<s>
It	O
is	O
developed	O
and	O
produced	O
by	O
Autodesk	B-Application
Media	I-Application
and	I-Application
Entertainment	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
has	O
modeling	O
capabilities	O
and	O
a	O
flexible	O
plugin	B-Application
architecture	O
and	O
must	O
be	O
used	O
on	O
the	O
Microsoft	B-Application
Windows	I-Application
platform	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
is	O
frequently	O
used	O
by	O
video	O
game	O
developers	O
,	O
many	O
TV	O
commercial	O
studios	O
,	O
and	O
architectural	B-Application
visualization	I-Application
studios	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
3ds	O
Max	O
features	O
shaders	O
(	O
such	O
as	O
ambient	O
occlusion	O
and	O
subsurface	B-Algorithm
scattering	I-Algorithm
)	O
,	O
dynamic	B-Application
simulation	I-Application
,	O
particle	O
systems	O
,	O
radiosity	O
,	O
normal	B-Application
map	I-Application
creation	O
and	O
rendering	O
,	O
global	B-Algorithm
illumination	I-Algorithm
,	O
a	O
customizable	O
user	B-Application
interface	I-Application
,	O
and	O
its	O
own	O
scripting	B-Language
language	I-Language
.	O
</s>
<s>
MAXScript	B-Language
is	O
a	O
built-in	O
scripting	B-Language
language	I-Language
that	O
can	O
be	O
used	O
to	O
automate	O
repetitive	O
tasks	O
,	O
combine	O
existing	O
functionality	O
in	O
new	O
ways	O
,	O
develop	O
new	O
tools	O
and	O
user	B-Application
interfaces	I-Application
,	O
and	O
much	O
more	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Plugin	B-Application
modules	O
can	O
be	O
created	O
entirely	O
within	O
MAXScript	B-Language
.	O
</s>
<s>
Character	O
Studio	O
was	O
a	O
plugin	B-Application
which	O
since	O
version	O
4	O
of	O
Max	O
is	O
now	O
integrated	O
in	O
3ds	O
Max	O
;	O
it	O
helps	O
users	O
to	O
animate	O
virtual	O
characters	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Added	O
in	O
3ds	O
Max	O
2008	O
,	O
it	O
was	O
the	O
first	O
component	O
to	O
facilitate	O
.NET	O
managed	O
code	O
in	O
3ds	O
Max	O
outside	O
of	O
MAXScript	B-Language
.	O
</s>
<s>
Capabilities	O
such	O
as	O
weight	O
tables	O
,	O
paintable	B-Application
weights	I-Application
,	O
and	O
saving	O
and	O
loading	O
of	O
weights	O
offer	O
easy	O
editing	O
and	O
proximity-based	O
transfer	O
between	O
models	O
,	O
providing	O
the	O
accuracy	O
and	O
flexibility	O
needed	O
for	O
complicated	O
characters	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Four	O
plug-in	B-Application
IK	O
solvers	O
ship	O
with	O
3ds	O
Max	O
:	O
history-independent	O
solver	O
,	O
history-dependent	O
solver	O
,	O
limb	O
solver	O
,	O
and	O
spline	O
IK	O
solver	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Autodesk	B-Protocol
Vault	I-Protocol
plug-in	B-Application
,	O
which	O
ships	O
with	O
3ds	O
Max	O
,	O
consolidates	O
users	O
 '	O
3ds	O
Max	O
assets	O
in	O
a	O
single	O
location	O
,	O
enabling	O
them	O
to	O
automatically	O
track	O
files	O
and	O
manage	O
work	O
in	O
progress	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Introduced	O
with	O
Max	O
2016	O
,	O
Max	O
Creation	O
Graph	O
(	O
MCG	O
)	O
enables	O
users	O
to	O
create	O
modifiers	O
,	O
geometry	O
,	O
and	O
utility	O
plug-ins	B-Application
using	O
a	O
visual	O
node-based	O
workflow	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
With	O
MCG	O
the	O
user	O
can	O
create	O
a	O
new	O
plug-in	B-Application
for	O
3ds	O
Max	O
in	O
minutes	O
by	O
simply	O
wiring	O
together	O
parameter	O
nodes	O
,	O
computation	O
nodes	O
,	O
and	O
output	O
