,	O
Fortran	B-Application
,	O
Java	B-Language
,	O
MATLAB	B-Language
,	O
and	O
Visual	B-Language
Basic	I-Language
)	O
,	O
as	O
well	O
as	O
to	O
Microsoft	B-Application
Excel	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
Maple	B-Language
supports	O
MathML	B-Language
2.0	O
,	O
which	O
is	O
a	O
W3C	O
format	O
for	O
representing	O
and	O
interpreting	O
mathematical	O
expressions	O
,	O
including	O
their	O
display	O
in	O
web	O
pages	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
There	O
is	O
also	O
functionality	O
for	O
converting	O
expressions	O
from	O
traditional	O
mathematical	O
notation	O
to	O
markup	O
suitable	O
for	O
the	O
typesetting	O
system	O
LaTeX	B-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
Maple	B-Language
is	O
based	O
on	O
a	O
small	O
kernel	B-Algorithm
,	O
written	O
in	O
C	B-Language
,	O
which	O
provides	O
the	O
Maple	B-Language
language	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Most	O
of	O
the	O
libraries	O
are	O
written	O
in	O
the	O
Maple	B-Language
language	O
;	O
these	O
have	O
viewable	O
source	O
code	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Many	O
numerical	B-General_Concept
computations	I-General_Concept
are	O
performed	O
by	O
the	O
NAG	O
Numerical	O
Libraries	O
,	O
ATLAS	B-Language
libraries	O
,	O
or	O
GMP	B-Application
libraries	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Different	O
functionality	O
in	O
Maple	B-Language
requires	O
numerical	O
data	O
in	O
different	O
formats	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Symbolic	B-Algorithm
expressions	O
are	O
stored	O
in	O
memory	O
as	O
directed	O
acyclic	O
graphs	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
standard	O
interface	O
and	O
calculator	O
interface	O
are	O
written	O
in	O
Java	B-Language
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
first	O
concept	O
of	O
Maple	B-Language
arose	O
from	O
a	O
meeting	O
in	O
late	O
1980	O
at	O
the	O
University	O
of	O
Waterloo	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Researchers	O
at	O
the	O
university	O
wished	O
to	O
purchase	O
a	O
computer	O
powerful	O
enough	O
to	O
run	O
the	O
Lisp-based	B-Language
computer	B-General_Concept
algebra	I-General_Concept
system	I-General_Concept
Macsyma	B-Language
.	O
</s>
<s>
Instead	O
,	O
they	O
opted	O
to	O
develop	O
their	O
own	O
computer	B-General_Concept
algebra	I-General_Concept
system	I-General_Concept
,	O
named	O
Maple	B-Language
,	O
that	O
would	O
run	O
on	O
lower	O
cost	O
computers	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Aiming	O
for	O
portability	O
,	O
they	O
began	O
writing	O
Maple	B-Language
in	O
programming	O
languages	O
from	O
the	O
BCPL	B-Language
family	O
(	O
initially	O
using	O
a	O
subset	O
of	O
B	B-Language
and	O
C	B-Language
,	O
and	O
later	O
on	O
only	O
C	B-Language
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
By	O
the	O
end	O
of	O
1983	O
,	O
over	O
50	O
universities	O
had	O
copies	O
of	O
Maple	B-Language
installed	O
on	O
their	O
machines	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
1984	O
,	O
the	O
research	O
group	O
arranged	O
with	O
Watcom	O
Products	O
Inc	O
to	O
license	O
and	O
distribute	O
the	O
first	O
commercially	O
available	O
version	O
,	O
Maple	B-Language
3.3	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
1988	O
Waterloo	O
Maple	B-Language
Inc	O
.	O
(	O
Maplesoft	O
)	O
was	O
founded	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
company	O
's	O
original	O
goal	O
was	O
to	O
manage	O
the	O
distribution	O
of	O
the	O
software	O
,	O
but	O
eventually	O
it	O
grew	O
to	O
have	O
its	O
own	O
R&D	O
department	O
,	O
where	O
most	O
of	O
Maple	B-Language
's	O
development	O
takes	O
place	O
today	O
(	O
the	O
remainder	O
being	O
done	O
at	O
various	O
university	O
laboratories	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
1989	O
,	O
the	O
first	O
graphical	O
user	B-Application
interface	I-Application
for	O
Maple	B-Language
was	O
developed	O
and	O
included	O
with	O
version	O
4.3	O
for	O
the	O
Macintosh	B-Device
.	O
</s>
<s>
X11	O
and	O
Windows	B-Application
versions	O
of	O
the	O
new	O
interface	O
followed	O
in	O
1990	O
with	O
Maple	B-Language
V	O
.	O
In	O
1992	O
,	O
Maple	B-Language
V	O
Release	O
2	O
introduced	O
the	O
Maple	B-Language
"	O
worksheet	O
"	O
that	O
combined	O
text	O
,	O
graphics	O
,	O
and	O
input	O
and	O
typeset	O
output	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
