<s>
MacWrite	B-Operating_System
is	O
a	O
WYSIWYG	B-Application
word	B-General_Concept
processor	I-General_Concept
application	B-Application
released	O
along	O
with	O
the	O
first	O
Apple	B-Device
Macintosh	I-Device
systems	O
in	O
1984	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Together	O
with	O
MacPaint	B-Operating_System
,	O
it	O
was	O
one	O
of	O
the	O
two	O
original	O
"	O
killer	O
applications	O
"	O
that	O
propelled	O
the	O
adoption	O
and	O
popularity	O
of	O
the	O
GUI	B-Application
in	O
general	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
Mac	B-Device
in	O
particular	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
MacWrite	B-Operating_System
was	O
spun	O
off	O
to	O
Claris	O
,	O
which	O
released	O
a	O
major	O
update	O
in	O
1989	O
as	O
MacWrite	B-Operating_System
II	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
A	O
further	O
series	O
of	O
improvements	O
produced	O
1993	O
's	O
MacWrite	B-Operating_System
Pro	I-Operating_System
,	O
but	O
further	O
improvements	O
were	O
few	O
and	O
far	O
between	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
By	O
the	O
mid-1990s	O
,	O
MacWrite	B-Operating_System
was	O
no	O
longer	O
a	O
serious	O
contender	O
in	O
the	O
word	O
processing	O
market	O
,	O
development	O
ended	O
around	O
1995	O
,	O
and	O
it	O
was	O
completely	O
discontinued	O
in	O
1998	O
due	O
to	O
dwindling	O
sales	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
When	O
the	O
Mac	B-Device
was	O
first	O
being	O
created	O
,	O
it	O
was	O
clear	O
that	O
users	O
would	O
interact	O
with	O
it	O
differently	O
from	O
other	O
personal	O
computers	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Typical	O
computers	O
of	O
the	O
era	O
booted	O
into	O
text-only	O
DOS	B-Device
or	O
BASIC	O
command	B-Application
line	I-Application
environments	I-Application
,	O
requiring	O
the	O
users	O
to	O
type	O
in	O
commands	O
to	O
run	O
programs	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Some	O
of	O
these	O
programs	O
may	O
have	O
presented	O
a	O
graphical	B-Application
user	I-Application
interface	I-Application
of	O
their	O
own	O
,	O
but	O
on	O
the	O
Mac	B-Device
,	O
users	O
would	O
instead	O
be	O
expected	O
to	O
stay	O
in	O
the	O
standard	O
GUI	B-Application
both	O
for	O
launching	O
and	O
running	O
programs	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Having	O
an	O
approachable	O
,	O
consistent	O
GUI	B-Application
was	O
an	O
advantage	O
for	O
the	O
Mac	B-Device
platform	O
,	O
but	O
unlike	O
prior	O
personal	O
computers	O
,	O
the	O
Mac	B-Device
was	O
sold	O
with	O
no	O
programming	O
language	O
built-in	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
This	O
presented	O
a	O
problem	O
to	O
Apple	O
:	O
the	O
Mac	B-Device
was	O
due	O
to	O
be	O
launched	O
in	O
1983	O
(	O
originally	O
)	O
,	O
with	O
a	O
new	O
user	O
interface	O
paradigm	O
,	O
but	O
no	O
third-party	O
software	O
would	O
be	O
available	O
for	O
it	O
,	O
nor	O
could	O
users	O
easily	O
write	O
their	O
own	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
order	O
to	O
fill	O
this	O
void	O
,	O
several	O
members	O
of	O
the	O
Mac	B-Device
team	O
took	O
it	O
upon	O
themselves	O
to	O
write	O
simple	O
applications	O
to	O
fill	O
these	O
roles	O
until	O
third-party	O
developers	O
published	O
more	O
full-fledged	O
software	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
result	O
was	O
MacWrite	B-Operating_System
and	O
MacPaint	B-Operating_System
,	O
which	O
shipped	O
free	O
with	O
every	O
Macintosh	B-Device
from	O
1984	O
to	O
1986	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
MacWrite	B-Operating_System
development	O
team	O
was	O
a	O
company	O
called	O
Encore	O
Systems	O
,	O
founded	O
and	O
led	O
by	O
Randy	O
Wigginton	O
,	O
one	O
of	O
Apple	O
's	O
earliest	O
employees	O
,	O
and	O
included	O
Don	O
Breuner	O
and	O
Ed	O
Ruder	O
(	O
co-founders	O
of	O
Encore	O
Systems	O
and	O
also	O
early	O
Apple	O
employees	O
;	O
Gabreal	O
Franklin	O
later	O
