<s>
Mac	B-Device
Mini	I-Device
(	O
stylized	O
as	O
Mac	B-Device
mini	I-Device
)	O
is	O
a	O
small	B-Device
form	I-Device
factor	I-Device
desktop	B-Device
computer	I-Device
developed	O
and	O
marketed	O
by	O
Apple	O
Inc	O
.	O
,	O
it	O
is	O
positioned	O
between	O
the	O
consumer	O
all-in-one	O
iMac	B-Device
and	O
the	O
professional	O
Mac	B-Device
Studio	I-Device
and	O
Mac	B-Device
Pro	I-Device
as	O
one	O
of	O
four	O
current	O
Mac	B-Device
desktop	B-Device
computers	I-Device
.	O
</s>
<s>
Since	O
launch	O
,	O
it	O
has	O
shipped	O
without	O
a	O
display	B-Device
,	O
keyboard	B-Device
,	O
and	O
mouse	B-Device
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
machine	O
was	O
initially	O
branded	O
as	O
"	O
BYODKM	O
"	O
(	O
Bring	O
Your	O
Own	O
Display	B-Device
,	O
Keyboard	B-Device
,	O
and	O
Mouse	B-Device
)	O
as	O
a	O
strategic	O
pitch	O
to	O
encourage	O
users	O
to	O
switch	O
from	O
Windows	B-Application
and	O
Linux	B-Application
computers	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
January	O
2005	O
,	O
the	O
original	O
Mac	B-Device
Mini	I-Device
was	O
introduced	O
with	O
the	O
PowerPC	B-General_Concept
G4	I-General_Concept
CPU	B-General_Concept
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
February	O
2006	O
,	O
Apple	O
announced	O
a	O
new	O
Intel	B-Device
Core	I-Device
Solo	O
model	O
,	O
the	O
first	O
with	O
an	O
Intel	O
processor	B-General_Concept
.	O
</s>
<s>
A	O
thinner	O
unibody	O
redesign	O
,	O
unveiled	O
in	O
June	O
2010	O
,	O
added	O
an	O
HDMI	B-Protocol
port	O
,	O
and	O
was	O
more	O
readily	O
positioned	O
as	O
a	O
home	O
theater	O
device	O
and	O
an	O
alternative	O
to	O
the	O
Apple	B-Device
TV	I-Device
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
2018	O
Space	O
Gray	O
Mac	B-Device
Mini	I-Device
model	O
has	O
Thunderbolt	B-Protocol
,	O
an	O
Intel	B-Device
Core	I-Device
i5	I-Device
or	O
i7	B-Device
CPU	B-General_Concept
,	O
and	O
also	O
changed	O
the	O
case	O
's	O
default	O
silver	O
for	O
space	O
gray	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
This	O
model	O
also	O
has	O
solid-state	B-Device
storage	I-Device
and	O
replaces	O
most	O
of	O
the	O
data	O
ports	O
with	O
USB-C	O
sockets	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
Apple	B-Device
silicon	I-Device
Mac	B-Device
Mini	I-Device
was	O
introduced	O
in	O
November	O
2020	O
in	O
the	O
original	O
silver	O
style	O
;	O
the	O
2018	O
space	O
gray	O
model	O
remained	O
available	O
as	O
a	O
high-end	O
model	O
with	O
more	O
RAM	B-Architecture
options	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
A	O
server	B-Application
version	O
of	O
the	O
Mac	B-Device
Mini	I-Device
that	O
is	O
bundled	O
with	O
the	O
Server	B-Application
edition	O
of	O
the	O
OS	B-Operating_System
X	I-Operating_System
operating	B-Operating_System
system	I-Operating_System
was	O
offered	O
from	O
2009	O
to	O
2014	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
Mac	B-Device
Mini	I-Device
received	O
generally	O
tepid	O
reviews	O
except	O
for	O
the	O
Apple	B-Device
silicon	I-Device
model	O
,	O
which	O
was	O
praised	O
for	O
its	O
compatibility	O
,	O
performance	O
,	O
processor	B-General_Concept
,	O
price	O
,	O
and	O
power	O
efficiencies	O
,	O
though	O
it	O
drew	O
some	O
occasional	O
criticisms	O
for	O
its	O
ports	O
,	O
speaker	O
,	O
integrated	O
graphics	O
,	O
non-user-upgradable	O
RAM	B-Architecture
and	O
storage	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
expensive	O
cost	O
to	O
buy	O
associated	O
accessories	O
and	O
displays	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
Mac	B-Device
Mini	I-Device
was	O
modeled	O
on	O
the	O
shape	O
of	O
a	O
standard	O
digital	O
media	O
player	O
,	O
and	O
runs	O
the	O
macOS	B-Operating_System
operating	B-Operating_System
system	I-Operating_System
(	O
previously	O
Mac	B-Operating_System
OS	I-Operating_System
X	I-Operating_System
and	O
OS	B-Operating_System
X	I-Operating_System
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
was	O
initially	O
advertised	O
as	O
"	O
BYODKM	O
"	O
(	O
Bring	O
Your	O
Own	O
Display	B-Device
,	O
Keyboard	B-Device
,	O
and	O
Mouse	B-Device
)	O
,	O
aiming	O
to	O
expand	O
Apple	O
's	O
market-share	O
of	O
customers	O
using	O
other	O
operating	O
systems	O
such	O
as	O
Microsoft	B-Application
Windows	I-Application
and	O
Linux	B-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
Mac	B-Device
Mini	I-Device
was	O
the	O
company	O
's	O
only	O
consumer	O
computer	O
that	O
shipped	O
without	O
a	O
paired	O
display	B-Device
,	O
keyboard	B-Device
,	O
and	O
mouse	B-Device
since	O
its	O
original	O
release	O
in	O
2005	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
A	O
removable	O
panel	O
was	O
attached	O
to	O
the	O
bottom	O
of	O
the	O
chassis	O
of	O
the	O
Mac	B-Device
Minis	I-Device
to	O
allow	O
for	O
Random	B-Architecture
Access	I-Architecture
Memory	I-Architecture
(	O
RAM	B-Architecture