1994	O
a	O
special	O
issue	O
of	O
a	O
newsletter	O
created	O
by	O
Maple	B-Language
developers	O
called	O
MapleTech	O
was	O
published	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
1999	O
,	O
with	O
the	O
release	O
of	O
Maple	B-Language
6	O
,	O
Maple	B-Language
included	O
some	O
of	O
the	O
NAG	O
Numerical	O
Libraries	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
2003	O
,	O
the	O
current	O
"	O
standard	O
"	O
interface	O
was	O
introduced	O
with	O
Maple	B-Language
9	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
This	O
interface	O
is	O
primarily	O
written	O
in	O
Java	B-Language
(	O
although	O
portions	O
,	O
such	O
as	O
the	O
rules	O
for	O
typesetting	O
mathematical	O
formulae	O
,	O
are	O
written	O
in	O
the	O
Maple	B-Language
language	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
Java	B-Language
interface	O
was	O
criticized	O
for	O
being	O
slow	O
;	O
improvements	O
have	O
been	O
made	O
in	O
later	O
versions	O
,	O
although	O
the	O
Maple11	O
documentation	O
recommends	O
the	O
previous	O
(	O
"	O
classic	O
"	O
)	O
interface	O
for	O
users	O
with	O
less	O
than	O
500MB	O
of	O
physical	O
memory	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Between	O
1995	O
and	O
2005	O
Maple	B-Language
lost	O
significant	O
market	O
share	O
to	O
competitors	O
due	O
to	O
a	O
weaker	O
user	B-Application
interface	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
With	O
Maple	B-Language
10	O
in	O
2005	O
,	O
Maple	B-Language
introduced	O
a	O
new	O
"	O
document	O
mode	O
"	O
interface	O
,	O
which	O
has	O
since	O
been	O
further	O
developed	O
across	O
several	O
releases	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
September	O
2009	O
Maple	B-Language
and	O
Maplesoft	O
were	O
acquired	O
by	O
the	O
Japanese	O
software	O
retailer	O
Cybernet	O
Systems	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Features	O
of	O
Maple	B-Language
include	O
:	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
following	O
code	O
,	O
which	O
computes	O
the	O
factorial	O
of	O
a	O
nonnegative	O
integer	O
,	O
is	O
an	O
example	O
of	O
an	O
imperative	B-Application
programming	I-Application
construct	O
within	O
Maple	B-Language
:	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
following	O
code	O
numerically	B-General_Concept
calculates	O
the	O
roots	O
of	O
a	O
high-order	O
polynomial	O
:	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
Maple	B-Language
engine	O
is	O
used	O
within	O
several	O
other	O
products	O
from	O
Maplesoft	O
:	O
</s>
<s>
Moebius	O
,	O
DigitalEd	O
's	O
online	O
testing	O
suite	O
,	O
uses	O
Maple	B-Language
to	O
algorithmically	O
generate	O
questions	O
and	O
grade	O
student	O
responses	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
MapleNet	B-Language
allows	O
users	O
to	O
create	O
JSP	B-Language
pages	O
and	O
Java	B-Language
Applets	B-Language
.	O
</s>
<s>
MapleNet	B-Language
12	O
and	O
above	O
also	O
allow	O
users	O
to	O
upload	O
and	O
work	O
with	O
Maple	B-Application
worksheets	I-Application
containing	O
interactive	O
components	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
MapleSim	B-Application
,	O
an	O
engineering	O
simulation	O
tool	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Maple	B-Language
Quantum	O
Chemistry	O
Package	O
from	O
RDMChem	O
computes	O
and	O
visualizes	O
the	O
electronic	O
energies	O
and	O
properties	O
of	O
molecules	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Listed	O
below	O
are	O
third-party	O
commercial	O
products	O
that	O
no	O
longer	O
use	O
the	O
Maple	B-Language
engine	O
:	O
</s>
<s>
Versions	O
of	O
Mathcad	B-Application
released	O
between	O
1994	O
and	O
2006	O
included	O
a	O
Maple-derived	O
algebra	O
engine	O
(	O
MKM	O
,	O
aka	O
Mathsoft	O
Kernel	B-Algorithm
Maple	B-Language
)	O
,	O
though	O
subsequent	O
versions	O
use	O
MuPAD	B-Language
.	O
</s>
<s>
Symbolic	B-Algorithm
Math	I-Algorithm
Toolbox	O
in	O
MATLAB	B-Language
contained	O
a	O
portion	O
of	O
the	O
Maple	B-Language
10	O
engine	O
,	O
but	O
now	O
uses	O
MuPAD	B-Language
(	O
starting	O
with	O
MATLAB	B-Language
R2007b+	O
release	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Older	O
versions	O
of	O
the	O
mathematical	O
editor	O
Scientific	B-Application
Workplace	I-Application
included	O
Maple	B-Language
as	O
a	O
computational	O
engine	O
,	O
though	O
current	O
versions	O
include	O
MuPAD	B-Language
.	O
</s>
