<s>
The	O
following	O
is	O
a	O
list	O
of	O
cities	O
that	O
have	O
implemented	O
smart	B-Device
city	I-Device
initiatives	O
,	O
organized	O
by	O
continent	O
and	O
then	O
alphabetically	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
Institute	O
for	O
Management	O
Development	O
and	O
Singapore	O
University	O
of	O
Technology	O
and	O
Design	O
rank	O
cities	O
in	O
the	O
Smart	B-Device
City	I-Device
Index	O
according	O
to	O
technological	O
,	O
economic	O
and	O
human	O
criteria	O
(	O
e.g.	O
,	O
the	O
quality	O
of	O
life	O
,	O
the	O
environment	O
and	O
inclusiveness	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
the	O
Smart	B-Device
City	I-Device
Index	O
2023	O
,	O
the	O
top	O
15	O
smart	B-Device
cities	I-Device
were	O
,	O
in	O
order	O
,	O
Zurich	O
,	O
Oslo	O
,	O
Canberra	O
,	O
Copenhagen	O
,	O
Lausanne	O
,	O
London	O
,	O
Singapore	O
,	O
Helsinki	O
,	O
Geneva	O
,	O
Stockholm	O
,	O
Hamburg	O
,	O
Beijing	O
,	O
Abu	O
Dhabi	O
,	O
Prague	O
,	O
and	O
Amsterdam	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
2013	O
,	O
the	O
Smart	O
Dubai	O
project	O
was	O
initiated	O
by	O
Shaikh	O
Mohammad	O
bin	O
Rashid	O
Al	O
Maktoum	O
,	O
vice	O
president	O
of	O
UAE	B-Device
,	O
which	O
contained	O
more	O
than	O
100	O
initiatives	O
to	O
make	O
Dubai	O
a	O
smart	B-Device
city	I-Device
by	O
2030	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
There	O
is	O
also	O
the	O
Dubai	O
Municipality	O
's	O
Digital	B-Device
City	I-Device
initiative	O
which	O
assigns	O
each	O
building	O
a	O
unique	O
QR	O
code	O
that	O
citizens	O
can	O
scan	O
containing	O
information	O
about	O
the	O
building	O
,	O
plot	O
,	O
and	O
location	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
Smart	B-Device
City	I-Device
Index	O
2021	O
,	O
published	O
by	O
the	O
Institute	O
for	O
Management	O
Development	O
and	O
Singapore	O
University	O
of	O
Technology	O
and	O
Design	O
,	O
ranked	O
Dubai	O
and	O
Abu	O
Dhabi	O
as	O
the	O
smartest	O
cities	O
in	O
the	O
region	O
of	O
the	O
Middle	O
East	O
and	O
North	O
Africa	O
,	O
and	O
in	O
positions	O
28	O
and	O
29	O
worldwide	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
GIFT	O
City	O
is	O
India	O
's	O
first	O
operational	O
greenfield	O
smart	B-Device
city	I-Device
.	O
</s>
<s>
Isfahan	O
has	O
a	O
smart	B-Device
city	I-Device
program	O
,	O
a	O
unified	O
human	O
resources	O
administration	O
system	O
,	O
and	O
transport	O
system	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
is	O
planned	O
to	O
incorporate	O
smart	B-Device
city	I-Device
technologies	O
and	O
to	O
function	O
as	O
a	O
tourist	O
destination	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Songdo	O
International	O
Business	O
District	O
is	O
planned	O
to	O
be	O
a	O
smart	B-Device
city	I-Device
.	O
</s>
<s>
Shanghai	B-Device
's	O
development	O
of	O
the	O
IoT	B-Operating_System
and	O
internet	O
connection	O
speeds	O
have	O
allowed	O
for	O
third-party	O
companies	O
to	O
revolutionize	O
the	O
productivity	O
of	O
the	O
city	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
As	O
mobile	O
ride	O
share	O
giant	O
,	O
DiDi	O
Chuxing	O
,	O
continuously	O
adds	O
more	O
user	O
protection	O
features	O
such	O
as	O
ride	O
recording	O
,	O
and	O
a	O
new	O
quick	O
response	O
safety	O
center	O
,	O
Shanghai	B-Device
is	O
furthering	O
their	O
smart	B-Device
city	I-Device
agenda	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
During	O
the	O
first	O
China	O