)	O
upgrades	O
for	O
the	O
third	O
and	O
the	O
fourth	O
models	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Since	O
the	O
unibody	O
redesign	O
in	O
2010	O
,	O
the	O
Kensington	O
Security	O
Slot	O
and	O
the	O
optical	O
drive	O
were	O
removed	O
from	O
all	O
models	O
,	O
leaving	O
internal	O
storage	O
spaces	O
for	O
either	O
a	O
second	O
internal	B-Device
hard	I-Device
drive	I-Device
or	O
an	O
SSD	B-Device
,	O
which	O
can	O
be	O
ordered	O
from	O
Apple	O
or	O
as	O
an	O
upgrade	O
kit	O
from	O
third	O
party	O
suppliers	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Apple	O
's	O
release	O
of	O
a	O
small	B-Device
form	I-Device
factor	I-Device
computer	O
had	O
been	O
widely	O
speculated	O
upon	O
and	O
requested	O
before	O
the	O
Mac	B-Device
Mini	I-Device
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
January	O
2005	O
,	O
the	O
Mac	B-Device
Mini	I-Device
G4	O
was	O
introduced	O
alongside	O
the	O
iPod	B-Application
shuffle	I-Application
at	O
the	O
Macworld	O
Conference	O
&	O
Expo	O
;	O
Apple	O
CEO	O
Steve	O
Jobs	O
marketed	O
"	O
The	O
cheapest	O
,	O
and	O
most	O
affordable	O
Mac	B-Device
ever	O
"	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
comparison	O
to	O
regular	O
desktops	O
,	O
which	O
use	O
standard-sized	O
components	O
such	O
as	O
3.5-inch	O
hard	B-Device
drives	I-Device
and	O
full-size	O
DIMMs	B-General_Concept
,	O
the	O
Mac	B-Device
Mini	I-Device
G4	O
uses	O
low-power	O
laptop	O
components	O
to	O
fit	O
into	O
small	O
cases	O
and	O
avoid	O
overheating	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
aluminum	O
case	O
,	O
the	O
top	O
and	O
bottom	O
of	O
which	O
is	O
capped	O
with	O
polycarbonate	O
plastic	O
,	O
has	O
an	O
optical	O
drive	O
slot	O
on	O
the	O
front	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
I/O	B-Protocol
ports	I-Protocol
and	O
vents	O
for	O
the	O
cooling	O
system	O
on	O
the	O
back	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Mac	B-Device
Mini	I-Device
G4	O
has	O
no	O
visible	O
screws	O
,	O
reflecting	O
Apple	O
's	O
intention	O
the	O
computer	O
may	O
not	O
be	O
upgraded	O
by	O
the	O
user	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Some	O
Mac	B-Device
Mini	I-Device
owners	O
used	O
a	O
putty	O
knife	O
or	O
a	O
pizza	O
cutter	O
to	O
open	O
the	O
case	O
to	O
install	O
third-party	O
memory	B-Architecture
,	O
which	O
could	O
be	O
obtained	O
less	O
expensively	O
than	O
Apple	O
's	O
offering	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
Mac	B-Device
Mini	I-Device
G4	O
is	O
based	O
on	O
a	O
single-core	O
,	O
32-bit	O
,	O
PowerPC	B-Architecture
CPU	B-General_Concept
with	O
512	O
KB	O
of	O
on-chip	O
L2	O
cache	B-General_Concept
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
processor	B-General_Concept
,	O
running	O
at	O
1.25	O
,	O
1.33	O
,	O
1.42	O
,	O
or	O
1.5GHz	O
depending	O
on	O
the	O
model	O
,	O
accesses	O
memory	B-Architecture
through	O
a	O
front-side	B-Architecture
bus	I-Architecture
clocked	O
at	O
167MHz	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
CPU	B-General_Concept
can	O
be	O
overclocked	B-Application
to	O
higher	O
frequencies	O
by	O
either	O
soldering	O
or	O
desoldering	O
certain	O
zero-ohm	O
resistors	O
on	O
the	O
logic	O
board	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
An	O
ATI	O
Radeon	B-Device
9200	I-Device
graphics	B-Architecture
processor	I-Architecture
(	O
GPU	B-Architecture
)	O
with	O
32	O
megabytes	O
(	O
MB	O
)	O
of	O
DDR	O
SDRAM	O
was	O
supplied	O
as	O
standard	O
;	O
in	O
the	O
final	O
2005	O
model	O
,	O
Apple	O
added	O
a	O
high-end	O
option	O
of	O
64MB	O
VRAM	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
Apple	O
's	O
early	O
marketing	O
of	O
the	O
Mac	B-Device
Mini	I-Device
G4	O
,	O
it	O
touted	O
the	O
superiority	O
the	O
discrete	O
graphics	O
board	O
over	O
the	O
integrated	O
graphics	O
in	O
many	O
budget	O
PCs	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
machine	O
uses	O
333MHz	O
DDR	O
SDRAM	O
and	O
has	O
one	O
desktop-sized	O
DIMM	B-General_Concept
slot	O
for	O
RAM	B-Architecture
,	O
allowing	O
a	O
maximum	O
of	O
1gigabyte	O
(	O
GB	O
)	O
of	O
memory	B-Architecture
,	O
a	O
relatively	O
small	O
amount	O
that	O
often	O
forced	O
the	O
system	O
to	O
page	B-Architecture
against	O
the	O
hard	B-Device
drive	I-Device
,	O
slowing	O
operation	O
considerably	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
Mac	B-Device
Mini	I-Device
G4	O
uses	O
a	O
single	O
2.5-inch	O
Ultra	O
ATA/100	O
hard	B-Device
drive	I-Device
that	O
offers	O
a	O
maximum	O
transfer	O
rate	O
of	O
100	O
megabytes	O
per	O
second	O
(	O
MB/s	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
is	O
not	O
possible	O
to	O
open	O
the	O
sealed	O
enclosure	O
to	O
upgrade	O
the	O
hard	B-Device
drive	I-Device
without	O
possibly	O
voiding	O
the	O
warranty	O
of	O
the	O
system	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
