<s>
Vacuum-tube	O
computers	O
,	O
now	O
called	O
first-generation	O
computers	O
,	O
are	O
programmable	B-Application
digital	O
computers	O
using	O
vacuum-tube	O
logic	O
circuitry	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
They	O
were	O
preceded	O
by	O
systems	O
using	O
electromechanical	O
relays	O
and	O
followed	O
by	O
systems	O
built	O
from	O
discrete	O
transistors	B-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
Some	O
later	O
computers	O
on	O
the	O
list	O
had	O
both	O
vacuum	O
tubes	O
and	O
transistors	B-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
This	O
list	B-Architecture
of	I-Architecture
vacuum-tube	I-Architecture
computers	I-Architecture
is	O
sorted	O
by	O
date	O
put	O
into	O
service	O
:	O
</s>
<s>
Computer	O
Date	O
Units	O
Notes	O
Arthur	O
Halsey	O
Dickinson	O
(	O
IBM	O
)	O
June	O
1939	O
1	O
Not	O
programmable	B-Application
,	O
executed	O
addition	O
and	O
subtraction	O
,	O
the	O
first	O
electronic	O
output	O
(	O
display	O
)	O
Dickinson	O
A.H.	O
,	O
"	O
Accounting	O
Apparatus	O
"	O
,	O
US	O
Pat	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
2	O
,	O
580	O
,	O
740	O
,	O
filed	O
Jan	O
.	O
20	O
,	O
1940	O
,	O
granted	O
Jan	O
.	O
1	O
,	O
1952IBM100	O
,	O
Patents	O
and	O
Inventions	O
,	O
https://www.ibm.com/ibm/history/ibm100/us/en/icons/patents/	O
Joseph	O
Desch	O
,	O
NCR3566	O
(	O
NCR	O
)	O
Aug	O
.	O
1939	O
1	O
Not	O
programmable	B-Application
,	O
executed	O
addition	O
and	O
subtraction	O
,	O
thyratron	O
decadesDesch	O
J.R.	O
,	O
"	O
Calculating	O
Machine	O
"	O
,	O
US	O
Pat	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
29	O
,	O
1952Aspray	O
W.	O
,	O
"	O
Interview	O
with	O
Robert	O
E	O
.	O
Mumma	O
"	O
,	O
conducted	O
on	O
19	O
April	O
1984	O
,	O
Dayton	O
,	O
OH	O
,	O
Charles	O
Babbage	O
Institute	O
,	O
Center	O
for	O
the	O
History	O
of	O
Information	O
Processing	O
"	O
,	O
https://conservancy.umn.edu/handle/11299/107540	O
Atanasoff	B-Device
–	I-Device
Berry	I-Device
Computer	I-Device
1942	O
1	O
Not	O
programmable	B-Application
,	O
could	O
solve	O
a	O
system	O
of	O
linear	O
equations	O
Colossus	B-Device
1943	O
10	O
The	O
Mark	O
II	O
version	O
was	O
the	O
first	O
programmable	B-Application
(	O
by	O
switches	O
and	O
plug	O
panels	O
)	O
special-purpose	O
(	O
cryptanalysis	O
)	O
electronic	O
digital	O
computer	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
ENIAC	B-Device
1945	O
1	O
First	O
large-scale	O
general-purpose	O
programmable	B-Application
electronic	O
digital	O
computer	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Working	O
replica	O
demonstrated	O
daily	O
in	O
Manchester	O
Museum	O
of	O
Science	O
and	O
Industry	O
Manchester	B-Device
Mark	I-Device
1	I-Device
1949	O
1	O
Provided	O
a	O
computing	O
service	O
from	O
April	O
1949	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Re-engineered	O
1951	O