nodes	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Mudbox	B-Application
was	O
also	O
used	O
in	O
the	O
final	O
texturing	O
of	O
the	O
set	O
and	O
characters	O
in	O
Avatar	O
,	O
with	O
3ds	O
Max	O
and	O
Mudbox	B-Application
being	O
closely	O
related	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Versions	O
4	O
and	O
up	O
feature	O
the	O
Editable	O
Polygon	O
object	O
,	O
which	O
simplifies	O
most	O
mesh	O
editing	O
operations	O
,	O
and	O
provides	O
subdivision	O
smoothing	O
at	O
customizable	O
levels	O
(	O
see	O
NURMS	B-General_Concept
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
NURBS	B-Algorithm
in	O
3ds	O
Max	O
is	O
a	O
legacy	O
feature	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
For	O
example	O
,	O
the	O
updated	O
path	O
deform	O
and	O
the	O
updated	O
normalize	O
spline	O
modifiers	O
in	O
version	O
2018	O
do	O
not	O
work	O
on	O
NURBS	B-Algorithm
curves	I-Algorithm
anymore	O
as	O
they	O
did	O
in	O
previous	O
versions	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
NURBS	B-Algorithm
is	O
a	O
mathematically	O
exact	O
representation	O
of	O
freeform	O
surfaces	O
like	O
those	O
used	O
for	O
car	O
bodies	O
and	O
ship	O
hulls	O
,	O
which	O
can	O
be	O
exactly	O
reproduced	O
at	O
any	O
resolution	O
whenever	O
needed	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
With	O
NURBS	B-Algorithm
,	O
a	O
smooth	O
sphere	O
can	O
be	O
created	O
with	O
only	O
one	O
face	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
non-uniform	O
property	O
of	O
NURBS	B-Algorithm
brings	O
up	O
an	O
important	O
point	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Because	O
they	O
are	O
generated	O
mathematically	O
,	O
NURBS	B-Algorithm
objects	O
have	O
a	O
parameter	O
space	O
in	O
addition	O
to	O
the	O
3D	O
geometric	O
space	O
in	O
which	O
they	O
are	O
displayed	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Knots	O
are	O
invisible	O
in	O
3D	O
space	O
and	O
ca	O
n't	O
be	O
manipulated	O
directly	O
,	O
but	O
occasionally	O
their	O
behavior	O
affects	O
the	O
visible	O
appearance	O
of	O
the	O
NURBS	B-Algorithm
object	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
NURBS	B-Algorithm
curves	I-Algorithm
and	O
surfaces	O
have	O
the	O
important	O
properties	O
of	O
not	O
changing	O
under	O
the	O
standard	O
geometric	O
affine	O
transformations	O
(	O
Transforms	O
)	O
,	O
or	O
under	O
perspective	O
projections	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Surface	O
tool	O
was	O
originally	O
a	O
3rd	O
party	O
plugin	B-Application
,	O
but	O
Kinetix	O
acquired	O
and	O
included	O
this	O
feature	O
since	O
version	O
3.0	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
is	O
often	O
seen	O
as	O
an	O
alternative	O
to	O
"	O
mesh	O
"	O
or	O
"	O
nurbs	B-Algorithm
"	O
modeling	O
,	O
as	O
it	O
enables	O
a	O
user	O
to	O
interpolate	O
curved	O
sections	O
with	O
straight	O
geometry	O
(	O
for	O
example	O
a	O
hole	O
through	O
a	O
box	O
shape	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Pyramid	B-Algorithm
:	O
Produces	O
a	O
pyramid	B-Algorithm
with	O
a	O
square	O
or	O
rectangular	O
base	O
and	O
triangular	O
sides	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
can	O
be	O
converted	O
from	O
a	O
torus	O
knot	O
object	O
to	O
a	O
NURBS	B-Algorithm
surface	I-Algorithm
.	O
</s>
<s>
C-Ext	O
:	O
Creates	O
an	O
extruded	O
C-shaped	O
object	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
default	O
rendering	O
method	O
in	O
3ds	O
Max	O
is	O
