<s>
Many	O
software	B-Error_Name
bugs	I-Error_Name
are	O
merely	O
annoying	O
or	O
inconvenient	O
but	O
some	O
can	O
have	O
extremely	O
serious	O
consequences	O
–	O
either	O
financially	O
or	O
as	O
a	O
threat	O
to	O
human	O
well-being	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
following	O
is	O
a	O
list	B-Error_Name
of	I-Error_Name
software	I-Error_Name
bugs	I-Error_Name
with	O
significant	O
consequences	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
This	O
was	O
the	O
result	O
of	O
the	O
failure	O
of	O
a	O
transcriber	O
to	O
notice	O
an	O
overbar	O
in	O
a	O
written	O
specification	O
for	O
the	O
guidance	O
program	O
,	O
resulting	O
in	O
the	O
coding	O
of	O
an	O
incorrect	O
formula	O
in	O
its	O
FORTRAN	B-Application
software	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
initial	O
reporting	O
of	O
the	O
cause	O
of	O
this	O
bug	B-Error_Name
was	O
incorrect	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
A	O
360-degree	O
rotation	O
corresponding	O
to	O
the	O
Earth	O
's	O
rotation	O
relative	O
to	O
the	O
fixed	O
stars	O
was	O
used	O
instead	O
of	O
the	O
360.98-degree	O
rotation	O
in	O
a	O
24-hour	O
solar	O
day	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
shorter	O
length	O
of	O
the	O
first	O
three	O
missions	O
and	O
a	O
computer	O
failure	O
on	O
Gemini	O
4	O
prevented	O
the	O
bug	B-Error_Name
from	O
being	O
detected	O
earlier	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
European	O
Space	O
Agency	O
's	O
Ariane	B-Language
flight	I-Language
V88	I-Language
was	O
destroyed	O
40	O
seconds	O
after	O
takeoff	O
(	O
June	O
4	O
,	O
1996	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
1997	O
,	O
the	O
Mars	O
Pathfinder	O
mission	O
was	O
jeopardised	O
by	O
a	O
bug	B-Error_Name
in	O
concurrent	B-Architecture
software	I-Architecture
shortly	O
after	O
the	O
rover	O
landed	O
,	O
which	O
was	O
found	O
in	O
preflight	O
testing	O
but	O
given	O
a	O
low	O
priority	O
as	O
it	O
only	O
occurred	O
in	O
certain	O
unanticipated	O
heavy-load	O
conditions	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
problem	O
,	O
which	O
was	O
identified	O
and	O
corrected	O
from	O
Earth	O
,	O
was	O
due	O
to	O
computer	B-General_Concept
resets	I-General_Concept
caused	O
by	O
priority	B-Operating_System
inversion	I-Operating_System
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
European	O
Space	O
Agency	O
's	O
CryoSat-1	B-Algorithm
satellite	O
was	O
lost	O
in	O
a	O
launch	O
failure	O
in	O
2005	O
due	O
to	O
a	O
missing	O
shutdown	O
command	O
in	O
the	O
flight	O
control	O
system	O
of	O
its	O
Rokot	O
carrier	O
rocket	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Engineers	O
found	O
that	O
too	O
many	O
files	O
had	O
accumulated	O
in	O
the	O
rover	O
's	O
flash	B-Device
memory	I-Device
.	O
</s>
<s>
Israel	O
's	O
first	O
attempt	O
to	O
land	O
an	O
uncrewed	O
spacecraft	O
on	O
the	O
moon	O
with	O
the	O
Beresheet	O
was	O
rendered	O
unsuccessful	O
on	O
April	O
11	O
,	O
2019	O
,	O
due	O
to	O
a	O
software	B-Error_Name
bug	I-Error_Name
with	O
its	O
engine	O
system	O
,	O
which	O
prevented	O
it	O
from	O
slowing	O
down	O
during	O
its	O
final	O
descent	O
on	O
the	O
moon	O
's	O
surface	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Engineers	O
attempted	O
to	O
correct	O
this	O
bug	B-Error_Name
by	O
remotely	O
rebooting	O
the	O
engine	O
,	O
but	O
by	O
the	O
time	O
they	O
regained	O
control	O
of	O
it	O
,	O
Beresheet	O
could	O
not	O
