<s>
GNU	O
MCSim	B-Application
is	O
a	O
suite	O
of	O
simulation	O
software	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
perform	O
Monte	B-Algorithm
Carlo	I-Algorithm
simulations	I-Algorithm
,	O
and	O
Bayesian	O
inference	O
through	O
(	O
tempered	O
)	O
Markov	B-General_Concept
chain	I-General_Concept
Monte	I-General_Concept
Carlo	I-General_Concept
simulations	I-General_Concept
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
latest	O
version	O
allows	O
parallel	O
computing	O
of	O
Monte	B-Algorithm
Carlo	I-Algorithm
or	O
MCMC	O
simulations	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
GNU	O
MCSim	B-Application
is	O
a	O
simulation	O
and	O
statistical	O
inference	O
tool	O
for	O
algebraic	O
or	O
differential	O
equation	O
systems	O
,	O
optimized	O
for	O
performing	O
Monte	B-Algorithm
Carlo	I-Algorithm
analysis	I-Algorithm
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
model	O
is	O
coded	O
using	O
a	O
simple	O
grammar	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
generator	O
translates	O
it	O
into	O
C	B-Language
code	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Internally	O
,	O
the	O
software	O
uses	O
the	O
GNU	B-Application
Scientific	I-Application
Library	I-Application
for	O
some	O
of	O
its	O
numerical	B-General_Concept
calculations	I-General_Concept
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
project	O
began	O
in	O
1991	O
in	O
Berkeley	O
when	O
Don	O
Maszle	O
and	O
Frederic	O
Y	O
.	O
Bois	O
translated	O
in	O
C	B-Language
and	O
reorganized	O
a	O
program	O
that	O
Bois	O
had	O
developed	O
at	O
Harvard	O
for	O
his	O
PhD	O
thesis	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
capability	O
to	O
perform	O
efficient	O
Monte	B-Algorithm
Carlo	I-Algorithm
simulations	I-Algorithm
was	O
added	O
early	O
on	O
,	O
for	O
the	O
research	O
needs	O
of	O
the	O
group	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Discussions	O
with	O
Stuart	O
Beal	O
at	O
UCSF	O
School	O
of	O
Pharmacy	O
,	O
led	O
the	O
team	O
to	O
investigate	O
the	O
use	O
of	O
Markov	B-General_Concept
chain	I-General_Concept
Monte	I-General_Concept
Carlo	I-General_Concept
techniques	O
for	O
PBPK	O
models	O
 '	O
calibration	B-General_Concept
.	O
</s>
<s>
Additional	O
code	O
written	O
by	O
Ken	O
Revzan	O
allowed	O
the	O
definition	O
and	O
Bayesian	O
calibration	B-General_Concept
of	O
hierarchical	O
(	O
multilevel	O
)	O
statistical	O
models	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
GNU	O
MCSim	B-Application
is	O
free	O
software	O
;	O
you	O
can	O
redistribute	O
it	O
and/or	O
modify	O
it	O
under	O
the	O
terms	O
of	O
the	O
GNU	B-License
General	I-License
Public	I-License
License	I-License
as	O
published	O
by	O
the	O
Free	O
Software	O
Foundation	O
;	O
either	O
version	O
3	O
of	O
the	O
License	O
,	O
or	O
(	O
at	O
your	O
option	O
)	O
any	O
later	O
version	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
C	B-Language
source	O
code	O
is	O
provided	O
and	O
can	O
be	O
compiled	O
on	O
any	O
machine	O
with	O
a	O
C	B-Language
compiler	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
GNU	B-Application
Scientific	I-Application
Library	I-Application
needs	O
to	O
be	O
also	O
available	O
on	O
the	O
target	O
platform	O
to	O
use	O
a	O
few	O
extra	O
distributions	O
in	O
statistical	O
models	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
To	O
take	O
advantage	O
of	O
parallel	O
computation	O
(	O
from	O
version	O
6.2.0	O
on	O
)	O
a	O
MPI	B-Application
library	O
needs	O
to	O
be	O
installed	O
.	O
</s>