Mac	B-Device
Mini	I-Device
G4	O
also	O
contains	O
a	O
second	O
ATA	B-Protocol
cable	O
that	O
connects	O
to	O
the	O
optical	O
drive	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
A	O
Combo	B-Device
drive	I-Device
was	O
included	O
as	O
standard	O
while	O
a	O
SuperDrive	B-Device
that	O
could	O
write	O
to	O
DVDs	O
was	O
also	O
an	O
option	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
Mac	B-Device
Mini	I-Device
G4	O
has	O
two	O
USB	B-Protocol
2.0	O
ports	O
and	O
one	O
FireWire	B-Protocol
400	I-Protocol
port	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Networking	B-Architecture
is	O
supported	O
with	O
10/100	B-Protocol
Ethernet	I-Protocol
and	O
a	O
56k	O
V.92	O
modem	B-Application
,	O
while	O
802.11b/g	O
Wi-Fi	O
and	O
Bluetooth	B-Protocol
were	O
additional	O
,	O
build-to-order	O
options	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
External	O
displays	O
are	O
supported	O
via	O
a	O
DVI	B-Protocol
port	I-Protocol
,	O
and	O
adapters	O
for	O
VGA	B-Protocol
,	O
S-Video	O
,	O
and	O
composite	O
video	O
output	O
were	O
available	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
system	O
contains	O
a	O
built-in	O
speaker	O
and	O
an	O
1/8	O
-inch	O
stereo	O
mini	B-Device
jack	I-Device
for	O
analog	O
sound	O
output	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
Mac	B-Device
Mini	I-Device
G4	O
was	O
initially	O
supplied	O
with	O
Mac	B-Operating_System
OS	I-Operating_System
X	I-Operating_System
10.3	I-Operating_System
,	O
then	O
later	O
with	O
Mac	B-Application
OS	I-Application
X	I-Application
10.4	I-Application
,	O
and	O
can	O
run	O
Mac	B-Operating_System
OS	I-Operating_System
9	I-Operating_System
applications	O
,	O
as	O
long	O
as	O
a	O
bootable	O
copy	O
of	O
the	O
OS	B-Operating_System
9	I-Operating_System
system	B-Operating_System
folder	I-Operating_System
is	O
installed	O
from	O
which	O
to	O
run	O
the	O
Classic	O
environment	O
(	O
although	O
the	O
Mac	B-Device
Mini	I-Device
G4	O
cannot	O
natively	O
boot	O
to	O
Mac	B-Operating_System
OS	I-Operating_System
9	I-Operating_System
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
As	O
of	O
Mac	B-Application
OS	I-Application
X	I-Application
10.5	I-Application
,	O
the	O
ability	O
to	O
run	O
the	O
Classic	O
environment	O
was	O
removed	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Later	O
,	O
Mac	B-Operating_System
OS	I-Operating_System
9	I-Operating_System
was	O
able	O
to	O
run	O
on	O
the	O
Mac	B-Device
Mini	I-Device
G4	O
through	O
an	O
unofficial	O
patcher	O
,	O
though	O
this	O
was	O
not	O
supported	O
by	O
Apple	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
is	O
compatible	O
with	O
operating	O
systems	O
designed	O
for	O
the	O
PowerPC	B-Architecture
architecture	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Users	O
can	O
install	O
the	O
AmigaOS-compatible	O
MorphOS	B-Operating_System
,	O
OpenBSD	B-Operating_System
,	O
and	O
Linux	B-Application
distributions	O
such	O
as	O
Debian	O
and	O
Ubuntu	B-Operating_System
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
February	O
2006	O
,	O
Apple	O
announced	O
the	O
first	O
Intel	O
Mac	B-Device
Mini	I-Device
,	O
as	O
part	O
of	O
the	O
Mac	B-Device
's	I-Device
transition	I-Device
to	I-Device
Intel	I-Device
processors	I-Device
.	O
</s>
<s>
Based	O
on	O
the	O
Intel	B-Device
Core	I-Device
Solo	O
CPU	B-General_Concept
,	O
it	O
is	O
four	O
times	O
faster	O
than	O
its	O
predecessor	O
PowerPC	B-General_Concept
G4	I-General_Concept
.	O
</s>
<s>
An	O
updated	O
server	B-Application
version	O
of	O
the	O
machine	O
was	O
released	O
in	O
October	O
2009	O
,	O
having	O
been	O
marketed	O
as	O
an	O
affordable	O
server	B-Application
for	O
small	O
financial	O
and	O
academic	O
uses	O
;	O
this	O
model	O
omitted	O
the	O
optical	O
drive	O
and	O
used	O
a	O
hard	B-Device
drive	I-Device
instead	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
2006	O
and	O
2007	O
models	O
are	O
fitted	O
with	O
32-bit	O
Intel	B-Device
Core	I-Device
Solo	O
CPUs	O
that	O
is	O
upgradable	O
with	O
the	O
64-bit	O
Core	O
2	O
Duo	O
processors	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
2006	O
and	O
2007	O
Merom-based	O
Mac	B-Device
Mini	I-Device
models	O
were	O
supplied	O
with	O
socketed	O
CPUs	O
;	O
the	O
32-bit	O
processor	B-General_Concept
can	O
be	O
removed	O
,	O
and	O
replaced	O
with	O
a	O
compatible	O
64-bit	O
Intel	B-Device
Core	I-Device
2	O
Duo	O
processor	B-General_Concept
.	O
</s>
<s>
Geekbench	B-Application
has	O
shown	O
the	O
2.33GHz	O
Core	O
2	O
Duo	O
fitted	O
Mac	B-Device
Mini	I-Device
with	O
2GB	O
of	O
RAM	B-Architecture
has	O
a	O
score	O
of	O
3060	O
whereas	O
a	O
late	O
2009	O
Mac	B-Device
Mini	I-Device
with	O
2GB	O
of	O
RAM	B-Architecture
has	O
3056	O
making	O
the	O
two	O
machines	O
fairly	O
comparable	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
built-in	O
Intel	B-Device
GMA	I-Device