joined	O
Encore	O
Systems	O
as	O
President	O
.	O
)	O
</s>
<s>
Wigginton	O
,	O
who	O
had	O
left	O
Apple	O
in	O
1981	O
,	O
maintained	O
a	O
relationship	O
with	O
many	O
Apple	O
employees	O
,	O
many	O
of	O
whom	O
were	O
on	O
the	O
Macintosh	B-Device
development	O
team	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
He	O
agreed	O
to	O
lead	O
the	O
MacWrite	B-Operating_System
development	O
team	O
on	O
a	O
semi-official	O
basis	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Before	O
it	O
was	O
released	O
,	O
MacWrite	B-Operating_System
was	O
known	O
as	O
"	O
Macintosh	B-Device
WP	O
"	O
(	O
Word	B-General_Concept
Processor	I-General_Concept
)	O
and	O
"	O
MacAuthor	O
"	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Allegedly	O
,	O
Steve	O
Jobs	O
was	O
not	O
convinced	O
of	O
his	O
team	O
's	O
abilities	O
,	O
and	O
secretly	O
commissioned	O
another	O
project	O
just	O
to	O
be	O
sure	O
;	O
its	O
development	O
was	O
eventually	O
released	O
as	O
WriteNow	B-Operating_System
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
first	O
versions	O
of	O
MacWrite	B-Operating_System
are	O
rather	O
limited	O
,	O
supporting	O
only	O
the	O
most	O
basic	O
editing	O
features	O
and	O
able	O
to	O
handle	O
just	O
a	O
few	O
pages	B-Application
of	O
text	O
before	O
running	O
into	O
performance	O
problems	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
(	O
Early	O
versions	O
of	O
MacWrite	B-Operating_System
held	O
the	O
entire	O
document	O
in	O
memory	O
,	O
and	O
early	O
versions	O
of	O
the	O
Macintosh	B-Device
had	O
relatively	O
little	O
free	O
memory	O
.	O
)	O
</s>
<s>
MacWrite	B-Operating_System
established	O
the	O
conventions	O
for	O
a	O
GUI-based	O
word	B-General_Concept
processor	I-General_Concept
,	O
with	O
such	O
features	O
as	O
a	O
toolbar	O
for	O
selecting	O
paragraph	O
formatting	O
options	O
,	O
font	O
and	O
style	O
menus	O
,	O
and	O
a	O
ruler	O
for	O
tabs	O
,	O
margins	O
,	O
and	O
indents	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Similar	O
word	B-General_Concept
processors	I-General_Concept
followed	O
,	O
including	O
the	O
first	O
GUI	B-Application
version	O
of	O
Microsoft	B-Application
Word	I-Application
and	O
WriteNow	B-Operating_System
,	O
which	O
addressed	O
many	O
of	O
MacWrite	B-Operating_System
's	O
limitations	O
while	O
adhering	O
to	O
much	O
the	O
same	O
user	O
interface	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
original	O
Mac	B-Device
can	O
print	O
to	O
a	O
dot	B-General_Concept
matrix	I-General_Concept
printer	O
called	O
the	O
ImageWriter	O
,	O
but	O
quality	O
was	O
only	O
adequate	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
However	O
,	O
the	O
possibilities	O
of	O
the	O
GUI/MacWrite/LaserWriter	O
combination	O
were	O
obvious	O
and	O
this	O
,	O
in	O
turn	O
,	O
spurred	O
the	O
development	O
of	O
desktop	O
publishing	O
,	O
which	O
became	O
the	O
"	O
killer	O
app	O
"	O
for	O
the	O
Mac	B-Device
and	O
GUIs	B-Application
in	O
general	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
MacWrite	B-Operating_System
's	O
inclusion	O
with	O
the	O
Macintosh	B-Device
discouraged	O
developers	O
from	O
creating	O
other	O
word	O
processing	O
software	O
for	O
the	O
computer	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Apple	O
unbundled	O
the	O
software	O
with	O
the	O
introduction	O
of	O
the	O
Macintosh	B-Device
Plus	O
,	O
requiring	O
customers	O
to	O
purchase	O
it	O
for	O
the	O
first	O
time	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Strong	O
sales	O
continued	O
,	O
and	O
Apple	O
eventually	O
let	O
MacWrite	B-Operating_System
and	O
MacPaint	B-Operating_System
languish	O
with	O
no	O
development	O
resources	O
assigned	O
to	O
improving	O
them	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Users	O
flooded	O
Apple	O
with	O
complaints	O
,	O
demanding	O
newer	O
versions	O
that	O
would	O
keep	O
pace	O
with	O
new	O
features	O
in	O
the	O
Mac	B-Device
,	O
while	O
at	O
the	O
same	O
time	O
developers	O
