<s>
The	O
Mamyshev	B-Protocol
2R	I-Protocol
regenerator	I-Protocol
is	O
an	O
all-optical	O
regenerator	B-Protocol
used	O
in	O
optical	O
communications	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
schematic	O
of	O
the	O
conventional	O
Mamyshev	O
regenerator	B-Protocol
is	O
shown	O
below	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
self-phase	O
modulation-induced	O
spectral	O
broadening	O
is	O
generated	O
in	O
a	O
single-mode	B-Device
optical	I-Device
fiber	I-Device
with	O
a	O
length	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Several	O
types	O
of	O
fibers	O
have	O
been	O
successfully	O
tested	O
:	O
non-zero	B-Architecture
dispersion-shifted	I-Architecture
fibers	I-Architecture
,	O
highly	O
nonlinear	O
silica	O
fibers	O
(	O
HNLF	O
)	O
,	O
microstructured	B-Device
silica	I-Device
fibers	I-Device
,	O
chalcogenide	O
fibers	O
or	O
tellurite	O
fibers	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
Mamyshev	O
regenerator	B-Protocol
can	O
handle	O
return-to-zero	B-Protocol
signals	O
with	O
ultrahigh	O
data	O
bit	O
rates	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Indeed	O
,	O
thanks	O
to	O
the	O
quasi-instantaneous	O
response	O
of	O
the	O
nonlinear	O
Kerr	O
effect	O
,	O
this	O
regenerator	B-Protocol
does	O
not	O
suffer	O
from	O
the	O
finite	O
recover	O
time	O
of	O
some	O
saturable	O
absorbers	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
interest	O
of	O
the	O
Mamyshev	O
regenerator	B-Protocol
lies	O
in	O
its	O
ability	O
to	O
regenerate	O
simultaneously	O
the	O
'	O
ones	O
 '	O
and	O
'	O
zeros	O
 '	O
bit	O
of	O
information	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
key	O
effect	O
affecting	O
the	O
pulse	O
evolution	O
in	O
the	O
regenerator	B-Protocol
is	O
the	O
self-phase	O
modulation	O
that	O
broadens	O
the	O
spectrum	O
in	O
proportion	O
to	O
the	O
intensity	O
of	O
the	O
initial	O
optical	O
pulse	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
For	O
a	O
careful	O
design	O
of	O
the	O
regenerator	B-Protocol
and	O
an	O
appropriate	O
combination	O
of	O
filter	O
parameter	O
(	O
spectral	O
offset	O
and	O
bandwidth	O
)	O
/	O
fiber	O
parameter	O
(	O
length	O
,	O
dispersion	O
and	O
nonlinearity	O
values	O
)	O
,	O
a	O
reduction	O
of	O
amplitude	O
fluctuations	O
can	O
also	O
be	O
achieved	O
,	O
leading	O
to	O
power	O
equalization	O
of	O
the	O
pulse	O
stream	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
modelling	O
results	O
for	O
the	O
2R	O
regenerator	B-Protocol
are	O
shown	O
with	O
the	O
article	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
Figure	O
1	O
,	O
the	O
upper	O
panel	O
shows	O
regenerated	O
pulse	O
from	O
the	O
input	O
(	O
lower	O
panel	O
)	O
for	O
the	O
Mamyshev	B-Protocol
2R	I-Protocol
regenerator	I-Protocol
.	O
</s>
<s>
An	O
important	O
property	O
of	O
a	O
Mamyshev	O
regenerator	B-Protocol
is	O
its	O
transfer	O
function	O
that	O
links	O
the	O
output	O
peak	O
power	O
to	O
the	O
input	O
peak	O
power	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
the	O
design	O
of	O
this	O
nonlinear	O
regenerator	B-Protocol
,	O
care	O
should	O
be	O
given	O
to	O
avoid	O
the	O
consequences	O
of	O
deleterious	O
Brillouin	B-Algorithm
backscattering	I-Algorithm
as	O
well	O
as	O
pulse	O
to	O
pulse	O
interaction	O
leading	O
to	O
patterning	O
effects	O
in	O
the	O
output	O
sequence	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
Mamyshev	O
regenerator	B-Protocol
in	O
its	O
standard	O
configuration	O
is	O
limited	O
to	O
single-wavelength	O
operation	O
in	O
order	O
to	O
prevent	O
from	O
cross-phase	O
modulation	O
(	O
XPM	O
)	O
effects	O
from	O
adjacent	O
channels	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
number	O
of	O
channels	O
that	O
can	O
be	O
handled	O
has	O
been	O
increased	O
up	O
to	O
four	O
thanks	O
to	O
polarization	O
multiplexing	B-Architecture
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
Mamyshev	O
regenerator	B-Protocol
may	O
suffer	O
from	O
a	O
poor	O
yield	O
:	O
the	O
spectral	O
filtering	O
of	O
the	O
expanded	O
spectrum	O
induces	O
high	O
intrinsic	O
energy	O
loss	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
order	O
to	O
compensate	O
those	O
losses	O
,	O
distributed	O
Raman	B-Algorithm
amplification	I-Algorithm
can	O
be	O
involved	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Mamyshev	O
technique	O
has	O
also	O
been	O
used	O
for	O
OCDMA	O
transmission	O
and	O
it	O
has	O
been	O
proposed	O
to	O
use	O
the	O
Mamyshev	O
setup	O
in	O
the	O
framework	O
of	O
optical	B-Protocol
performance	I-Protocol
monitoring	I-Protocol
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
reshaping	O
features	O
of	O
the	O
Mamyshev	O
regenerator	B-Protocol
have	O
also	O
been	O
combined	O
with	O
a	O
polarization	O
attraction	O
process	O
that	O
enables	O
to	O
simultaneously	O
regenerate	O
thepolarization	O
state	O
and	O
the	O
intensity	O
profile	O
of	O
degraded	O
pulse	O
streams	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Other	O
example	O
has	O
been	O
achieved	O
with	O
the	O
contrast	O
enhancement	O
by	O
several	O
orders	O
of	O
magnitude	O
of	O
mJ	O
femtosecond	O
pulse	O
in	O
Argon-filled	O
hollow	B-Device
core	I-Device
fiber	I-Device
.	O
</s>