was	O
criticized	O
for	O
producing	O
stuttering	O
video	O
despite	O
supporting	O
hardware	B-General_Concept
accelerated	I-General_Concept
H.264	B-Application
video	O
playback	O
,	O
and	O
disappointing	O
frame	O
rates	O
in	O
graphics-intensive	O
3D	O
games	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
Intel-based	O
Mac	B-Device
Mini	I-Device
includes	O
four	O
USB	B-Protocol
2.0	O
ports	O
and	O
one	O
FireWire	B-Protocol
400	I-Protocol
port	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
I/O	B-Protocol
ports	I-Protocol
were	O
changed	O
with	O
the	O
early	O
2009	O
revision	O
,	O
adding	O
a	O
fifth	O
USB	B-Protocol
2.0	O
and	O
swapping	O
the	O
FireWire	B-Protocol
400	I-Protocol
port	O
for	O
a	O
FireWire	B-Protocol
800	O
port	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
An	O
infrared	O
receiver	O
was	O
added	O
,	O
allowing	O
the	O
use	O
of	O
an	O
Apple	B-Operating_System
Remote	I-Operating_System
.	O
</s>
<s>
Bluetooth	B-Protocol
2.0	I-Protocol
+EDR	I-Protocol
and	O
802.11g	O
Wi-Fi	O
became	O
standard	O
and	O
the	O
Ethernet	O
port	O
was	O
upgraded	O
to	O
Gigabit	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
A	O
built-in	O
56k	O
modem	B-Application
was	O
no	O
longer	O
available	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
2009	O
models	O
added	O
802.11	O
draft-n	O
and	O
later	O
802.11n	O
Wi-Fi	O
,	O
and	O
Bluetooth	B-Protocol
was	O
upgraded	O
from	O
2.0	O
to	O
2.1	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
External	O
displays	O
are	O
supported	O
through	O
a	O
DVI	B-Protocol
port	I-Protocol
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
2009	O
models	O
have	O
Mini-DVI	B-Protocol
and	O
Mini	B-Protocol
DisplayPort	I-Protocol
video	O
output	O
,	O
allowing	O
the	O
use	O
of	O
two	O
displays	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
Mini	B-Protocol
DisplayPort	I-Protocol
supports	O
displays	O
with	O
a	O
resolution	O
up	O
to	O
2560×1600	O
,	O
which	O
allows	O
use	O
of	O
the	O
30-inch	O
Cinema	O
Display	B-Device
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
Intel-based	O
Mac	B-Device
Mini	I-Device
has	O
separate	O
Mini-TOSLINK/3.5	O
mm	O
mini-jacks	O
that	O
support	O
both	O
analog	O
audio	O
input	B-General_Concept
and	I-General_Concept
output	I-General_Concept
,	O
and	O
optical	B-Protocol
digital	I-Protocol
S/PDIF	O
input	B-General_Concept
and	I-General_Concept
output	I-General_Concept
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
June	O
2010	O
,	O
Apple	O
redesigned	O
the	O
Mac	B-Device
Mini	I-Device
,	O
giving	O
it	O
a	O
more	O
compact	O
,	O
thinner	O
unibody	O
aluminum	O
case	O
that	O
has	O
an	O
internal	O
power	O
supply	O
,	O
an	O
SD	B-Device
card	I-Device
slot	O
,	O
a	O
Core	O
2	O
Duo	O
CPU	B-General_Concept
,	O
and	O
a	O
HDMI	B-Protocol
port	O
for	O
video	O
output	O
that	O
Apple	O
marketed	O
as	O
HDMI	B-Protocol
1.4	O
compliant	O
,	O
replacing	O
the	O
Mini-DVI	B-Protocol
port	O
of	O
the	O
previous	O
models	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
July	O
2011	O
,	O
a	O
hardware	O
update	O
was	O
announced	O
;	O
models	O
were	O
now	O
fitted	O
with	O
a	O
Thunderbolt	B-Protocol
port	I-Protocol
,	O
dual-core	B-Architecture
Intel	B-Device
Core	I-Device
i5	I-Device
and	O
4-core	O
i7	O
CPUs	O
,	O
support	O
for	O
up	O
to	O
16GB	O
of	O
memory	B-Architecture
,	O
Bluetooth	B-Protocol
4.0	O
,	O
and	O
either	O
an	O
Intel	B-Application
HD	I-Application
Graphics	I-Application
3000	O
integrated	O
graphics	O
or	O
an	O
AMD	O
Radeon	O
HD	O
6630M	O
dedicated	O
graphics	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
server	B-Application
model	O
was	O
upgraded	O
to	O
a	O
quad-core	B-Architecture
Core	B-Device
i7	I-Device
processor	B-General_Concept
.	O
</s>
<s>
Apple	O
updated	O
the	O
line	O
in	O
October	O
2012	O
,	O
with	O
Ivy	B-Device
Bridge	I-Device
processors	O
,	O
USB	B-Protocol
3.0	O
,	O
and	O
upgraded	O
graphics	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
October	O
2014	O
,	O
the	O
line	O
was	O
updated	O
with	O
Haswell	B-Device
processors	O
,	O
improved	O
graphics	O
,	O
802.11ac	O
Wi-Fi	O
,	O
and	O
Thunderbolt	B-Protocol
2	I-Protocol
,	O
with	O
a	O
second	O
Thunderbolt	B-Protocol
port	I-Protocol
replacing	O
the	O
FireWire	B-Protocol
800	O
port	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Two	O
holes	O
that	O
were	O
used	O
to	O
open	O
the	O
case	O
were	O
removed	O
from	O
the	O
case	O
because	O
the	O
memory	B-Architecture
,	O
being	O
soldered	O
to	O
the	O
logic	O
board	O
,	O
was	O
no	O
longer	O
upgradable	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Because	O
the	O
integrated	O
GPU	B-Architecture
does	O
not	O
have	O
its	O
own	O
dedicated	O
memory	B-Architecture
,	O
the	O
system	O
shares	O
some	O
of	O
the	O
main	O
system	O
memory	B-Architecture
with	O
it	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
4K	B-Architecture
