<s>
Messaging	B-Protocol
Application	I-Protocol
Programming	I-Protocol
Interface	I-Protocol
(	O
MAPI	B-Protocol
)	O
is	O
an	O
API	B-Application
for	O
Microsoft	B-Application
Windows	I-Application
which	O
allows	O
programs	O
to	O
become	O
email-aware	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
While	O
MAPI	B-Protocol
is	O
designed	O
to	O
be	O
independent	O
of	O
the	O
protocol	O
,	O
it	O
is	O
usually	O
used	O
to	O
communicate	O
with	O
Microsoft	B-Operating_System
Exchange	I-Operating_System
Server	I-Operating_System
.	O
</s>
<s>
MAPI	B-Protocol
uses	O
functions	O
loosely	O
based	O
on	O
the	O
X.400	B-Protocol
XAPIA	O
standard	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
While	O
Simple	O
MAPI	B-Protocol
(	O
SMAPI	O
)	O
is	O
a	O
subset	O
of	O
12	O
functions	O
which	O
enable	O
developers	O
to	O
add	O
basic	O
messaging	O
functionality	O
,	O
Extended	O
MAPI	B-Protocol
(	O
EMAPI	O
)	O
allows	O
complete	O
control	O
over	O
the	O
messaging	O
system	O
on	O
the	O
client	O
computer	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Simple	O
MAPI	B-Protocol
is	O
included	O
with	O
Microsoft	B-Application
Windows	I-Application
as	O
part	O
of	O
Outlook	O
Express/Windows	O
Mail	O
while	O
the	O
full	O
Extended	O
MAPI	B-Protocol
is	O
included	O
with	O
Microsoft	B-Application
Outlook	I-Application
and	O
Exchange	B-Operating_System
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
addition	O
to	O
the	O
Extended	O
MAPI	B-Protocol
client	O
interface	O
,	O
programming	O
calls	O
can	O
be	O
made	O
indirectly	O
through	O
the	O
Simple	O
MAPI	B-Protocol
API	B-Application
client	O
interface	O
,	O
through	O
the	O
Common	O
Messaging	O
Calls	O
(	O
CMC	O
)	O
API	B-Application
client	O
interface	O
,	O
or	O
by	O
the	O
object-based	O
CDO	B-Device
Library	O
interface	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
(	O
Simple	O
MAPI	B-Protocol
and	O
CMC	O
were	O
removed	O
from	O
Exchange	B-Operating_System
2003	O
.	O
)	O
</s>
<s>
MAPI	B-Protocol
was	O
originally	O
designed	O
by	O
Microsoft	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
company	O
founded	O
its	O
MS	B-Application
Mail	I-Application
team	O
in	O
1987	O
,	O
but	O
it	O
was	O
not	O
until	O
it	O
acquired	O
Consumers	O
Software	O
in	O
1991	O
to	O
obtain	O
Network	O
Courier	O
that	O
it	O
had	O
a	O
messaging	O
product	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Reworked	O
,	O
it	O
was	O
sold	O
as	O
MS	O
PC	O
Mail	O
(	O
or	O
Microsoft	B-Application
Mail	I-Application
for	O
PC	O
Networking	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
basic	O
API	B-Application
to	O
MS	O
PC	O
Mail	O
was	O
later	O
known	O
as	O
MAPI	B-Protocol
version	O
0	O
(	O
or	O
MAPI0	O
)	O
,	O
to	O
differentiate	O
it	O
from	O
"	O
true	O
"	O
MAPI	B-Protocol
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
full	O
Extended	O
MAPI	B-Protocol
interface	O
is	O
required	O
for	O
interfacing	O
messaging-based	O
services	O
to	O
client	O
applications	O
such	O
as	O
Outlook	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
For	O
example	O
,	O
several	O
non-Microsoft	O
e-mail	B-Protocol
server	I-Protocol
product	O
vendors	O
created	O
"	O
MAPI	B-Protocol
service	O
providers	O
"	O
to	O
allow	O
their	O
products	O
to	O
be	O
accessed	O
via	O
Outlook	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Notable	O
examples	O
include	O
Axigen	B-Application
Mail	I-Application
Server	I-Application
,	O
Kerio	B-Protocol
Connect	I-Protocol
,	O
Scalix	B-Protocol
,	O
Zimbra	B-Protocol
,	O
HP	B-Application
OpenMail	I-Application
,	O
IBM	B-Operating_System
Lotus	I-Operating_System
Notes	I-Operating_System