scanline	B-Algorithm
rendering	I-Algorithm
.	O
</s>
<s>
Several	O
advanced	O
features	O
have	O
been	O
added	O
to	O
the	O
scanliner	O
over	O
the	O
years	O
,	O
such	O
as	O
global	B-Algorithm
illumination	I-Algorithm
,	O
radiosity	O
,	O
and	O
ray	B-Algorithm
tracing	I-Algorithm
.	O
</s>
<s>
Autodesk	O
Raytracer	B-Algorithm
Renderer	O
(	O
ART	O
)	O
is	O
a	O
CPU-only	O
,	O
physically	O
based	O
renderer	O
for	O
architectural	O
,	O
product	O
,	O
and	O
industrial	O
design	O
renderings	O
and	O
animations	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
A	O
third-party	O
GPU-accelerated	O
,	O
biased	B-Application
renderer	I-Application
with	O
plugins	B-Application
for	O
3ds	O
Max	O
,	O
Cinema	B-Device
4D	I-Device
,	O
Houdini	O
,	O
Katana	O
and	O
Maya	B-Language
.	O
</s>
<s>
Mental	B-Application
ray	I-Application
is	O
a	O
third-party	O
renderer	O
using	O
bucket	O
rendering	O
,	O
a	O
technique	O
that	O
allows	O
distributing	O
the	O
rendering	O
task	O
for	O
a	O
single	O
image	O
between	O
several	O
computers	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Since	O
3ds	O
Max	O
2018	O
,	O
mental	B-Application
ray	I-Application
is	O
no	O
longer	O
shipped	O
with	O
3ds	O
Max	O
and	O
needs	O
to	O
be	O
obtained	O
directly	O
from	O
NVIDIA	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
A	O
third	O
party	O
connection	O
tool	O
to	O
RenderMan	B-Application
pipelines	O
is	O
also	O
available	O
for	O
those	O
that	O
need	O
to	O
integrate	O
Max	O
into	O
Renderman	B-Application
render	O
farms	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
A	O
third-party	O
render	O
engine	O
plug-in	B-Application
for	O
3ds	O
Max	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
A	O
third-party	O
photorealistic	B-Application
rendering	I-Application
system	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
is	O
capable	O
of	O
fast	O
ray	B-Algorithm
tracing	I-Algorithm
and	O
global	B-Algorithm
illumination	I-Algorithm
.	O
</s>
<s>
A	O
third	O
party	O
hybrid	O
GPU+CPU	O
interactive	O
,	O
unbiased	O
ray	B-Algorithm
tracer	I-Algorithm
,	O
based	O
on	O
Nvidia	B-Architecture
CUDA	I-Architecture
.	O
</s>
<s>
A	O
third-party	O
photorealistic	O
renderer	O
with	O
plugins	B-Application
for	O
3ds	O
Max	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
A	O
third-party	O
photorealistic	B-Application
rendering	I-Application
system	O
providing	O
materials	O
and	O
unbiased	B-Application
rendering	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
A	O
third	O
party	O
unbiased	O
GPU	O
ray	B-Algorithm
tracer	I-Algorithm
with	O
plugins	B-Application
for	O
3ds	O
Max	O
,	O
based	O
on	O
Nvidia	B-Architecture
CUDA	I-Architecture
.	O
</s>
<s>
An	O
open-source	O
ray	B-Algorithm
tracer	I-Algorithm
supporting	O
3ds	O
Max	O
,	O
Cinema	B-Device
4D	I-Device
,	O
Softimage	O
,	O
and	O
Blender	B-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
Arnold	B-Application
is	O
an	O
unbiased	O
,	O
physically	O
based	O
,	O
unidirectional	O
path-tracing	O
renderer	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Earlier	O
versions	O
(	O
up	O
to	O
and	O
including	O
3D	O
Studio	O
Max	O
R3.1	O
)	O
required	O
a	O
special	O
copy	B-Application
protection	I-Application
device	O
(	O
called	O
a	O
dongle	B-Device
)	O
to	O
be	O
plugged	O
into	O
the	O
parallel	O
port	O
while	O
the	O
program	O
was	O
run	O
,	O
but	O
later	O
versions	O
incorporated	O
software	O
based	O
copy	B-Application
prevention	I-Application
methods	O
instead	O
.	O
</s>