slow	O
down	O
in	O
time	O
to	O
avert	O
a	O
hard	O
,	O
crash	B-General_Concept
landing	O
that	O
disintegrated	O
it	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
A	O
bug	B-Error_Name
in	O
the	O
code	O
controlling	O
the	O
Therac-25	O
radiation	O
therapy	O
machine	O
was	O
directly	O
responsible	O
for	O
at	O
least	O
five	O
patient	O
deaths	O
in	O
the	O
1980s	O
when	O
it	O
administered	O
excessive	O
quantities	O
of	O
beta	O
radiation	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
year	B-Error_Name
2000	I-Error_Name
problem	I-Error_Name
spawned	O
fears	O
of	O
worldwide	O
economic	O
collapse	O
and	O
an	O
industry	O
of	O
consultants	O
providing	O
last-minute	O
fixes	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
A	O
similar	O
problem	O
will	O
occur	O
in	O
2038	O
(	O
the	O
year	B-Application
2038	I-Application
problem	I-Application
)	O
,	O
as	O
many	O
Unix-like	O
systems	O
calculate	O
the	O
time	O
in	O
seconds	O
since	O
1	O
January	O
1970	O
,	O
and	O
store	O
this	O
number	O
as	O
a	O
32-bit	O
signed	B-Algorithm
integer	O
,	O
for	O
which	O
the	O
maximum	O
possible	O
value	O
is	O
(	O
2,147,483,647	O
)	O
seconds	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
Northeast	O
blackout	O
of	O
2003	O
was	O
triggered	O
by	O
a	O
local	O
outage	O
that	O
went	O
undetected	O
due	O
to	O
a	O
race	B-Operating_System
condition	I-Operating_System
in	O
General	O
Electric	O
Energy	O
's	O
XA/21	O
monitoring	O
software	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
AT&T	O
long-distance	O
network	O
crash	B-General_Concept
(	O
January	O
15	O
,	O
1990	O
)	O
,	O
in	O
which	O
the	O
failure	O
of	O
one	O
switching	O
system	O
would	O
cause	O
a	O
message	O
to	O
be	O
sent	O
to	O
nearby	O
switching	O
units	O
to	O
tell	O
them	O
that	O
there	O
was	O
a	O
problem	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
January	O
2009	O
,	O
Google	B-Application
's	I-Application
search	O
engine	O
erroneously	O
notified	O
users	O
that	O
every	O
web	O
site	O
worldwide	O
was	O
potentially	O
malicious	O
,	O
including	O
its	O
own	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
May	O
2015	O
,	O
iPhone	B-Device
users	O
discovered	O
a	O
bug	B-Error_Name
where	O
sending	O
a	O
certain	O
sequence	O
of	O
characters	O
and	O
Unicode	O
symbols	O
as	O
a	O
text	O
to	O
another	O
iPhone	B-Device
user	O
would	O
crash	B-General_Concept
the	O
receiving	O
iPhone	B-Device
's	O
SpringBoard	O
interface	O
,	O
and	O
may	O
also	O
crash	B-General_Concept
the	O
entire	O
phone	O
,	O
induce	O
a	O
factory	B-General_Concept
reset	I-General_Concept
,	O
or	O
disrupt	O
the	O
device	O
's	O
connectivity	O
to	O
a	O
significant	O
degree	O
,	O
preventing	O
it	O
from	O
functioning	O
normally	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
bug	B-Error_Name
persisted	O
for	O
weeks	O
,	O
gained	O
substantial	O
notoriety	O
and	O
saw	O
a	O
number	O
of	O
individuals	O
using	O
the	O
bug	B-Error_Name
to	O
play	O
pranks	O
on	O
other	O
iOS	O
users	O
,	O
before	O
Apple	O
eventually	O
patched	O
it	O
on	O
June	O
30	O
,	O
2015	O
,	O
with	O
iOS	O
8.4	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
software	B-Error_Name
error	I-Error_Name
of	O
a	O
MIM-104	O
Patriot	O
caused	O
its	O
system	O
clock	O
to	O
drift	O
by	O
one	O
third	O
of	O
a	O
second	O
over	O
a	O
period	O
of	O
one	O
hundred	O
hours	O
–	O
resulting	O
in	O
failure	O
to	O
locate	O
and	O
intercept	O
an	O
incoming	O
Iraqi	O
Al	O
Hussein	O
missile	O