video	I-Architecture
output	O
via	O
HDMI	B-Protocol
was	O
added	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
2014	O
updated	O
model	O
has	O
Intel	B-Application
Iris	I-Application
graphics	I-Application
(	O
GT3	O
)	O
,	O
which	O
greatly	O
outperforms	O
the	O
Intel	B-Application
HD	I-Application
Graphics	I-Application
4000	O
(	O
GT2	O
)	O
in	O
the	O
previous	O
models	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
2014	O
revision	O
underwent	O
internal	O
process	O
transition	O
to	O
dual-core	B-Architecture
CPUs	O
,	O
performing	O
a	O
lower-quality	O
of	O
multi-threaded	O
workloads	O
compared	O
to	O
the	O
quad-core	B-Architecture
processors	I-Architecture
in	O
the	O
2012	O
model	O
,	O
though	O
the	O
single-threaded	O
workload	O
interactions	O
speeds	O
increased	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
October	O
2018	O
,	O
Apple	O
announced	O
a	O
"	O
space	O
gray	O
"	O
-colored	O
Mac	B-Device
Mini	I-Device
with	O
Intel	O
Coffee	B-Device
Lake	I-Device
series	O
CPUs	O
,	O
the	O
T2	O
series	O
chip	O
for	O
internal	O
security	O
,	O
Bluetooth	B-Protocol
5	O
,	O
four	O
Thunderbolt	B-Protocol
3	I-Protocol
ports	O
with	O
USB	B-Protocol
3.1	O
gen	O
2	O
support	O
,	O
two	O
USB	B-Protocol
3.0	O
Type-A	O
ports	O
,	O
and	O
HDMI	B-Protocol
2.0	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
PCIe-based	O
flash	O
storage	O
is	O
standard	O
with	O
no	O
option	O
to	O
fit	O
a	O
hard	B-Device
drive	I-Device
.	O
</s>
<s>
RAM	B-Architecture
was	O
increased	O
to	O
a	O
baseline	O
of	O
8GB	O
and	O
a	O
maximum	O
of	O
64GB	O
of	O
SO-DIMM	O
DDR4	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
chassis	O
is	O
a	O
carryover	O
from	O
Mac	B-Device
Minis	I-Device
released	O
between	O
2010	O
and	O
2014	O
,	O
and	O
has	O
the	O
same	O
dimensions	O
,	O
but	O
its	O
color	O
was	O
changed	O
from	O
silver	O
to	O
"	O
space	O
gray	O
"	O
,	O
similar	O
to	O
the	O
iMac	B-Device
Pro	I-Device
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
2018	O
Mac	B-Device
Mini	I-Device
removes	O
legacy	O
I/O	B-General_Concept
such	O
as	O
the	O
SD	B-Device
card	I-Device
reader	O
,	O
SATA	O
drive	O
bay	O
,	O
IR	O
receiver	O
,	O
optical	O
S/PDIF	O
(	O
TOSLINK	B-Protocol
)	O
audio	O
out	O
,	O
and	O
audio	O
in	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
macOS	B-Device
Catalina	I-Device
added	O
support	O
for	O
Dolby	O
Atmos	O
,	O
Dolby	B-Device
Vision	I-Device
,	O
and	O
HDR10	B-Device
.	O
</s>
<s>
Memory	B-Architecture
can	O
again	O
be	O
replaced	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
According	O
to	O
Apple	O
,	O
memory	B-Architecture
is	O
not	O
officially	O
user-replaceable	O
,	O
and	O
requires	O
service	O
by	O
an	O
Apple	O
Store	O
or	O
Apple	O
Authorized	O
Service	O
Provider	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
CPU	B-General_Concept
and	O
flash	O
storage	O
are	O
soldered	O
to	O
the	O
logic	O
board	O
and	O
cannot	O
be	O
replaced	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Apple	O
discontinued	O
the	O
Core	B-Device
i3	I-Device
model	O
following	O
the	O
release	O
of	O
the	O
M1	B-Device
Mac	B-Device
Mini	I-Device
in	O
November	O
2020	O
,	O
but	O
continued	O
to	O
sell	O
the	O
Core	O
i5/i7	O
models	O
until	O
January	O
2023	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Model	O
2018	O
2018	O
Timetable	O
Release	O
date	O
November	O
7	O
,	O
2018	O
Discontinued	O
date	O
November	O
10	O
,	O
2020	O
January	O
17	O
,	O
2023	O
Model	O
numbers	O
Order	O
number	O
MRTR2MXNF2	O
(	O
after	O
March	O
2020	O
)	O
MRTT2MXNG2	O
(	O
after	O
March	O
2020	O
)	O
Model	O
number	O
A1993	O
Machine	O
model	O
Macmini8	O
,	O
1	O
Base	O
price	O
at	O
launch	O
US$799	O
US$1099	O
Performance	O
Processor	B-General_Concept
Coffee	B-Device
Lake	I-Device
Intel	O
Core	O
i3-8100B	O
4-core	O
CPU	B-General_Concept
Coffee	B-Device
Lake	I-Device
Intel	O
Core	O
i5-8500B	O
6-core	O
CPU	B-General_Concept
Optional	O
Frequency	O
(	O
boost	O
)	O
3.6	O
GHz	O
(	O
Core	B-Device
i3	I-Device
)	O
or	O
3.2	O
GHz	O
(	O
Core	B-Device
i7	I-Device
,	O
boost	O
to	O
4.6	O
GHz	O
)	O
3.0	O
GHz	O
(	O
Core	B-Device
i5	I-Device
,	O
boost	O
to	O
4.1	O
GHz	O
)	O
or	O
3.2	O
GHz	O
(	O
Core	B-Device
i7	I-Device
,	O
boost	O
to	O
4.6	O
GHz	O
)	O
Cores/threads	O
4/4	O
(	O
Core	B-Device
i3	I-Device
)	O
,	O
6/12	O
(	O
Core	B-Device
i7	I-Device
)	O
6/6	O
(	O
Core	B-Device
i5	I-Device
)	O
,	O
6/12	O
(	O
Core	B-Device
i7	I-Device
)	O
Cache	B-General_Concept
6	O
MB	O
(	O
Core	B-Device
i3	I-Device
)	O
,	O
12	O
MB	O
(	O
Core	B-Device
i7	I-Device
)	O
9	O
MB	O
(	O
Core	B-Device
i5	I-Device
)	O
,	O
12	O
MB	O
(	O
Core	B-Device
i7	I-Device
)	O
Memory	B-Architecture
8	O
GB	O
DDR4	O
SO-DIMM	O
2666	O
MHz	O
Security	O
chip	O
Apple	O
T2	O
Graphics	O
Intel	B-Application
UHD	I-Application
Graphics	I-Application
630	O
Video	O
support	O
Support	O
for	O
the	O
following	O
combination	O