flooded	O
Apple	O
with	O
complaints	O
about	O
there	O
being	O
any	O
possibility	O
of	O
an	O
upgrade	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Initially	O
it	O
seemed	O
Claris	O
was	O
as	O
uninterested	O
in	O
developing	O
MacWrite	B-Operating_System
as	O
Apple	O
had	O
been	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Several	O
minor	O
upgrades	O
were	O
released	O
to	O
allow	O
MacWrite	B-Operating_System
to	O
run	O
on	O
newer	O
versions	O
of	O
the	O
classic	B-Application
Mac	I-Application
OS	I-Application
,	O
but	O
few	O
other	O
problems	O
were	O
addressed	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Things	O
changed	O
in	O
the	O
later	O
1980s	O
with	O
the	O
introduction	O
of	O
MacWrite	B-Operating_System
II	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
main	O
changes	O
for	O
this	O
release	O
were	O
an	O
updated	O
user	O
interface	O
,	O
a	O
number	O
of	O
new	O
"	O
style	O
"	O
capabilities	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
inclusion	O
of	O
Claris	O
 '	O
file	O
translator	O
technology	O
,	O
XTND	B-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
MacWrite	B-Operating_System
II	O
was	O
the	O
first	O
really	O
new	O
version	O
of	O
the	O
software	O
,	O
and	O
was	O
based	O
on	O
a	O
word	O
processing	O
engine	O
purchased	O
from	O
Quark	O
,	O
Inc	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
By	O
1989	O
Word	O
already	O
dominated	O
the	O
Mac	B-Device
with	O
about	O
60%	O
market	O
share	O
,	O
but	O
the	O
introduction	O
of	O
MacWrite	B-Operating_System
II	O
changed	O
things	O
dramatically	O
;	O
by	O
1990	O
Word	O
had	O
dropped	O
to	O
about	O
45%	O
of	O
the	O
market	O
,	O
and	O
MacWrite	B-Operating_System
had	O
risen	O
to	O
about	O
30%	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
MacWrite	B-Operating_System
's	O
share	O
once	O
again	O
started	O
to	O
erode	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
main	O
change	O
would	O
be	O
to	O
integrate	O
all	O
of	O
their	O
products	O
with	O
a	O
consistent	O
GUI	B-Application
based	O
on	O
that	O
of	O
FileMaker	B-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
resulting	O
MacWrite	B-Operating_System
Pro	I-Operating_System
,	O
released	O
in	O
early	O
1993	O
,	O
was	O
a	O
major	O
upgrade	O
from	O
previous	O
versions	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
By	O
the	O
time	O
MacWrite	B-Operating_System
Pro	I-Operating_System
was	O
released	O
,	O
Word	O
completely	O
dominated	O
the	O
word	B-General_Concept
processor	I-General_Concept
market	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Pro	O
did	O
little	O
to	O
address	O
MacWrite	B-Operating_System
's	O
rapidly	O
dwindling	O
market	O
share	O
,	O
which	O
briefly	O
stabilized	O
at	O
about	O
5%	O
of	O
the	O
market	O
before	O
starting	O
to	O
slide	O
again	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
word-processing	B-General_Concept
module	O
of	O
AppleWorks	B-Device
is	O
very	O
similar	O
to	O
MacWrite	B-Operating_System
Pro	I-Operating_System
.	O
</s>
<s>
While	O
it	O
was	O
written	O
entirely	O
from	O
scratch	O
,	O
it	O
retained	O
some	O
of	O
the	O
design	O
limitations	O
of	O
MacWrite	B-Operating_System
Pro	I-Operating_System
.	O
</s>
<s>
However	O
,	O
later	O
versions	O
of	O
AppleWorks	B-Device
are	O
unable	O
to	O
read	O
older	O
MacWrite	B-Operating_System
Pro	I-Operating_System
files	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
a	O
survey	O
of	O
five	O
Macintosh	B-Device
word	B-General_Concept
processors	I-General_Concept
,	O
Compute	O
!	O
</s>
<s>
'	O
s	O
Apple	O
Applications	O
in	O
1987	O
wrote	O
that	O
"	O
once	O
a	O
bold	O
pioneer	O
,	O
MacWrite	B-Operating_System
now	O
seems	O
frozen	O
in	O
time	O
...	O
it	O
lags	O
behind	O
other	O
word	B-General_Concept
processors	I-General_Concept
in	O
power	O
and	O
responsiveness	O
,	O
and	O
it	O
's	O
clearly	O
unsuited	O
for	O
outlining	O
,	O
layout	O
,	O
and	O
other	O
advanced	O
tasks	O
"	O
.	O
</s>