,	O
which	O
then	O
struck	O
Dharan	O
barracks	O
,	O
Saudi	O
Arabia	O
(	O
February	O
25	O
,	O
1991	O
)	O
,	O
killing	O
28	O
Americans	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Initially	O
,	O
the	O
crash	B-General_Concept
was	O
dismissed	O
as	O
pilot	O
error	O
,	O
but	O
an	O
investigation	O
by	O
Computer	O
Weekly	O
uncovered	O
sufficient	O
evidence	O
to	O
convince	O
a	O
House	O
of	O
Lords	O
inquiry	O
that	O
it	O
may	O
have	O
been	O
caused	O
by	O
a	O
software	B-Error_Name
bug	I-Error_Name
in	O
the	O
aircraft	O
's	O
engine	O
control	O
computer	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Smart	O
ship	O
USS	O
Yorktown	O
was	O
left	O
dead	O
in	O
the	O
water	O
in	O
September	O
1997	O
for	O
nearly	O
3	O
hours	O
after	O
a	O
divide	B-Algorithm
by	I-Algorithm
zero	I-Algorithm
error	I-Algorithm
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
cause	O
of	O
the	O
crash	B-General_Concept
was	O
found	O
to	O
be	O
a	O
flight	O
control	O
software	B-Error_Name
error	I-Error_Name
that	O
failed	O
to	O
prevent	O
a	O
pilot-induced	O
oscillation	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
While	O
attempting	O
its	O
first	O
overseas	O
deployment	O
to	O
the	O
Kadena	O
Air	O
Base	O
in	O
Okinawa	O
,	O
Japan	O
,	O
on	O
11	O
February	O
2007	O
,	O
a	O
group	O
of	O
six	O
F-22	B-Application
Raptors	I-Application
flying	O
from	O
Hickam	O
AFB	O
,	O
Hawaii	O
,	O
experienced	O
multiple	O
computer	B-General_Concept
crashes	I-General_Concept
coincident	O
with	O
their	O
crossing	O
of	O
the	O
180th	O
meridian	O
of	O
longitude	O
(	O
the	O
International	O
Date	O
Line	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
the	O
Sony	O
BMG	O
copy	B-Application
protection	I-Application
rootkit	O
scandal	O
(	O
October	O
2005	O
)	O
,	O
Sony	O
BMG	O
produced	O
a	O
Van	O
Zant	O
music	O
CD	O
that	O
employed	O
a	O
copy	B-Application
protection	I-Application
scheme	O
that	O
covertly	O
installed	O
a	O
rootkit	O
on	O
any	O
Windows	O
PC	O
that	O
was	O
used	O
to	O
play	O
it	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Their	O
intent	O
was	O
to	O
hide	O
the	O
copy	B-Application
protection	I-Application
mechanism	O
to	O
make	O
it	O
harder	O
to	O
circumvent	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Eve	B-Protocol
Onlines	I-Protocol
deployment	O
of	O
the	O
Trinity	B-Application
patch	I-Application
erased	O
the	O
boot.ini	O
file	O
from	O
several	O
thousand	O
users	O
 '	O
computers	O
,	O
rendering	O
them	O
unable	O
to	O
boot	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
This	O
was	O
due	O
to	O
the	O
usage	O
of	O
a	O
legacy	B-Device
system	I-Device
within	O
the	O
game	O
that	O
was	O
also	O
named	O
boot.ini	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
Corrupted	O
Blood	O
incident	O
was	O
a	O
software	B-Error_Name
bug	I-Error_Name
in	O
World	B-Protocol
of	I-Protocol
Warcraft	I-Protocol
that	O
caused	O
a	O
deadly	O
,	O
debuff-inducing	O
virtual	O
disease	O
that	O
could	O
only	O
be	O
contracted	O
during	O
a	O
particular	O
raid	B-Protocol
to	O
be	O
set	O
free	O
into	O
the	O
rest	O
of	O
the	O
game	O
world	O
,	O
leading	O
to	O
numerous	O
,	O
repeated	O
deaths	O
of	O
many	O
player	O
characters	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
This	O
caused	O
players	O
to	O
avoid	O
crowded	O
places	O
in-game	O
,	O
just	O
like	O
in	O
a	O
"	O
real	O
world	O
"	O
epidemic	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
bug	B-Error_Name