of	O
maximum	O
concurrent	O
display	B-Device
setups	O
:	O
</s>
<s>
As	O
part	O
of	O
the	O
Mac	B-Device
transition	I-Device
to	I-Device
Apple	I-Device
silicon	I-Device
,	O
Apple	O
announced	O
a	O
new	O
Mac	B-Device
Mini	I-Device
with	O
the	O
Apple	B-Device
M1	I-Device
chip	O
on	O
November	O
10	O
,	O
2020	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
was	O
released	O
on	O
November	O
17	O
,	O
2020	O
,	O
and	O
was	O
one	O
of	O
the	O
first	O
three	O
Apple	O
silicon-based	O
Macs	B-Device
released	O
(	O
alongside	O
the	O
MacBook	B-Device
Air	I-Device
and	O
MacBook	B-Device
Pro	I-Device
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
With	O
the	O
M1	B-Device
,	O
this	O
Mac	B-Device
Mini	I-Device
has	O
a	O
3x	O
faster	O
eight-core	O
CPU	B-General_Concept
,	O
a	O
6x	O
faster	O
GPU	B-Architecture
,	O
and	O
15x	O
faster	O
machine	O
learning	O
performance	O
than	O
its	O
predecessor	O
,	O
the	O
base	O
2018	O
model	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Options	O
for	O
more	O
than	O
16GB	O
of	O
RAM	B-Architecture
are	O
not	O
available	O
on	O
M1-based	O
systems	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Support	O
for	O
external	O
displays	O
is	O
reduced	O
to	O
one	O
display	B-Device
over	O
USB-C/Thunderbolt	O
,	O
though	O
a	O
second	O
display	B-Device
can	O
be	O
connected	O
using	O
HDMI	B-Protocol
;	O
the	O
previous	O
Intel-based	O
model	O
could	O
drive	O
two	O
4K	B-Architecture
displays	I-Architecture
over	O
USB-C/Thunderbolt	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
On	O
April	O
20	O
,	O
2021	O
,	O
10	O
Gigabit	O
Ethernet	O
with	O
Lights	B-Application
Out	I-Application
Management	I-Application
was	O
added	O
as	O
a	O
built-to-order	O
option	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Its	O
internal	O
cooling	O
system	O
has	O
a	O
thermal-based	O
design	O
that	O
according	O
to	O
Apple	O
performs	O
five	O
times	O
more	O
quickly	O
than	O
the	O
best-selling	O
Windows-based	O
desktop	B-Device
computer	I-Device
in	O
its	O
price	O
range	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
price	O
of	O
the	O
Apple	B-Device
silicon	I-Device
Mac	B-Device
Mini	I-Device
dropped	O
US$100	O
from	O
that	O
of	O
the	O
previous	O
model	O
to	O
$699	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
added	O
support	O
for	O
Wi-Fi	O
6	O
,	O
USB4	O
,	O
and	O
6K	O
video	O
output	O
to	O
run	O
the	O
Pro	B-Device
Display	I-Device
XDR	I-Device
.	O
</s>
<s>
Externally	O
,	O
it	O
is	O
very	O
similar	O
to	O
the	O
2018	O
Mac	B-Device
Mini	I-Device
but	O
has	O
a	O
lighter	O
,	O
silver	O
finish	O
similar	O
to	O
that	O
of	O
the	O
models	O
released	O
from	O
2010	O
to	O
2014	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
release	O
of	O
the	O
Apple	B-Device
silicon	I-Device
Mac	B-Device
Mini	I-Device
was	O
preceded	O
by	O
the	O
June	O
2020	O
release	O
of	O
the	O
A12Z-based	O
Developer	B-Device
Transition	I-Device
Kit	I-Device
,	O
a	O
prototype	O
with	O
a	O
Mac	B-Device
Mini	I-Device
enclosure	O
made	O
for	O
developers	O
to	O
port	O
their	O
apps	O
to	O
Apple	B-Device
silicon	I-Device
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
2020	O
DTK	O
has	O
16GB	O
of	O
RAM	B-Architecture
,	O
512GB	O
of	O
storage	O
,	O
and	O
two	O
USB-C	O
ports	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
On	O
January	O
17	O
,	O
2023	O
,	O
Apple	O
announced	O
updated	O
models	O
based	O
on	O
the	O
M2	B-Device
and	I-Device
M2	I-Device
Pro	I-Device
chips	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
updated	O
models	O
also	O
include	O
Bluetooth	B-Protocol
5.3	O
and	O
Wi-Fi	O
6E	O
connectivity	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
M2	O
Pro	O
model	O
includes	O
two	O
additional	O
USB-C/Thunderbolt	O
ports	O
and	O
supports	O
HDMI	B-Protocol
2.1	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
Mac	B-Device
Mini	I-Device
has	O
been	O
praised	O
as	O
a	O
relatively	O
affordable	O
computer	O
with	O
a	O
solid	O
range	O
of	O
features	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Reviews	O
noted	O
it	O
is	O
possible	O
to	O
purchase	O
small	O
computers	O
at	O
the	O
same	O
price	O
with	O
faster	O
CPUs	O
,	O
better	O
graphics	O
cards	O
,	O
more	O
memory	B-Architecture
,	O
and	O
more	O
storage	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
small	O
size	O
has	O
made	O
the	O
Mac	B-Device
Mini	I-Device
particularly	O
popular	O
for	O
home	O
theater	O
use	O
,	O
and	O
its	O
size	O
and	O
reliability	O
has	O
helped	O
keep	O
resale	O
values	O
high	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Those	O
at	O
CNET	O
positively	O
identified	O
it	O
as	O
an	O
affordable	O
,	O
quiet	O
,	O
and	O
compact	O
machine	O
,	O
but	O
they	O
disliked	O
the	O
slow	O
hard	B-Device
drive	I-Device
and	O
that	O
it	O
only	O
had	O
two	O
below-expected	O
quantities	O
of	O
USB	B-Protocol
2.0	O