International	O
Import	O
Expo	O
,	O
Shanghai	B-Device
focused	O
on	O
smart	O
mobility	O
and	O
implemented	O
sensors	O
to	O
accept	O
smartphone	O
traffic	O
cards	O
in	O
all	O
metro	O
stations	O
and	O
buses	O
to	O
increase	O
efficiency	O
in	O
the	O
city	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Taipei	B-Application
started	O
the	O
"	O
smarttaipei	O
"	O
project	O
in	O
2016	O
,	O
where	O
the	O
major	O
concept	O
of	O
is	O
to	O
change	O
the	O
culture	O
of	O
city	O
hall	O
government	O
to	O
be	O
able	O
to	O
adopt	O
new	O
ideas	O
and	O
new	O
concepts	O
called	O
bottom-up	O
mechanism	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
Taipei	B-Application
City	O
government	O
established	O
the	O
"	O
Taipei	B-Application
Smart	B-Device
City	I-Device
Project	O
Management	O
Office	O
"	O
,	O
also	O
known	O
as	O
the	O
"	O
PMO	O
"	O
,	O
to	O
implement	O
and	O
governance	O
the	O
development	O
of	O
smart	B-Device
city	I-Device
.	O
</s>
<s>
PMO	O
accept	O
proposals	O
from	O
industry	O
and	O
help	O
to	O
negotiate	O
with	O
relative	O
department	O
of	O
Taipei	B-Application
city	O
to	O
initiate	O
new	O
proof	O
of	O
concept(PoC )	O
project	O
,	O
with	O
the	O
help	O
of	O
a	O
matchmaking	O
platform	O
which	O
allows	O
citizens	O
access	O
necessary	O
innovative	O
technologies	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
Amsterdam	O
smart	B-Device
city	I-Device
initiative	O
,	O
which	O
began	O
in	O
2009	O
,	O
currently	O
includes	O
170+	O
projects	O
collaboratively	O
developed	O
by	O
local	O
residents	O
,	O
government	O
and	O
businesses	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
To	O
promote	O
efforts	O
from	O
local	O
residents	O
,	O
the	O
City	O
runs	O
the	O
Amsterdam	O
Smart	B-Device
City	I-Device
Challenge	O
annually	O
,	O
accepting	O
proposals	O
for	O
applications	O
and	O
developments	O
that	O
fit	O
within	O
the	O
city	O
's	O
framework	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Barcelona	O
has	O
established	O
a	O
number	O
of	O
projects	O
that	O
can	O
be	O
considered	O
'	O
smart	B-Device
city	I-Device
 '	O
applications	O
within	O
its	O
"	O
CityOS	O
"	O
strategy	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Integration	O
of	O
multiple	O
smart	B-Device
city	I-Device
technologies	O
can	O
be	O
seen	O
through	O
the	O
implementation	O
of	O
smart	O
traffic	O
lights	O
as	O
buses	O
run	O
on	O
routes	O
designed	O
to	O
optimise	O
the	O
number	O
of	O
green	O
lights	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Much	O
of	O
this	O
data	O
is	O
managed	O
by	O
the	O
Sentilo	B-Device
Platform	I-Device
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
2014	O
,	O
Copenhagen	O
claimed	O
the	O
prestigious	O
World	O
Smart	B-Device
Cities	I-Device
Award	O
for	O
its	O
"	O
Connecting	O
Copenhagen	O
"	O
smart	B-Device
city	I-Device
development	O
strategy	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Positioned	O
in	O
the	O
Technical	O
and	O
Environmental	O
Administration	O
of	O
Copenhagen	O
,	O
the	O
smart	B-Device
city	I-Device
initiatives	O
are	O
coordinated	O
by	O
Copenhagen	O
Solutions	O
Lab	O
,	O
the	O
city	O
's	O
administrative	O
unit	O
for	O
smart	B-Device
city	I-Device
development	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
There	O
are	O
other	O
notable	O
actors	O
in	O
Greater	O
Copenhagen	O
that	O
coordinate	O
and	O
initiate	O
smart	B-Device
city	I-Device
initiatives	O
including	O
State	O
of	O
