<s>
Manufacturing	B-Application
execution	I-Application
systems	I-Application
(	O
MES	O
)	O
are	O
computerized	B-General_Concept
systems	O
used	O
in	O
manufacturing	O
to	O
track	O
and	O
document	O
the	O
transformation	O
of	O
raw	O
materials	O
to	O
finished	O
goods	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
MES	O
may	O
operate	O
across	O
multiple	O
function	O
areas	O
,	O
for	O
example	O
management	O
of	O
product	O
definitions	O
across	O
the	O
product	O
life-cycle	O
,	O
resource	O
scheduling	B-Application
,	O
order	O
execution	O
and	O
dispatch	O
,	O
production	O
analysis	O
and	O
downtime	O
management	O
for	O
overall	O
equipment	O
effectiveness	O
(	O
OEE	O
)	O
,	O
product	O
quality	O
,	O
or	O
materials	O
track	O
and	O
trace	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Industry	O
groups	O
such	O
as	O
MESA	B-Application
International	O
-	O
Manufacturing	B-Application
Enterprise	I-Application
Solutions	I-Application
Association	I-Application
-	O
were	O
created	O
in	O
the	O
early	O
1990s	O
to	O
address	O
the	O
complexity	O
,	O
and	O
advise	O
on	O
the	O
execution	O
of	O
MES	O
Systems	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
"	O
Manufacturing	B-Application
Execution	I-Application
Systems	I-Application
 [ help ] 	O
create	O
flawless	O
manufacturing	O
processes	O
and	O
provide	O
real-time	O
feedback	O
of	O
requirement	O
changes	O
"	O
,	O
and	O
provide	O
information	O
at	O
a	O
single	O
source	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Then	O
the	O
Manufacturing	B-Application
Enterprise	I-Application
Solutions	I-Application
Association	I-Application
International	O
(	O
MESA	B-Application
)	O
introduced	O
some	O
structure	O
by	O
defining	O
11	O
functions	O
that	O
set	O
the	O
scope	O
of	O
MES	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
2000	O
,	O
the	O
ANSI/ISA	O
-95	O
standard	O
merged	O
this	O
model	O
with	O
the	O
Purdue	B-Library
Reference	I-Library
Model	I-Library
(	O
PRM	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Scheduling	B-Application
(	O
production	O
processes	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
These	O
activities	O
determine	O
the	O
production	O
schedule	O
as	O
a	O
collection	O
of	O
work	O
orders	O
to	O
meet	O
the	O
production	O
requirements	O
,	O
typically	O
received	O
from	O
enterprise	O
resource	O
planning	O
(	O
ERP	O
)	O
or	O
specialized	O
advanced	O
planning	O
and	O
scheduling	B-Application
systems	O
,	O
making	O
optimal	O
use	O
of	O
local	O
resources	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
MES	O
integrates	O
with	O
ISA-95	O
(	O
previous	O
Purdue	B-Library
Reference	I-Library
Model	I-Library
,	O
“	O
95	O
”	O
)	O
with	O
multiple	O
relationships	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
collection	O
of	O
systems	O
acting	O
on	O
the	O
ISA-95	O
Level	O
3	O
can	O
be	O
called	O
manufacturing	B-Application
operations	I-Application
management	I-Application
systems	O
(	O
MOMS	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Apart	O
from	O
an	O
MES	O
,	O
there	O
are	O
typically	O
laboratory	B-Application
information	I-Application
management	I-Application
system	I-Application
(	O
LIMS	B-Application
)	O
,	O
warehouse	B-Device
management	I-Device
system	I-Device
(	O
WMS	O
)	O
and	O
computerized	B-Application
maintenance	I-Application
management	I-Application
system	I-Application
(	O
CMMS	B-Application
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
many	O
cases	O
,	O
middleware	B-General_Concept
enterprise	B-Architecture
application	I-Architecture
integration	I-Architecture
(	O
EAI	O
)	O
systems	O
are	O
being	O
used	O
to	O
exchange	O
transaction	O
messages	O
between	O
MES	O
and	O
Level	O
4	O
systems	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Systems	O
acting	O
on	O
ISA-95	O
Level	O
2	O
are	O
supervisory	O
control	O
and	O
data	O
acquisition	O
(	O
SCADA	O
)	O
,	O
programmable	B-Architecture
logic	I-Architecture
controllers	I-Architecture
(	O
PLC	O
)	O
,	O
distributed	O
control	O
systems	O
(	O
DCS	O
)	O
and	O
building	O
automation	O
systems	O
(	O
BAS	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Until	O
recently	O
,	O
the	O
industry	O
standard	O
for	O
plant	O
floor	O
connectivity	O
has	O
been	O
OLE	O
for	O
Process	O
Control	O
(	O
OPC	O
)	O
,	O
but	O
it	O
is	O
now	O
moving	O
to	O
OPC	O
Unified	O
Architecture	O
(	O
OPC-UA	O
)	O
;	O
meaning	O
that	O
OPC-UA	O
compatible	O
systems	O
will	O
not	O
necessarily	O
run	O
only	O
on	O
Microsoft	B-Application
Windows	I-Application
environment	O
,	O
but	O
will	O
also	O
be	O
able	O
to	O
run	O
on	O
Linux	B-Application
or	O
other	O
embedded	O
systems	O
,	O
decreasing	O
the	O
cost	O
of	O
SCADA	O
systems	O
,	O
and	O
rendering	O
them	O
more	O
open	O
with	O
robust	O
security	O
.	O
</s>