ports	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Ars	O
Technica	O
indicated	O
criticisms	O
on	O
its	O
non-user-upgradable	O
RAM	B-Architecture
and	O
storage	O
options	O
and	O
the	O
extra	O
expensive	O
fees	O
for	O
additional	O
drives	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Engadget	B-Application
aggregated	O
that	O
critics	O
generally	O
praised	O
the	O
Core	B-Device
Duo	I-Device
transition	O
,	O
connectivity	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
Front	B-Operating_System
Row	I-Operating_System
performance	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
CNET	O
admired	O
its	O
cost	O
,	O
software	O
,	O
home-theater	O
system	O
,	O
and	O
Windows	B-Application
compatibility	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Despite	O
this	O
,	O
they	O
found	O
criticisms	O
on	O
the	O
poor	O
video	O
output	O
graphic	B-Architecture
processing	I-Architecture
units	I-Architecture
,	O
small	O
hard	B-Device
drive	I-Device
,	O
and	O
the	O
limited	O
remote	O
controllability	O
and	O
upgrade	O
options	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
They	O
opposed	O
the	O
integrated	O
graphics	O
implemented	O
within	O
the	O
model	O
because	O
it	O
delivered	O
marginal	O
performance	O
when	O
compared	O
to	O
dedicated	O
graphics	B-Architecture
processors	I-Architecture
.	O
</s>
<s>
Engadget	B-Application
praised	O
the	O
HDMI	B-Protocol
port	O
,	O
compact	O
design	O
,	O
and	O
power	O
efficiency	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
CNET	O
wrote	O
a	O
positive	O
review	O
on	O
the	O
HDMI	B-Protocol
output	O
and	O
the	O
near-decent	O
graphics	O
capability	O
,	O
citing	O
criticisms	O
on	O
the	O
limited	O
user	O
upgrade	O
options	O
and	O
the	O
high	O
cost	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
They	O
wrote	O
negatively	O
on	O
its	O
high-cost	O
base	O
model	O
and	O
the	O
lack	O
of	O
GPU	B-Architecture
performance	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
an	O
Engadget	B-Application
review	O
,	O
it	O
was	O
admired	O
for	O
its	O
compact	O
design	O
,	O
versatile	O
port	O
selection	O
,	O
CPU	B-General_Concept
performance	O
,	O
and	O
that	O
it	O
was	O
the	O
least	O
expensive	O
in	O
the	O
Macintosh	B-Device
lineup	O
,	O
while	O
criticisms	O
included	O
the	O
limited	O
GPU	B-Architecture
performance	O
,	O
expensive	O
upgrade	O
options	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
non-user-upgradable	O
RAM	B-Architecture
.	O
</s>
<s>
CNET	O
wrote	O
positively	O
on	O
its	O
high-quality	O
processor	B-General_Concept
performances	O
,	O
the	O
ports	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
Ethernet	O
configuration	O
;	O
they	O
criticized	O
the	O
non-replaceable	O
integrated	O
graphics	O
and	O
the	O
expensive	O
cost	O
to	O
purchase	O
associated	O
accessories	O
and	O
displays	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Reviews	O
for	O
the	O
Apple	B-Device
silicon	I-Device
model	O
were	O
very	O
positive	O
in	O
the	O
media	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Wired	O
praised	O
its	O
relatively	O
low-cost	O
affordability	O
and	O
its	O
integration	O
of	O
Apple	B-Device
Silicon	I-Device
;	O
the	O
latter	O
was	O
assessed	O
as	O
efforts	O
of	O
significant	O
performance	O
and	O
power	O
efficiency	O
enhancements	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Similarly	O
,	O
ZDNet	O
wrote	O
positively	O
on	O
the	O
price	O
,	O
processor	B-General_Concept
units	O
,	O
compact	O
design	O
,	O
and	O
quiet	O
performance	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Nevertheless	O
,	O
they	O
argued	O
over	O
the	O
expensive	O
non-user-installable	O
RAM	B-Architecture
and	O
storage	O
upgrades	O
and	O
the	O
non-discrete-or-external	O
GPU	B-Architecture
.	O
</s>
<s>
Axon	O
evaluated	O
a	O
positive	O
grade	O
on	O
its	O
high-quality	O
performance	O
and	O
solid	O
Legacy	O
x86	O
macOS	B-Operating_System
app	O
compatibilities	O
,	O
citing	O
the	O
RAM	B-Architecture
and	O
storage	O
installment	O
limitation	O
as	O
his	O
chief	O
element	O
of	O
criticisms	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
addition	O
,	O
he	O
regarded	O
negatively	O
its	O
external	O
GPU	B-Architecture
incompatibility	O
,	O
low-quality	O
speaker	O
,	O
and	O
that	O
it	O
has	O
fewer	O
USB-C	O
ports	O
than	O
the	O
previous	O
Intel	O
model	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Due	O
to	O
its	O
similarity	O
,	O
compact	O
volume	O
and	O
functions	O
,	O
the	O
Mac	B-Device
Mini	I-Device
is	O
often	O
used	O
as	O
a	O
home	O
theater	O
PC	O
or	O
as	O
an	O
alternative	O
to	O
the	O
Apple	B-Device
TV	I-Device
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
system	O
has	O
a	O
native	O
interface	O
with	O
Front	B-Operating_System
Row	I-Operating_System
software	I-Operating_System
that	O
is	O
based	O
on	O
the	O
original	O
Apple	B-Device
TV	I-Device