as	O
Ferranti	B-Device
Mark	I-Device
1	I-Device
.	O
</s>
<s>
EDSAC	B-Device
1949	O
1	O
First	O
ran	O
on	O
6	O
May	O
1949	O
,	O
and	O
provided	O
a	O
computing	O
service	O
for	O
Cambridge	O
University	O
until	O
1958	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
BINAC	B-Device
1949	O
1	O
First	O
stored-program	O
computer	O
to	O
be	O
sold	O
,	O
but	O
did	O
not	O
work	O
for	O
customer	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
CSIRAC	B-Device
1949	O
1	O
Oldest	O
surviving	O
complete	O
first-generation	O
electronic	O
computer	O
—	O
unrestored	O
and	O
non-functional	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
SEAC	B-Device
1950	O
1	O
First	O
U.S.	O
stored-program	O
computer	O
to	O
become	O
operational	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Several	O
computers	O
were	O
based	O
on	O
the	O
SEAC	B-Device
design	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
SWAC	B-Device
1950	O
1	O
Built	O
for	O
the	O
U.S.	O
'	O
s	O
National	O
Bureau	O
of	O
Standards	O
,	O
it	O
had	O
2,300	O
vacuum	O
tubes	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
had	O
256	O
words	O
(	O
each	O
37	O
bits	O
)	O
of	O
memory	O
,	O
using	O
Williams	O
tubes	O
ERA	B-Device
Atlas	I-Device
1950	O
(	O
Military	O
version	O
of	O
Univac	B-Device
1101	I-Device
)	O
Used	O
2,700	O
vacuum	O
tubes	O
for	O
its	O
logic	O
circuits	O
MADDIDA	B-Device
1950	O
6Special-purpose	O
digital	O
computer	O
for	O
solving	O
a	O
system	O
of	O
differential	O
equations	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Pilot	B-Device
ACE	I-Device
1950	O
1	O
Based	O
on	O
a	O
full-scale	O
design	O
by	O
Alan	O
Turing	O
Elliott	B-Device
152	I-Device
1950	O
1	O
Naval	O
fire	O
control	O
computer	O
,	O
real-time	O
control	O
system	O
,	O
fixed	O
program	O
Elliott	O
153	O
1950	O
1	O
GCHQ	O
radio	O
signal	O
directional	O
finding	O
computer	O
,	O
based	O
on	O
the	O
Elliott	B-Device
152	I-Device
with	O
programs	O
stored	O
on	O
a	O
magnetic	O
disk	O
Harvard	B-Device
Mark	I-Device
III	I-Device
1951	O
1	O
It	O
used	O
5,000	O
vacuum	O
tubes	O
and	O
1,500	O
crystal	O
diodes	O
Ferranti	B-Device
Mark	I-Device
1	I-Device
1951	O
9	O
First	O
commercially	O
available	O
computer	O
,	O
based	O
on	O
Manchester	B-Device
Mark	I-Device
1	I-Device
.	O
</s>
<s>
EDVAC	B-Device
1951	O
1	O
The	O
successor	O
to	O
ENIAC	B-Device
,	O
and	O
also	O
built	O
by	O
the	O
University	O
of	O
Pennsylvania	O
's	O
Moore	O
School	O
of	O
Electrical	O
Engineering	O
for	O
the	O
U.S.	O
Army	O
's	O
Ballistic	O
Research	O
Laboratory	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
EDVAC	B-Device
's	O
design	O
influenced	O
a	O
number	O
of	O
other	O
computers	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Harwell	B-Device
Dekatron	I-Device
Computer	I-Device
(	O
The	O
"	O
WITCH	B-Device
"	O
)	O
1951	O
1	O
Now	O
officially	O