,	O
Zarafa/Kopano	O
,	O
and	O
Bynari	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
MAPI	B-Protocol
also	O
had	O
a	O
service	O
provider	O
interface	O
of	O
sorts	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Microsoft	O
used	O
this	O
to	O
interface	O
MS	B-Application
Mail	I-Application
to	O
an	O
email	O
system	O
based	O
on	O
Xenix	B-Application
,	O
for	O
internal	O
use	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Extended	O
MAPI	B-Protocol
is	O
the	O
main	O
e-mail	O
data	O
access	O
method	O
used	O
by	O
Outlook	O
,	O
to	O
interface	O
to	O
Microsoft	O
Exchange	B-Operating_System
,	O
via	O
MAPI	B-Protocol
service	O
providers	O
shipped	O
with	O
Outlook	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Microsoft	O
has	O
released	O
full	O
details	O
of	O
the	O
MAPI/RPC	B-Protocol
protocol	O
since	O
August	O
2007	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
"	O
MAPI	B-Protocol
protocol	O
"	O
is	O
a	O
colloquial	O
name	O
for	O
the	O
MAPI/RPC	B-Protocol
.	O
</s>
<s>
At	O
times	O
,	O
Microsoft	O
has	O
also	O
called	O
it	O
"	O
Exchange	B-Operating_System
RPC	O
"	O
and	O
"	O
Outlook-Exchange	O
Transport	O
Protocol	O
"	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Microsoft	O
provides	O
a	O
sample	O
MAPI/RPC	B-Protocol
-based	O
application	O
called	O
MFCMAPI	O
to	O
assist	O
developers	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
is	O
also	O
widely	O
used	O
as	O
a	O
diagnostics	O
tool	O
by	O
both	O
developers	O
and	O
Microsoft	O
Exchange	B-Operating_System
administrators	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
original	O
implementation	O
was	O
designed	O
for	O
use	O
on	O
a	O
local	B-General_Concept
network	I-General_Concept
,	O
or	O
LAN	B-General_Concept
.	O
</s>
<s>
With	O
Exchange	B-Operating_System
2003	O
Microsoft	O
introduced	O
RPC	O
over	O
HTTP	O
(	O
later	O
renamed	O
Outlook	O
Anywhere	O
)	O
as	O
a	O
way	O
to	O
Exchange	B-Operating_System
over	O
the	O
internet	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
2014	O
with	O
Exchange	B-Operating_System
2013	O
SP1	O
replaced	O
this	O
with	O
a	O
more	O
'	O
normal	O
 '	O
HTTP-based	O
stack	O
known	O
as	O
"	O
MAPI	B-Protocol
over	O
HTTP	O
"	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Several	O
open-source	B-Application
software	I-Application
projects	I-Application
have	O
started	O
working	O
on	O
implementing	O
MAPI	B-Protocol
libraries	O
,	O
including	O
:	O
</s>
<s>
Kopano	B-Protocol
(	O
software	O
)	O
Groupware	O
Core	O
has	O
a	O
C++2011	O
implementation	O
called	O
"	O
mapi4linux	O
"	O
(	O
continuation	O
of	O
the	O
same	O
from	O
Zarafa	B-Protocol
)	O
,	O
which	O
offers	O
an	O
API	B-Application
that	O
is	O
source-backwards-compatible	O
with	O
the	O
Messaging	B-Protocol
API	I-Protocol
(	O
code	O
written	O
for	O
M4L	O
also	O
build	O
with	O
the	O
Windows	O
SDK	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Kopano	B-Protocol
GWC	O
comes	O
with	O
a	O
connector	O
for	O
the	O
Zarafa/Kopano	O
-based	O
SOAP/HTTP	O
transport	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
OpenChange	O
has	O
a	O
"	O
libmapi	O
"	O
component	O
written	O
in	O
C	O
that	O
only	O
partially	O
resembles	O
MAPI	B-Protocol
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
OpenChange	O
subproject	O
Evolution-MAPI	O
is	O
a	O
connector	O
for	O
Exchange	B-Operating_System
implementing	O
the	O
MAPI/RPC	B-Protocol
transport	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
Gnome	B-Language
Evolution	I-Language
project	O
develops	O
evolution-ews	O
,	O
which	O
has	O
implemented	O
much	O
of	O
MAPI	B-Protocol
.	O
</s>
