<s>
M-PHY	B-Protocol
is	O
a	O
high	O
speed	O
data	O
communications	O
physical	B-Application
layer	I-Application
protocol	O
standard	O
developed	O
by	O
the	O
MIPI	O
Alliance	O
,	O
PHY	O
Working	O
group	O
,	O
and	O
targeted	O
at	O
the	O
needs	O
of	O
mobile	O
multimedia	O
devices	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
A	O
number	O
of	O
industry	O
standard	O
settings	O
bodies	O
have	O
incorporated	O
M-PHY	B-Protocol
into	O
their	O
specifications	O
including	O
Mobile	O
PCI	O
Express	O
,	O
Universal	B-Device
Flash	I-Device
Storage	I-Device
,	O
and	O
as	O
the	O
physical	B-Application
layer	I-Application
for	O
SuperSpeed	B-Device
InterChip	I-Device
USB	I-Device
.	O
</s>
<s>
To	O
support	O
high	O
speed	O
,	O
M-PHY	B-Protocol
is	O
generally	O
transmitted	O
using	O
differential	O
signaling	O
over	O
impedance	O
controlled	O
traces	O
between	O
components	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Options	O
to	O
extend	O
its	O
range	O
could	O
include	O
operation	O
over	O
a	O
short	O
flexible	O
flat	O
cable	O
,	O
and	O
M-PHY	B-Protocol
was	O
designed	O
to	O
support	O
optical	O
media	O
converters	O
allowing	O
extended	O
distance	O
between	O
transmitters	O
and	O
receivers	O
,	O
and	O
reducing	O
concerns	O
with	O
electromagnetic	O
interference	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
M-PHY	B-Protocol
(	O
like	O
its	O
predecessor	O
D-PHY	O
)	O
is	O
intended	O
to	O
be	O
used	O
in	O
high-speed	O
point-to-point	O
communications	O
,	O
for	O
example	O
video	O
Camera	O
Serial	O
Interfaces	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
CSI-2	O
interface	O
was	O
based	O
on	O
D-PHY	O
(	O
or	O
C-PHY	O
)	O
,	O
while	O
the	O
newer	O
CSI-3	O
interface	O
is	O
based	O
on	O
M-PHY	B-Protocol
.	O
</s>
<s>
M-PHY	B-Protocol
was	O
designed	O
to	O
supplant	O
D-PHY	O
in	O
many	O
applications	O
,	O
but	O
this	O
is	O
expected	O
to	O
take	O
a	O
number	O
of	O
years	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
M-PHY	B-Protocol
the	O
physical	B-Application
layer	I-Application
is	O
also	O
used	O
in	O
a	O
number	O
of	O
different	O
high-speed	O
emergent	O
industry	O
standards	O
,	O
DigRF	O
(	O
High	O
speed	O
radio	O
interface	O
)	O
,	O
MIPI	O
LLI	O
(	O
Low	O
latency	O
memory	O
interconnect	O
for	O
multi-processors	O
systems	O
)	O
,	O
and	O
one	O
possible	O
physical	B-Application
layer	I-Application
for	O
the	O
UniPro	B-Protocol
protocol	I-Protocol
stack	I-Protocol
.	O
</s>
<s>
M-PHY	B-Protocol
supports	O
a	O
scalable	O
variety	O
of	O
signaling	O
speeds	O
,	O
ranging	O
from	O
10	O
kbit/s	O
to	O
over	O
11.6	O
Gbit/s	O
per	O
lane	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
This	O
is	O
accomplished	O
using	O
two	O
different	O
major	O
signaling/speed	O
modes	O
,	O
a	O
simple	O
low-speed	O
(	O
using	O
PWM	B-Algorithm
)	O
mode	O
and	O
high	O
speed	O
(	O
using	O
8b10b	B-Protocol
)	O
.	O
</s>