became	O
the	O
center	O
of	O
some	O
academic	O
research	O
on	O
the	O
spread	O
of	O
infectious	O
diseases	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
On	O
June	O
6	O
,	O
2006	O
,	O
the	O
online	O
game	O
RuneScape	B-Protocol
suffered	O
from	O
a	O
bug	B-Error_Name
that	O
enabled	O
certain	O
player	O
characters	O
to	O
kill	O
and	O
loot	O
other	O
characters	O
,	O
who	O
were	O
unable	O
to	O
fight	O
back	O
against	O
the	O
affected	O
characters	O
because	O
the	O
game	O
still	O
thought	O
they	O
were	O
in	O
player-versus-player	O
mode	O
even	O
after	O
they	O
were	O
kicked	O
out	O
of	O
a	O
combat	O
ring	O
from	O
the	O
house	O
of	O
a	O
player	O
who	O
was	O
suffering	O
from	O
lag	B-Application
while	O
celebrating	O
an	O
in-game	O
accomplishment	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Players	O
who	O
were	O
killed	O
by	O
the	O
glitched	O
characters	O
lost	O
many	O
items	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
bug	B-Error_Name
was	O
so	O
devastating	O
that	O
the	O
players	O
who	O
were	O
abusing	O
it	O
were	O
soon	O
tracked	O
down	O
,	O
caught	O
and	O
banned	O
permanently	O
from	O
the	O
game	O
,	O
but	O
not	O
before	O
they	O
had	O
laid	O
waste	O
to	O
the	O
region	O
of	O
Falador	B-Protocol
,	O
thus	O
christening	O
the	O
bug	B-Error_Name
"	O
Falador	B-Protocol
Massacre	O
"	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
the	O
256th	O
level	O
of	O
Pac-Man	B-Application
,	O
a	O
bug	B-Error_Name
results	O
in	O
a	O
kill	O
screen	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Upon	O
initial	O
release	O
,	O
the	O
ZX	B-Operating_System
Spectrum	I-Operating_System
game	O
Jet	B-Application
Set	I-Application
Willy	I-Application
was	O
impossible	O
to	O
complete	O
because	O
of	O
a	O
severe	O
bug	B-Error_Name
that	O
corrupted	O
the	O
game	O
data	O
,	O
causing	O
enemies	O
and	O
the	O
player	O
character	O
to	O
be	O
killed	O
in	O
certain	O
rooms	O
of	O
the	O
large	O
mansion	O
where	O
the	O
entire	O
game	O
takes	O
place	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
bug	B-Error_Name
,	O
known	O
as	O
"	O
The	O
Attic	O
Bug	B-Error_Name
"	O
,	O
would	O
occur	O
when	O
the	O
player	O
entered	O
the	O
mansion	O
's	O
attic	O
,	O
which	O
would	O
then	O
cause	O
an	O
arrow	O
to	O
travel	O
offscreen	O
,	O
overwriting	O
the	O
contents	O
of	O
memory	O
and	O
altering	O
crucial	O
variables	O
and	O
behavior	O
in	O
an	O
undesirable	O
way	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
game	O
's	O
developers	O
initially	O
excused	O
this	O
bug	B-Error_Name
by	O
claiming	O
that	O
the	O
affected	O
rooms	O
were	O
death	O
traps	O
,	O
but	O
ultimately	O
owned	O
up	O
to	O
it	O
and	O
issued	O
instructions	O
to	O
players	O
on	O
how	O
to	O
fix	O
the	O
game	O
itself	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
One	O
of	O
the	O
free	O
demo	O
discs	O
issued	O
to	O
PlayStation	O
Underground	O
subscribers	O
in	O
the	O
United	O
States	O
contained	O
a	O
serious	O
bug	B-Error_Name
,	O
particularly	O
in	O
the	O
demo	O
for	O
Viewtiful	B-Application
Joe	I-Application
2	I-Application
,	O
that	O
would	O
not	O
only	O
crash	B-General_Concept
the	O
PlayStation	B-Device
2	I-Device
,	O
but	O
would	O
also	O
unformat	O
any	O
memory	B-Device
cards	I-Device
that	O
were	O
plugged	O
into	O
that	O
console	O
,	O
erasing	O
any	O
and	O
all	O
saved	O
data	O
onto	O
them	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
bug	B-Error_Name
was	O
so	O
severe	O
that	O