the	O
oldest	O
original	O
working	O
computer	O
in	O
the	O
world	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Whirlwind	B-Device
1951	O
1	O
Parallel	O
logic	O
,	O
approx	O
5,000	O
vacuum	O
tubes	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
UNIVAC	B-Operating_System
I	I-Operating_System
1951	O
46	O
Mass-produced	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
LEO	B-Device
I	I-Device
1951	O
1	O
First	B-Architecture
computer	I-Architecture
for	O
commercial	O
applications	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Based	O
on	O
EDSAC	B-Device
design	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
UNIVAC	B-Device
1101	I-Device
1951	O
Designed	O
by	O
ERA	O
,	O
Used	O
2,700	O
vacuum	O
tubes	O
for	O
its	O
logic	O
circuits	O
Hollerith	B-Device
Electronic	I-Device
Computer	I-Device
(	O
HEC	B-Device
)	O
1951	O
Initial	O
design	O
by	O
Andrew	O
Donald	O
Booth	O
,	O
then	O
engineered	O
by	O
British	O
Tabulating	O
Machine	O
Company	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
HEC	B-Device
1	O
can	O
be	O
seen	O
at	O
The	O
National	O
Museum	O
of	O
Computing	O
,	O
Bletchley	O
Park	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
IAS	B-Device
machine	I-Device
1951	O
1Built	O
at	O
the	O
Institute	O
for	O
Advanced	O
Study	O
(	O
IAS	B-Device
)	O
,	O
sometimes	O
called	O
the	O
von	O
Neumann	O
machine	O
,	O
since	O
design	O
was	O
described	O
by	O
John	O
von	O
Neumann	O
(	O
the	O
Von	B-Architecture
Neumann	I-Architecture
architecture	I-Architecture
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
MESM	B-Device
1951	O
1	O
Built	O
near	O
Kiev	B-Algorithm
,	O
used	O
6,000	O
vacuum	O
tubes	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
First	O
universally	O
programmable	B-Application
computer	O
in	O
USSR	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Designed	O
basically	O
near	O
to	O
Von	B-Architecture
Neumann	I-Architecture
architecture	I-Architecture
but	O
had	O
two	O
separate	O
banks	O
of	O
memory	O
-	O
one	O
for	O
programs	O
and	O
another	O
for	O
data	O
Remington	B-Device
Rand	I-Device
409	I-Device
1952	O
~	O
1000	O
Built	O
by	O
Remington	O
Rand	O
,	O
it	O
was	O
a	O
punched	B-Architecture
card	I-Architecture
calculator	O
programmed	O
by	O
a	O
plugboard	O
Harvard	B-Device
Mark	I-Device
IV	I-Device
1952	O
1built	O
by	O
Harvard	O
University	O
under	O
the	O
supervision	O
of	O
Howard	O
Aiken	O
for	O
the	O
United	O
States	O
Air	O
Force	O
G1	O
1952	O
Built	O
by	O
the	O
Max	O
Planck	O
Institute	O
for	O
Physics	O
in	O
Göttingen	O
,	O
esp	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
by	O
Heinz	O
Billing	O
ORDVAC	B-Device
1952	O
1Built	O
by	O
the	O
University	O
of	O
Illinois	O
for	O
the	O
Ballistic	O
Research	O
Laboratory	O
and	O
was	O
a	O
twin	O
of	O
the	O
ILLIAC	B-Device
I	I-Device
ILLIAC	B-Device
I	I-Device
