<s>
Mahjong	B-Application
solitaire	I-Application
(	O
also	O
known	O
as	O
Shanghai	B-Application
solitaire	I-Application
,	O
electronic	O
or	O
computerized	O
mahjong	B-Application
,	O
solitaire	B-Application
mahjong	I-Application
or	O
simply	O
mahjong	B-Application
)	O
is	O
a	O
single-player	O
matching	O
game	O
that	O
uses	O
a	O
set	O
of	O
mahjong	B-Application
tiles	O
rather	O
than	O
cards	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Its	O
name	O
comes	O
from	O
the	O
four-player	O
game	O
mahjong	B-Application
,	O
but	O
it	O
is	O
played	O
entirely	O
differently	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Playing	O
Mahjong	B-Application
solitaire	I-Application
optimally	O
in	O
the	O
sense	O
to	O
maximize	O
the	O
probability	O
of	O
removing	O
all	O
tiles	O
is	O
PSPACE-complete	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
game	O
is	O
NP-complete	O
if	O
looking	O
below	O
tiles	O
is	O
allowed	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Mahjong	B-Application
solitaire	I-Application
can	O
be	O
played	O
using	O
genuine	O
tiles	O
and	O
a	O
special	O
wooden	O
frame	O
for	O
set-up	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Some	O
electronic	O
Mahjong	B-Application
solitaire	I-Application
games	O
offer	O
extra	O
options	O
,	O
such	O
as	O
:	O
</s>
<s>
Playing	O
a	O
series	O
of	O
different	O
layouts	O
with	O
varying	O
levels	O
of	O
difficulty	O
(	O
usually	O
given	O
Chinese-looking	O
names	O
such	O
as	O
'	O
the	O
ox	B-Language
 '	O
or	O
'	O
the	O
snake	B-General_Concept
 '	O
)	O
;	O
</s>
<s>
Mahjong	B-Application
solitaire	I-Application
can	O
be	O
played	O
either	O
solo	O
or	O
with	O
a	O
partner	O
,	O
in	O
which	O
case	O
the	O
aim	O
is	O
to	O
accumulate	O
the	O
most	O
pairs	O
,	O
to	O
be	O
the	O
last	O
one	O
to	O
match	O
a	O
pair	O
,	O
or	O
to	O
score	O
the	O
most	O
points	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Using	O
traditional	O
mahjong	B-Application
tiles	O
,	O
the	O
sets	O
include	O
the	O
dragons	O
,	O
the	O
flowers	O
,	O
the	O
seasons	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
winds	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
computer	O
game	O
was	O
originally	O
created	O
by	O
Brodie	O
Lockard	O
in	O
1981	O
on	O
the	O
PLATO	B-Operating_System
system	I-Operating_System
and	O
named	O
Mah-Jongg	O
after	O
the	O
game	O
that	O
uses	O
the	O
same	O
tiles	O
for	O
play	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Control	O
Data	O
Corporation	O
released	O
a	O
new	O
version	O
as	O
a	O
paid	O
online	B-Application
game	I-Application
in	O
1983	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Activision	O
released	O
Shanghai	B-Device
in	O
1986	O
for	O
the	O
IBM	B-Device
Personal	I-Device
Computer	I-Device
,	O
Commodore	B-Device
Amiga	I-Device
,	O
Macintosh	B-Device
,	O
Atari	B-Device
ST	I-Device
and	O
Apple	B-Device
IIgs	I-Device
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
Macintosh	B-Device
version	O
was	O
created	O
by	O
Brodie	O
Lockard	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
Apple	B-Device
IIGS	I-Device
version	O
was	O
ported	O
from	O
the	O
Macintosh	B-Device
by	O
Ivan	O
Manley	O
with	O
Brad	O
Fregger	O
as	O
the	O
producer	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
name	O
"	O
Shanghai	B-Device
"	O
was	O
trademarked	O
by	O
Activision	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
As	O
the	O
game	O
is	O
based	O
on	O
mahjong	B-Application
tiles	O
,	O
some	O
confusion	O
arose	O
with	O
the	O
4-player	O
mahjong	B-Application
game	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Although	O
the	O
name	O
mahjong	B-Application
solitaire	I-Application
is	O
widely	O
used	O
,	O
other	O
names	O
include	O
The	O
Turtle	O
,	O
Shanghai	B-Application
Solitaire	I-Application
,	O
Taipei	B-Application
,	O
and	O
Kyodai	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
A	O
version	O
of	O
this	O
game	O
was	O
also	O
included	O
in	O
the	O
Microsoft	B-Application
Entertainment	I-Application
Pack	I-Application
for	O
Windows	O
3.x	O
in	O
1990	O
under	O
the	O
name	O
Taipei	B-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
was	O
subsequently	O
included	O
in	O
the	O
Best	B-Application
of	I-Application
Windows	I-Application
Entertainment	I-Application
Pack	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
Premium	O
editions	O
of	O
the	O
Windows	B-Application
Vista	I-Application
operating	I-Application
system	I-Application
and	O
Windows	B-Device
7	I-Device
include	O
a	O
version	O
of	O
the	O
game	O
known	O
as	O
Mahjong	B-Application
Titans	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
Mahjong	B-Application
Solitaire	I-Application
was	O
added	O
to	O
Clubhouse	B-Application
Games	I-Application
:	I-Application
51	I-Application
Worldwide	I-Application
Classics	I-Application
for	O
Nintendo	B-Application
Switch	I-Application
.	O
</s>