Sony	O
had	O
to	O
apologize	O
for	O
it	O
and	O
send	O
out	O
free	O
copies	O
of	O
other	O
PS2	B-Device
games	O
to	O
affected	O
players	O
as	O
consolation	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Due	O
to	O
a	O
severe	O
programming	B-Error_Name
error	I-Error_Name
,	O
much	O
of	O
the	O
Nintendo	B-Device
DS	I-Device
game	O
Bubble	B-Application
Bobble	I-Application
Revolution	I-Application
is	O
unplayable	O
because	O
a	O
mandatory	O
boss	O
fight	O
failed	O
to	O
trigger	O
in	O
the	O
30th	O
level	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
An	O
update	O
for	O
the	B-Operating_System
Xbox	I-Operating_System
360	I-Operating_System
version	O
of	O
Guitar	B-Application
Hero	I-Application
II	I-Application
,	O
which	O
was	O
intended	O
to	O
fix	O
some	O
issues	O
with	O
the	O
whammy	O
bar	O
on	O
that	O
game	O
's	O
guitar	O
controllers	O
,	O
came	O
with	O
a	O
bug	B-Error_Name
that	O
caused	O
some	O
consoles	O
to	O
freeze	B-General_Concept
,	O
or	O
even	O
stop	O
working	O
altogether	O
,	O
producing	O
the	O
infamous	O
"	O
red	B-Error_Name
ring	I-Error_Name
of	I-Error_Name
death	I-Error_Name
"	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Valve	O
's	O
Steam	B-Application
client	I-Application
for	O
Linux	O
could	O
accidentally	O
delete	O
all	O
the	O
user	O
's	O
files	O
in	O
every	O
directory	O
on	O
the	O
computer	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
This	O
happened	O
to	O
users	O
that	O
had	O
moved	O
Steam	B-Application
's	O
installation	O
directory	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
bug	B-Error_Name
is	O
the	O
result	O
of	O
unsafe	O
shellscript	B-Language
programming	O
:	O
The	O
first	O
line	O
tries	O
to	O
find	O
the	O
script	O
's	O
containing	O
directory	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
would	O
also	O
fail	O
if	O
$0	O
contained	O
no	O
slash	O
character	O
,	O
or	O
contained	O
a	O
broken	O
symlink	B-Application
,	O
perhaps	O
mistyped	O
by	O
the	O
user	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Finally	O
,	O
in	O
the	O
deletion	O
command	O
,	O
the	O
slash	O
character	O
takes	O
on	O
a	O
very	O
different	O
meaning	O
from	O
its	O
role	O
of	O
path	B-Application
concatenation	I-Application
operator	O
when	O
the	O
string	O
before	O
it	O
is	O
empty	O
,	O
as	O
it	O
then	O
names	O
the	O
root	B-Application
directory	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
Minus	O
World	O
is	O
an	O
infamous	O
glitch	O
level	O
from	O
the	O
1985	O
game	O
Super	O
Mario	O
Bros.	O
,	O
accessed	O
by	O
using	O
a	O
bug	B-Error_Name
to	O
clip	O
through	O
walls	O
in	O
level	O
1	O
–	O
2	O
to	O
reach	O
its	O
"	O
warp	O
zone	O
"	O
,	O
which	O
leads	O
to	O
the	O
said	O
level	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
As	O
this	O
level	O
is	O
endless	O
,	O
triggering	O
the	O
bug	B-Error_Name
that	O
takes	O
the	O
player	O
there	O
will	O
make	O
the	O
game	O
impossible	O
to	O
continue	O
until	O
the	O
player	O
resets	B-General_Concept
the	O
game	O
or	O
runs	B-Application
out	I-Application
of	I-Application
lives	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
is	O
a	O
glitch	O
Pokémon	O
species	O
present	O
in	O
Pokémon	B-Application
Red	I-Application
and	I-Application
Blue	I-Application
,	O
which	O
can	O
be	O
encountered	O
by	O
performing	O
a	O
particular	O
sequence	O
of	O
seemingly	O
unrelated	O
actions	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
This	O
is	O
one	O
of	O
the	O
most	O