1952	O
1Built	O
by	O
the	O
University	O
of	O
Illinois	O
in	O
Urbana	O
MANIAC	B-Device
I	I-Device
1952	O
1Built	O
at	O
Los	O
Alamos	O
Scientific	O
Laboratory	O
and	O
based	O
on	O
the	O
IAS	B-Device
computer	I-Device
IBM	B-Device
701	I-Device
1952	O
19Built	O
by	O
IBM	O
,	O
also	O
known	O
as	O
the	O
Defense	B-Device
Calculator	I-Device
,	O
based	O
on	O
the	O
IAS	B-Device
computer	I-Device
BESM-1	B-Device
1952	O
1Built	O
in	O
the	O
Soviet	O
Union	O
Bull	O
Gamma	O
3	O
1952	O
Made	O
by	O
Groupe	O
Bull	O
and	O
contained	O
almost	O
400	O
tubes	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
TREAC	B-Device
1953	O
1	O
Telecommunications	O
Research	O
Establishment	O
Automatic	O
Computer	O
-	O
Parallel	O
computer	O
developed	O
at	O
TRE	O
Malvern	O
,	O
England	O
AVIDAC	B-Device
1953	O
1	O
Based	O
on	O
the	O
IAS	B-Device
computer	I-Device
FLAC	B-Device
1953	O
3	O
Design	O
based	O
on	O
SEAC	B-Device
.	O
</s>
<s>
JOHNNIAC	B-Device
1953	O
1Built	O
by	O
the	O
RAND	O
Corporation	O
,	O
based	O
on	O
the	O
IAS	B-Device
computer	I-Device
MIDAC	B-Device
19531Built	O
at	O
the	O
University	O
of	O
Michigan	O
,	O
the	O
first	O
at	O
a	O
university	O
in	O
the	O
Midwest	O
IBM	B-Device
702	I-Device
1953	O
14Built	O
by	O
IBM	O
for	O
business	O
computing	O
UNIVAC	B-Device
1103	I-Device
1953	O
Designed	O
by	O
Engineering	O
Research	O
Associates	O
(	O
ERA	O
)	O
RAYDAC	B-Device
1953	O
1Built	O
by	O
Raytheon	O
for	O
Naval	O
Air	O
Missile	O
Test	O
Center	O
Strela	B-Device
computer	I-Device
1953	O
7Built	O
in	O
the	O
Soviet	O
Union	O
Datatron	B-Device
1954	O
~	O
120	O
Scientific/commercial	O
computer	O
built	O
by	O
ElectroData	O
Corporation	O
IBM	B-Device
650	I-Device
1954	O
~	O
2000The	O
world	O
's	O
first	O
mass-produced	O
computer	O
IBM	B-Device
704	I-Device
1954	O
123The	O
first	O
mass-produced	O
computer	O
with	O
floating-point	B-Algorithm
arithmetic	I-Algorithm
hardware	O
for	O
scientific	O
use	O
IBM	B-Device
705	I-Device
1954	O
Mostly	O
compatible	O
with	O
the	O
IBM	B-Device
702	I-Device
,	O
for	O
business	O
use	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
BESK	B-Device
1954	O
April	O
1Sweden	O
's	O
first	B-Architecture
computer	I-Architecture
and	O
was	O
the	O
fastest	O
computer	O
in	O
the	O
world	O
for	O
a	O
brief	O
time	O
IBM	B-Device
NORC	I-Device
1954	O
Dec	O
1Built	O
by	O
IBM	O
for	O
the	O
US	O
Navy	O
Bureau	O
of	O
Ordnance	O
,	O
it	O
was	O
the	O
first	O
supercomputer	O
and	O
the	O
most	O
powerful	O
computer	O
in	O
the	O
world	O
for	O
at	O
least	O
2	O
years	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
UNIVAC	B-Device
1102	I-Device
1954	O
3A	O
variation	O
of	O
the	B-Operating_System
UNIVAC	I-Operating_System
1101	O
built	O
for	O
the	O
US	O
Air	O
Force	O
DYSEAC	B-Device
1954	O
1	O
Built	O
by	O
the	O
U.S.	O
National	O
Bureau	O
of	O
Standards	O
as	O
an	O
improved	O