interface	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Unlike	O
the	O
Apple	B-Device
TV	I-Device
,	O
the	O
Mac	B-Device
Mini	I-Device
is	O
backward	B-General_Concept
compatible	I-General_Concept
with	O
televisions	O
that	O
have	O
only	O
composite	O
or	O
S-Video	O
inputs	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Pre-2009	O
models	O
have	O
a	O
video	O
connector	O
that	O
is	O
compatible	O
with	O
DVI	B-Protocol
,	O
HDMI	B-Protocol
(	O
video	O
only	O
)	O
,	O
SVGA	O
,	O
S-Video	O
,	O
and	O
composite	O
video	O
with	O
appropriate	O
adapters	O
;	O
for	O
audio	O
output	O
,	O
it	O
has	O
both	O
the	O
analog	O
mini-headphone	O
port	O
and	O
a	O
digital	B-Protocol
optical	I-Protocol
fiber	I-Protocol
port	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
addition	O
of	O
a	O
HDMI	B-Protocol
port	O
on	O
the	O
2010	O
Mac	B-Device
Mini	I-Device
simplified	O
connection	O
to	O
high-definition	O
televisions	O
and	O
home	O
theater	O
AV	O
receivers	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
HDMI	B-Protocol
port	O
supports	O
video	O
resolutions	O
of	O
up	O
to	O
1080p	O
and	O
eight-channel	O
,	O
24-bit	O
audio	O
at	O
192kHz	O
,	O
and	O
Dolby	O
Surround	O
5.1	O
and	O
stereo	O
output	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
2014	O
model	O
added	O
4K	B-Architecture
output	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
2018	O
model	O
supports	O
Dolby	O
Atmos	O
,	O
Dolby	B-Device
Vision	I-Device
,	O
and	O
HDR10	B-Device
,	O
and	O
uses	O
the	O
macOS	B-Device
Catalina	I-Device
operating	B-Operating_System
system	I-Operating_System
.	O
</s>
<s>
Apple	O
offered	O
a	O
server	B-Application
configuration	O
of	O
the	O
Mac	B-Device
Mini	I-Device
that	O
was	O
originally	O
supplied	O
with	O
the	O
OS	B-Operating_System
X	I-Operating_System
Server	I-Operating_System
operating	B-Operating_System
system	I-Operating_System
,	O
a	O
version	O
of	O
OS	B-Operating_System
X	I-Operating_System
,	O
but	O
this	O
was	O
later	O
switched	O
to	O
the	O
standard	O
version	O
of	O
OS	B-Operating_System
X	I-Operating_System
with	O
a	O
separate	O
OS	B-Operating_System
X	I-Operating_System
Server	I-Operating_System
package	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
file	O
included	O
component	O
applications	O
such	O
as	O
"	O
Server	B-Application
App	O
"	O
and	O
"	O
File	O
Sharing	O
"	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
June	O
2011	O
,	O
it	O
was	O
available	O
from	O
Mac	B-Application
App	I-Application
Store	I-Application
for	O
other	O
Macintosh	B-Device
computers	I-Device
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
Mid	O
2010	O
Mac	B-Device
Mini	I-Device
Server	B-Application
was	O
initially	O
the	O
only	O
model	O
without	O
an	O
optical	O
drive	O
,	O
which	O
was	O
replaced	O
with	O
a	O
second	O
hard	B-Device
drive	I-Device
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
Mac	B-Device
Mini	I-Device
Server	B-Application
hardware	O
was	O
discontinued	O
in	O
the	O
Late	O
2014	O
model	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
macOS	B-Operating_System
Server	I-Operating_System
software	B-Application
package	I-Application
,	O
however	O
,	O
could	O
be	O
purchased	O
from	O
the	O
Mac	B-Application
App	I-Application
Store	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
2018	O
,	O
coinciding	O
with	O
the	O
release	O
of	O
macOS	B-Device
Mojave	I-Device
,	O
Apple	O
shipped	O
macOS	B-Operating_System
Server	I-Operating_System
version	O
5.71	O
,	O
which	O
stopped	O
bundling	O
open-source	O
services	O
including	O
DHCP	B-Protocol
,	O
DNS	B-Application
,	O
email	O
,	O
firewall	B-Application
,	O
FTP	B-Protocol
,	O
RADIUS	B-Protocol
,	O
VPN	B-Application
,	O
Web	O
,	O
and	O
Wiki	B-Protocol
.	O
</s>
<s>
Alternative	O
operating	O
systems	O
for	O
Mac	B-Device
users	O
include	O
Linux	B-Application
and	O
virtualized	B-General_Concept
Windows	B-Application
;	O
they	O
can	O
also	O
install	O
third-party	O
Unix	B-Application
packages	O
via	O
open-source	O
package	B-Application
managers	I-Application
such	O
as	O
Conda	O
,	O
Fink	O
,	O
Homebrew	O
,	O
MacPorts	O
,	O
Nix	O
,	O
pkgsrc	O
,	O
and	O
Rudix	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
A	O
few	O
services	O
,	O
such	O
as	O
caching	O
,	O
files	O
,	O
Time	B-Operating_System
Machine	I-Operating_System
,	O
and	O
Web	O
,	O
were	O
moved	O
to	O
the	O
macOS	B-Device
Mojave	I-Device
client	O
but	O
can	O
have	O
limited	O
configuration	O
capability	O
via	O
the	O
Sharing	O
control	O
panel	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
Apache	O
server	B-Application
GUI	B-Application
manager	O
is	O
replaced	O
by	O
apachectl	O
commands	O
in	O
Terminal	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
only	O
services	O
remaining	O
in	O
macOS	B-Operating_System
Server	I-Operating_System
5.7.1	O
are	O
Open	O
Directory	O
,	O
Profile	O
Manager	O
,	O
and	O
Xsan	O
.	O
</s>