Green	O
and	O
Gate21	O
,	O
the	O
latter	O
of	O
which	O
has	O
initiated	O
the	O
innovation	O
hub	O
smart	B-Device
city	I-Device
Cluster	O
Denmark	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
an	O
article	O
with	O
The	O
Economist	O
,	O
a	O
current	O
major	O
smart	B-Device
city	I-Device
project	O
is	O
explained	O
:	O
"	O
In	O
Copenhagen	O
,	O
as	O
in	O
many	O
cities	O
around	O
the	O
world	O
,	O
air	O
quality	O
is	O
high	O
on	O
the	O
agenda	O
when	O
it	O
comes	O
to	O
liveability	O
,	O
with	O
68	O
percent	O
of	O
citizens	O
citing	O
it	O
as	O
of	O
high	O
importance	O
when	O
it	O
comes	O
to	O
what	O
makes	O
their	O
city	O
attractive	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
To	O
monitor	O
pollution	O
levels	O
,	O
Copenhagen	O
Solutions	O
Lab	O
is	O
currently	O
working	O
with	O
Google	B-Application
and	O
has	O
installed	O
monitoring	O
equipment	O
in	O
their	O
streetview	O
car	O
in	O
order	O
to	O
produce	O
a	O
heatmap	O
of	O
air	O
quality	O
around	O
the	O
city	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Dublin	O
has	O
been	O
refereed	O
to	O
as	O
an	O
unexpected	O
capital	O
for	O
smart	B-Device
cities	I-Device
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
smart	B-Device
city	I-Device
programme	O
for	O
the	O
city	O
is	O
run	O
by	O
Smart	O
Dublin	O
an	O
initiative	O
of	O
the	O
four	O
Dublin	O
Local	O
Authorities	O
to	O
engage	O
with	O
smart	O
technology	O
providers	O
,	O
researchers	O
and	O
citizens	O
to	O
solve	O
city	O
challenges	O
and	O
improve	O
city	O
life	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
includes	O
Dublinked	O
-	O
Dublin	O
's	O
open	O
data	O
platform	O
that	O
hosts	O
open	O
source	O
data	O
to	O
smart	B-Device
city	I-Device
applications	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Madrid	O
,	O
Spain	O
's	O
pioneering	O
smart	B-Device
city	I-Device
,	O
has	O
adopted	O
the	O
MiNT	O
Madrid	O
Inteligente/Smarter	O
Madrid	O
platform	O
to	O
integrate	O
the	O
management	O
of	O
local	O
services	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Madrid	O
is	O
considered	O
to	O
have	O
taken	O
a	O
bottom-up	O
approach	O
to	O
smart	B-Device
cities	I-Device
,	O
whereby	O
social	O
issues	O
are	O
first	O
identified	O
and	O
individual	O
technologies	O
or	O
networks	O
are	O
then	O
identified	O
to	O
address	O
these	O
issues	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
A	O
document	O
written	O
in	O
2011	O
refers	O
to	O
18th	O
century	O
Żejtun	O
as	O
the	O
earliest	O
"	O
smart	B-Device
city	I-Device
"	O
in	O
Malta	O
,	O
but	O
not	O
in	O
the	O
modern	O
context	O
of	O
a	O
smart	B-Device
city	I-Device
.	O
</s>
<s>
By	O
the	O
21st	O
century	O
,	O
SmartCity	B-Device
Malta	O
,	O
a	O
planned	O
technology	O
park	O
,	O
became	O
partially	O
operational	O
while	O
the	O
rest	O
is	O
under	O
construction	O
,	O
as	O
a	O
Foreign	O
Direct	O
Investment	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
December	O
2015	O
,	O
Manchester	O
's	O
CityVerve	O
project	O
was	O
chosen	O
as	O
the	O
winner	O
of	O
a	O
government-led	O
technology	O
competition	O
and	O
awarded	O
£10m	O
to	O
develop	O
an	B-Operating_System
Internet	I-Operating_System
of	I-Operating_System
Things	I-Operating_System
(	O
IoT	B-Operating_System
)	O
smart	B-Device
cities	I-Device
demonstrator	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
project	O
has	O
a	O
two-year	O
remit	O
to	O
demonstrate	O
the	O
capability	O
of	O