version	O
of	O
SEAC	B-Device
.	O
</s>
<s>
Mounted	O
in	O
a	O
trailer	O
van	O
,	O
making	O
it	O
the	O
first	B-Architecture
computer	I-Architecture
to	O
be	O
transportable	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
WISC	B-Device
1954	O
1Built	O
by	O
the	O
University	O
of	O
Wisconsin	O
–	O
Madison	O
REAC	B-Device
400	I-Device
(	O
C-400	O
)	O
1955	O
In	O
1961	O
REAC	O
installed	O
for	O
$	O
60,000	O
at	O
University	O
of	O
Minnesota	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
CALDIC	B-Device
1955	O
1Designed	O
to	O
be	O
inexpensive	O
and	O
simple	O
to	O
use	O
;	O
it	O
used	O
decimal	O
arithmeticMOSAIC19551Second	O
implementation	O
of	O
ACE	O
(	O
Automatic	O
Computing	O
Engine	O
)	O
architecture	O
after	O
Pilot	O
ACE.English	O
Electric	O
DEUCE	O
195531Commercial	O
version	O
of	O
Pilot	B-Device
ACE	I-Device
Zuse	B-Device
Z22	I-Device
1955	O
55An	O
early	O
commercial	O
computer	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
ERMETH	B-Device
1955	O
Built	O
by	O
Eduard	O
Stiefel	O
,	O
Heinz	O
Rutishauser	O
,	O
Ambros	O
Speiser	O
at	O
the	O
ETH	O
Zurich	O
HEC	B-Device
4	O
(	O
ICT	O
1200	O
series	O
)	O
1955	O
Built	O
by	O
Andrew	O
Booth	O
WEIZAC	B-Device
1955	O
1	O
Built	O
by	O
the	O
Weizmann	O
Institute	O
of	O
Science	O
(	O
Israel	O
)	O
under	O
the	O
guidance	O
of	O
Prof	O
.	O
G	O
.	O
Estrin	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
First	B-Architecture
computer	I-Architecture
designed	O
in	O
the	O
Middle	O
East	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
by	O
Heinz	O
Billing	O
Axel	O
Wenner-Gren	O
ALWAC	B-Device
III-E	I-Device
1955	O
Commercially	O
constructed	O
and	O
installed	O
(	O
in	O
1957	O
)	O
at	O
University	O
of	O
British	O
Columbia	O
and	O
Oregon	O
State	O
University	O
(	O
then	O
College	O
)	O
IBM	B-Device
305	I-Device
RAMAC	I-Device
1956	O
>1000The	O
first	O
commercial	O
computer	O
to	O
use	O
a	O
moving-head	O
hard-disk	B-Device
drive	I-Device
for	O
secondary	O
storage	O
PERM	B-Device
1956	O
1Built	O
in	O
Munich	O
D1	O
1956	O
Built	O
by	O
Joachim	O
Lehmann	O
at	O
the	O
TU	O
Dresden	O
SMIL	B-Device
19561Built	O
in	O
Sweden	O
and	O
based	O
on	O
the	O
IAS	B-Device
computer	I-Device
Bendix	B-Device
G-15	I-Device
1956	O
>400A	O
small	O
computer	O
for	O
scientific	O
and	O
industrial	O
purposes	O
by	O
the	O
Bendix	O
Corporation	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
TIFR	B-General_Concept
Pilot	I-General_Concept
Machine	I-General_Concept
1956	O
TIFRAC	B-General_Concept
(	O
Tata	B-General_Concept
Institute	I-General_Concept
of	I-General_Concept
Fundamental	I-General_Concept
Research	I-General_Concept
Automatic	I-General_Concept
Calculator	I-General_Concept
)	O
was	O
the	O
first	B-Architecture
computer	I-Architecture
developed	O
in	O
India	O
,	O
at	O
the	O
Tata	O
Institute	O
of	O
Fundamental	O
Research	O
in	O