famous	O
bugs	B-Error_Name
in	O
video	O
game	O
history	O
,	O
and	O
continues	O
to	O
be	O
well-known	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
order	O
to	O
fix	O
a	O
warning	O
issued	O
by	O
Valgrind	B-Application
,	O
a	O
maintainer	O
of	O
Debian	O
patched	O
OpenSSL	B-Language
and	O
broke	O
the	O
random	O
number	O
generator	O
in	O
the	O
process	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Every	O
key	O
generated	O
with	O
the	O
broken	O
version	O
is	O
compromised	O
(	O
as	O
the	O
"	O
random	O
"	O
numbers	O
were	O
made	O
easily	O
predictable	O
)	O
,	O
as	O
is	O
all	O
data	O
encrypted	O
with	O
it	O
,	O
threatening	O
many	O
applications	O
that	O
rely	O
on	O
encryption	O
such	O
as	O
S/MIME	B-Protocol
,	O
Tor	B-Application
,	O
SSL	B-Protocol
or	O
TLS	B-Protocol
protected	O
connections	O
and	O
SSH	B-Protocol
.	O
</s>
<s>
Heartbleed	B-Error_Name
,	O
an	O
OpenSSL	B-Language
vulnerability	O
introduced	O
in	O
2012	O
and	O
disclosed	O
in	O
April	O
2014	O
,	O
removed	O
confidentiality	O
from	O
affected	O
services	O
,	O
causing	O
among	O
other	O
things	O
the	O
shut	O
down	O
of	O
the	O
Canada	O
Revenue	O
Agency	O
's	O
public	O
access	O
to	O
the	O
online	O
filing	O
portion	O
of	O
its	O
website	O
following	O
the	O
theft	O
of	O
social	O
insurance	O
numbers	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
Apple	O
"	O
goto	O
fail	O
"	O
bug	B-Error_Name
was	O
a	O
duplicated	O
line	O
of	O
code	O
which	O
caused	O
a	O
public	O
key	O
certificate	O
check	O
to	O
pass	O
a	O
test	O
incorrectly	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
GnuTLS	O
"	O
goto	O
fail	O
"	O
bug	B-Error_Name
was	O
similar	O
to	O
the	O
Apple	O
bug	B-Error_Name
and	O
found	O
about	O
two	O
weeks	O
later	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
GnuTLS	O
bug	B-Error_Name
also	O
allowed	O
attackers	O
to	O
bypass	O
SSL/TLS	B-Protocol
security	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
By	O
some	O
accounts	O
Toyota	O
's	O
electronic	O
throttle	O
control	O
system	O
(	O
ETCS	O
)	O
had	O
bugs	B-Error_Name
that	O
could	O
cause	O
sudden	O
unintended	O
acceleration	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
Boeing	O
787	O
Dreamliner	O
experienced	O
an	O
integer	B-Error_Name
overflow	I-Error_Name
bug	B-Error_Name
which	O
could	O
shut	O
down	O
all	O
electrical	O
generators	O
if	O
the	O
aircraft	O
was	O
on	O
for	O
more	O
than	O
248	O
days	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
early	O
2019	O
,	O
the	O
transportation-rental	O
firm	O
Lime	O
discovered	O
a	O
firmware	O
bug	B-Error_Name
with	O
its	O
electric	O
scooters	O
that	O
can	O
cause	O
them	O
to	O
brake	O
very	O
hard	O
unexpectedly	O
,	O
which	O
may	O
hurl	O
and	O
injure	O
riders	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
January	O
1982	O
the	O
index	O
was	O
initialized	O
at	O
1000	O
and	O
subsequently	O
updated	O
and	O
truncated	B-Algorithm
to	O
three	O
decimal	O
places	O
on	O
each	O
trade	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
accumulated	O
truncations	B-Algorithm
led	O
to	O
an	O
erroneous	O
loss	O
of	O
around	O
25	O
points	O
per	O
month	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
This	O
was	O
a	O
result	O
of	O
failure	O
to	O
recognize	O
defects	O
in	O
the	O
Horizon	O
financial	O
software	O
,	O
the	O
subpostmasters	O
were	O
blamed	O
for	O
financial	O
shortfalls	O
which	O
were	O
actually	O
software	B-Error_Name
defects	I-Error_Name
.	O
</s>