IoT	B-Operating_System
applications	O
and	O
address	O
barriers	O
to	O
deploying	O
smart	B-Device
cities	I-Device
,	O
such	O
as	O
city	O
governance	O
,	O
network	O
security	O
,	O
user	O
trust	O
and	O
adoption	O
,	O
interoperability	O
,	O
scalability	O
and	O
justifying	O
investment	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Milan	O
was	O
prompted	O
to	O
begin	O
its	O
smart	B-Device
city	I-Device
strategies	O
and	O
initiatives	O
by	O
the	O
European	O
Union	O
's	O
Smart	B-Device
Cities	I-Device
and	O
Communities	O
initiative	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
However	O
,	O
unlike	O
many	O
European	O
cities	O
,	O
Milan	O
's	O
Smart	B-Device
city	I-Device
strategies	O
focus	O
more	O
on	O
social	O
sustainability	O
rather	O
than	O
environmental	O
sustainability	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Milton	O
Keynes	O
has	O
a	O
commitment	O
to	O
making	O
itself	O
a	O
smart	B-Device
city	I-Device
.	O
</s>
<s>
Central	O
to	O
the	O
project	O
is	O
the	O
creation	O
of	O
a	O
state-of-the-art	O
'	O
MK	O
Data	B-Application
Hub	I-Application
 '	O
which	O
will	O
support	O
the	O
acquisition	O
and	O
management	O
of	O
vast	O
amounts	O
of	O
data	O
relevant	O
to	O
city	O
systems	O
from	O
a	O
variety	O
of	O
data	O
sources	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
MK:Smart	O
initiative	O
has	O
two	O
aspects	O
which	O
extend	O
our	O
understanding	O
of	O
how	O
smart	B-Device
Cities	I-Device
should	O
operate	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
second	O
aspect	O
is	O
in	O
providing	O
citizens	O
with	O
the	O
skills	O
to	O
operate	O
effectively	O
in	O
a	O
smart	B-Device
city	I-Device
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
Urban	O
Data	O
school	O
is	O
an	O
online	O
platform	O
to	O
teach	O
school	O
students	O
about	O
data	O
skills	O
while	O
the	O
project	O
has	O
also	O
produced	O
a	O
MOOC	O
to	O
inform	O
citizens	O
about	O
what	O
a	O
smart	B-Device
city	I-Device
is	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
the	O
summer	O
of	O
2018	O
,	O
Moscow	O
Mayor	O
Sergey	O
Sobyanin	O
announced	O
the	O
city	O
's	O
smart	B-Device
city	I-Device
project	O
,	O
aimed	O
at	O
applying	O
modern	O
technologies	O
in	O
all	O
areas	O
of	O
city	O
life	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Smart	B-Device
City	I-Device
technologies	O
have	O
been	O
deployed	O
in	O
healthcare	O
,	O
education	O
,	O
transport	O
and	O
municipal	O
services	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
There	O
are	O
more	O
than	O
300	O
digital	O
initiatives	O
within	O
the	O
smart	B-Device
city	I-Device
project	O
,	O
with	O
electronic	O
services	O
now	O
widely	O
provided	O
online	O
and	O
through	O
multifunctional	O
centers	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
city	O
of	O
Santander	O
in	O
Cantabria	O
,	O
northern	O
Spain	O
,	O
has	O
20,000	O
sensors	O
connecting	O
buildings	O
,	O
infrastructure	O
,	O
transport	O
,	O
networks	O
and	O
utilities	O
,	O
offers	O
a	O
physical	O
space	O
for	O
experimentation	O
and	O
validation	O
of	O
the	O
IoT	B-Operating_System
functions	O
,	O
such	O
as	O
interaction	O
and	O
management	O
protocols	O
,	O
device	O
technologies	O
,	O
and	O
support	O
services	O
such	O
as	O
discovery	O
,	O
identity	O
management	O
and	O
security	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Stockholm	O
's	O
smart	B-Device
city	I-Device
technology	O
is	O
underpinned	O
