<s>
MOSIS	B-Algorithm
(	O
Metal	B-Architecture
Oxide	I-Architecture
Semiconductor	I-Architecture
Implementation	O
Service	O
)	O
is	O
multi-project	O
wafer	O
service	O
that	O
provides	O
metal	B-Architecture
–	I-Architecture
oxide	I-Architecture
–	I-Architecture
semiconductor	I-Architecture
(	O
MOS	O
)	O
chip	O
design	O
tools	O
and	O
related	O
services	O
that	O
enable	O
universities	O
,	O
government	O
agencies	O
,	O
research	O
institutes	O
and	O
businesses	O
to	O
prototype	O
chips	O
efficiently	O
and	O
cost-effectively	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Operated	O
by	O
the	O
University	O
of	O
Southern	O
California	O
's	O
Information	O
Sciences	O
Institute	O
(	O
ISI	O
)	O
,	O
MOSIS	B-Algorithm
combines	O
customers	O
 '	O
orders	O
onto	O
shared	O
multi-project	O
wafers	O
that	O
speed	O
production	O
and	O
reduce	O
costs	O
compared	O
with	O
underutilized	O
single-project	O
wafers	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Fabrication	B-Architecture
costs	O
are	O
also	O
shared	O
by	O
combining	O
multiple	O
designs	O
from	O
a	O
single	O
customer	O
onto	O
one	O
"	O
mask	O
set	O
,	O
"	O
or	O
wafer	O
template	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
According	O
to	O
MOSIS	B-Algorithm
,	O
the	O
service	O
has	O
delivered	O
more	O
than	O
60,000	O
integrated	O
circuit	O
designs	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
MOSIS	B-Algorithm
was	O
created	O
in	O
1981	O
by	O
ISI	O
's	O
Danny	O
Cohen	O
,	O
an	O
Internet	O
pioneer	O
who	O
also	O
developed	O
Voice	O
over	O
Internet	O
Protocol	O
and	O
Video	O
over	O
Internet	O
Protocol	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
was	O
based	O
on	O
the	O
revolutionary	O
VLSI	O
design	O
methodology	O
of	O
Carver	O
Mead	O
and	O
Lynn	O
Conway	O
,	O
who	O
pioneered	O
and/or	O
popularized	O
the	O
use	O
of	O
technology-independent	O
design	O
rules	O
and	O
modular	O
cell-based	O
,	O
hierarchical	O
system	O
design	O
,	O
testing	O
this	O
new	O
approach	O
to	O
rapid	O
prototyping	O
and	O
short-run	O
fabrication	B-Architecture
at	O
Xerox	O
PARC	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
One	O
of	O
the	O
first	O
e-commerce	O
providers	O
,	O
MOSIS	B-Algorithm
also	O
launched	O
the	O
"	O
fabless	O
foundry	O
"	O
industry	O
,	O
in	O
which	O
vendors	O
outsource	O
chip	B-Architecture
fabrication	I-Architecture
rather	O
than	O
manufacturing	O
them	O
in-house	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Thousands	O
of	O
students	O
also	O
have	O
learned	O
chip	O
design	O
in	O
MOSIS-associate	O
programs	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Many	O
early	O
MOSIS	B-Algorithm
users	O
were	O
students	O
trying	O
IC	O
layout	O
techniques	O
from	O
the	O
seminal	O
book	O
Introduction	O
to	O
VLSI	O
Design	O
(	O
)	O
published	O
in	O
1980	O
by	O
Caltech	O
professor	O
Carver	O
Mead	O
and	O
MIT	O
professor	O
Lynn	O
Conway	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Some	O
early	O
reduced	B-Architecture
instruction	I-Architecture
set	I-Architecture
computing	I-Architecture
(	O
RISC	B-Architecture
)	O
processors	O
such	O
as	O
MIPS	O
(	O
1984	O
)	O
and	O
SPARC	B-Architecture
(	O
1987	O
)	O
were	O
run	O
through	O
MOSIS	B-Algorithm
during	O
their	O
early	O
design	O
and	O
testing	O
phases	O
.	O
</s>