Mumbai	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
LGP-30	B-Device
1956	O
~	O
500Data-processing	O
system	O
made	O
by	O
Librascope	O
;	O
bit-serial	O
drum	O
machine	O
with	O
only	O
113	O
tubes	O
,	O
along	O
with	O
1450	O
diodes	O
UNIVAC	O
1103A	O
1956	O
First	B-Architecture
computer	I-Architecture
to	O
have	O
hardware	O
interrupts	O
FUJIC	B-Device
1956	O
1The	O
first	O
electronic	O
computer	O
in	O
Japan	O
,	O
designed	O
to	O
perform	O
calculations	O
for	O
lens	O
design	O
by	O
Fuji	O
Ferranti	B-Device
Pegasus	I-Device
1956	O
38	O
Vacuum	O
tube	O
computer	O
with	O
magnetostrictive	O
delay	O
line	O
memory	O
intended	O
for	O
office	O
usage	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
SILLIAC	B-Device
1956	O
1Built	O
at	O
the	O
University	O
of	O
Sydney	O
,	O
based	O
on	O
the	O
ILLIAC	O
and	O
ORDVAC	B-Device
RCA	O
BIZMAC	B-Device
1956	O
6RCA	O
's	O
first	O
commercial	O
computer	O
,	O
it	O
contained	O
25,000	O
tubes	O
Ural	O
series	O
1956	O
–	O
1964	O
Ural-1	O
to	O
Ural-4	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Marketed	O
as	O
National-Elliott	O
405BESM-21957	O
>20general	O
purpose	O
computer	O
in	O
the	O
BESM	B-Device
seriesCIFA-119574First	O
computer	O
built	O
in	O
Romania	O
at	O
Institutul	O
de	O
Fizică	O
Atomică	O
(	O
Atomic	O
Physics	O
Institute	O
)	O
DASK	B-Device
1957	O
1The	O
first	B-Architecture
computer	I-Architecture
in	O
Denmark	O
;	O
had	O
an	O
early	O
implementation	O
of	O
ALGOL	B-Language
UNIVAC	O
1104	O
1957	O
A	O
30-bit	O
variation	O
of	O
the	B-Operating_System
UNIVAC	I-Operating_System
1103	O
Ferranti	B-Device
Mercury	I-Device
1957	O
19An	O
early	O
commercial	O
vacuum	O
tube	O
computer	O
by	O
Ferranti	O
,	O
with	O
core	O
memory	O
and	O
hardware	O
floating	B-Algorithm
point	I-Algorithm
capability	O
IBM	B-Device
610	I-Device
1957	O
180A	O
small	O
computer	O
designed	O
to	O
be	O
used	O
by	O
one	O
person	O
with	O
limited	O
experience	O
FACIT	O
EDB	O
2	O
1957	O
9LEO	O
II195711Commercial	O
version	O
of	O
LEO	B-Device
I	I-Device
prototype	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
MANIAC	B-Device
II	I-Device
1957	O
1Built	O
by	O
the	O
University	O
of	O
California	O
and	O
the	O
Los	O
Alamos	O
Scientific	O
Laboratory	O
MISTIC	B-General_Concept
1957	O
1A	O
Michigan	O
State	O
University	O
based	O
on	O
the	O
ILLIAC	B-Device
I	I-Device
MUSASINO-1	B-Device
1957	O
1A	O
Japanese	O
computer	O
based	O
on	O
the	O
ILLIAC	B-Device
I	I-Device
MMIF	O
1957	O
MMIF	O
or	O
Machine	O
mathématique	O
IRSIA-FNRS	O
,	O
devised	O
by	O
a	O
team	O
funded	O
by	O
the	O
Belgian	O
public	O
institutions	O
IRSIA	O
and	O
FNRS	O
,	O
and	O
build	O
at	O
the	O
Bell	O
Telephone	O
Mfg	O
Co	O
in	O
Antwerp	O
,	O
from	O
1952	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Sandia	O
RAYPAC	O
(	O
Ray	O
Path	O
Analog	O
Computer	O
)	O
Sandia	O
's	O
Blast	O