by	O
the	O
Stokab	O
dark	O
fibre	O
system	O
which	O
was	O
developed	O
in	O
1994	O
to	O
provide	O
a	O
universal	O
fibre	O
optic	O
network	O
across	O
Stockholm	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
An	O
example	O
of	O
district-specific	O
smart	B-Device
city	I-Device
technology	O
can	O
be	O
found	O
in	O
the	O
Kista	O
Science	O
City	O
region	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
This	O
region	O
is	O
based	O
on	O
the	O
triple	O
helix	O
concept	O
of	O
smart	B-Device
cities	I-Device
,	O
where	O
university	O
,	O
industry	O
and	O
government	O
work	O
together	O
to	O
develop	O
computing	O
applications	O
for	O
implementation	O
in	O
a	O
smart	B-Device
city	I-Device
strategy	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Tallinn	O
was	O
a	O
recipient	O
in	O
2020	O
of	O
the	O
Netexplo	O
Smart	B-Device
Cities	I-Device
2020	O
Prize	O
for	O
digital	O
transformation	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Since	O
2013	O
,	O
Tallinn	O
has	O
offered	O
free	O
public	O
transit	O
to	O
its	O
residents	O
,	O
coordinated	O
through	O
pairing	O
of	O
contactless	B-Application
fare	O
cards	O
with	O
national	O
identity	O
cards	O
via	O
digital	O
public	O
portal	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Tallinn	O
also	O
hosts	O
the	O
FinEst	O
Centre	O
for	O
Smart	B-Device
Cities	I-Device
,	O
a	O
collaborative	O
research	O
institution	O
investigating	O
autonomous	O
public	O
transport	O
and	O
smart	B-Architecture
grid	I-Architecture
solutions	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
the	O
summer	O
of	O
2017	O
,	O
the	O
City	O
of	O
Columbus	O
,	O
Ohio	O
began	O
its	O
pursuit	O
of	O
a	O
smart	B-Device
city	I-Device
initiative	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Many	O
smart	B-Device
cities	I-Device
such	O
as	O
Columbus	O
are	O
using	O
agreements	O
such	O
as	O
this	O
one	O
to	O
prepare	O
for	O
climate	O
change	O
,	O
expand	O
electric	O
infrastructure	O
,	O
convert	O
existing	O
public	O
vehicle	O
fleets	O
to	O
electric	O
cars	O
,	O
and	O
create	O
incentives	O
for	O
people	O
to	O
share	O
rides	O
when	O
commuting	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Because	O
autonomous	O
vehicles	O
are	O
currently	O
seeing	O
"	O
an	O
increased	O
industrial	O
research	O
and	O
legislative	O
push	O
globally	O
"	O
,	O
building	O
routes	O
and	O
connections	O
for	O
them	O
is	O
another	O
important	O
part	O
of	O
the	O
Columbus	O
smart	B-Device
city	I-Device
initiative	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
New	O
York	O
is	O
developing	O
a	O
number	O
of	O
smart	B-Device
city	I-Device
initiatives	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
city	O
of	O
San	O
Leandro	O
is	O
in	O
the	O
midst	O
of	O
transforming	O
from	O
an	O
industrial	O
center	O
to	O
a	O
tech	O
hub	O
of	O
the	B-Operating_System
Internet	I-Operating_System
of	I-Operating_System
things	I-Operating_System
(	O
IoT	B-Operating_System
)	O
(	O
technology	O
that	O
lets	O
devices	O
communicate	O
with	O
each	O
other	O
over	O
the	O
Internet	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
California	O
's	O
utility	O
company	O
PG&E	O
is	O
working	O
with	O
the	O
city	O
in	O
this	O
endeavor	O
and	O
on	O
a	O
smart	O
energy	O
pilot	O
program	O
that	O
would	O
develop	O
a	O
distributed	O
energy	O
network	O
across	O
the	O
city	O
that	O
would	O
be	O
monitored	O
by	O
IoT	B-Operating_System
sensors	O
.	O
</s>