Prediction	O
Unit	O
used	O
for	O
Operation	O
Teapot	O
EDSAC	B-Device
2	I-Device
1958	O
1	O
First	B-Architecture
computer	I-Architecture
to	O
have	O
a	O
microprogrammed	O
control	O
unit	O
and	O
a	O
bit-slice	O
hardware	O
architecture	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
IBM	B-Device
709	I-Device
1958	O
An	O
improved	O
version	O
of	O
the	O
IBM	B-Device
704	I-Device
UNIVAC	B-Device
II	I-Device
1958	O
An	O
improved	O
,	O
fully	O
compatible	O
version	O
of	O
the	B-Operating_System
UNIVAC	I-Operating_System
I	O
UNIVAC	B-Device
1105	I-Device
1958	O
3A	O
follow-up	O
to	O
the	B-Operating_System
UNIVAC	I-Operating_System
1103	O
scientific	O
computer	O
AN/FSQ	B-Device
-7	I-Device
1958	O
Largest	O
vacuum	O
tube	O
computer	O
ever	O
built	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
ZEBRA	B-Device
1958	O
55Designed	O
in	O
Holland	O
and	O
built	O
by	O
Britain	O
's	O
Standard	O
Telephones	O
and	O
Cables	O
Ferranti	B-Device
Perseus	I-Device
1959	O
2	O
Rice	B-Device
Institute	I-Device
Computer	I-Device
1959	O
1	O
Operational	O
1959-1971	O
,	O
54-bit	O
tagged	O
architecture	O
Burroughs	B-Device
220	I-Device
1959	O
~	O
50	O
Scientific/commercial	O
computer	O
,	O
successor	O
to	O
ElectroData	O
DatatronCyclone	O
1959	O
1	O
IAS-type	O
computer	O
at	O
Iowa	O
State	O
CollegeDERA	O
1959	O
1	O
Built	O
by	O
Alwin	O
Walther	O
at	O
the	O
Technical	O
University	O
of	O
Darmstadt	O
;	O
first	O
operative	O
in	O
1957	O
,	O
development	O
completed	O
in	O
1959D21959Built	O
by	O
Joachim	O
Lehmann	O
at	O
the	O
TU	O
Dresden	O
TIFRAC	B-General_Concept
1960	O
The	O
first	B-Architecture
computer	I-Architecture
developed	O
in	O
India	O
CER-10	B-Device
1960	O
The	O
first	B-Architecture
computer	I-Architecture
developed	O
in	O
Yugoslavia	O
,	O
it	O
also	O
used	O
some	O
transistors	B-Application
Philips	O
PASCAL	O
/	O
STEVIN	O
1960	O
Philips	O
Automatic	O
Sequence	O
Calculator	O
;	O
1200	O
valves	O
,	O
10000	O
transistors	B-Application
,	O
and	O
15000	O
germanium	O
diodes	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
*	O
The	O
Wegematic	O
1000	O
1960	O
Improved	O
version	O
of	O
the	O
ALWAC	B-Device
III-E	I-Device
ZRA	O
1	O
1960	O
Built	O
by	O
VEB	O
Carl	O
Zeiss	O
,	O
Jena	O
,	O
German	O
Democratic	O
RepublicSiegmar	O
Gerber	O
:	O
Einsatz	O
von	O
Zeiss-Rechnern	O
für	O
Forschung	O
,	O
Lehre	O
und	O
Dienstleistung	O
in	O
Informatik	O
in	O
der	O
DDR	O
–	O
eine	O
Bilanz	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
GI-Edition	O
,	O
Bonn	O
2006	O
,	O
p	O
.	O
310	O
–	O
318	O
Minsk-1	O
1960	O
Built	O
in	O
Minsk	O
Odra	O
1001	O
1960	O
First	B-Architecture
computer	I-Architecture
built	O
by	O
Elwro	O
,	O
Wroclaw	O
,	O
Poland	O
Minsk-1	O
1960	O
Built	O
in	O
Minsk	O
G3	O
1961	O
Built	O
by	O
the	O
Max	O
Planck	O
Institute	O
for	O
Physics	O
in	O
Göttingen	O
,	O
esp	O
.	O
</s>
