<s>
Flat-panel	B-General_Concept
displays	I-General_Concept
are	O
thin	O
panels	O
of	O
glass	O
or	O
plastic	O
used	O
for	O
electronically	O
displaying	O
text	O
,	O
images	O
,	O
or	O
video	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Liquid	B-Device
crystal	I-Device
displays	I-Device
(	O
LCD	B-Device
)	O
,	O
OLED	B-Device
(	O
organic	B-Device
light	I-Device
emitting	I-Device
diode	I-Device
)	O
and	O
microLED	B-General_Concept
displays	O
are	O
not	O
quite	O
the	O
same	O
;	O
since	O
LCD	B-Device
uses	O
a	O
liquid	B-Device
crystal	I-Device
that	O
reacts	O
to	O
an	O
electric	O
current	O
blocking	O
light	O
or	O
allowing	O
it	O
to	O
pass	O
through	O
the	O
panel	O
,	O
whereas	O
OLED/microLED	O
displays	O
consist	O
of	O
electroluminescent	O
organic/inorganic	O
materials	O
that	O
generate	O
light	O
when	O
a	O
current	O
is	O
passed	O
through	O
the	O
material	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
LCD	B-Device
,	O
OLED	B-Device
and	O
microLED	B-General_Concept
displays	O
are	O
driven	O
using	O
LTPS	O
,	O
IGZO	B-Algorithm
,	O
LTPO	O
,	O
and	O
A-Si	O
TFT	B-Device
transistor	O
technologies	O
as	O
their	O
backplane	O
using	O
ITO	O
to	O
supply	O
current	O
to	O
the	O
transistors	O
and	O
in	O
turn	O
to	O
the	O
liquid	B-Device
crystal	I-Device
or	O
electroluminescent	O
material	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Segment	O
and	O
passive	O
OLED	B-Device
and	O
LCD	B-Device
displays	I-Device
do	O
not	O
use	O
a	O
backplane	O
but	O
use	O
indium	O
tin	O
oxide	O
(	O
ITO	O
)	O
,	O
a	O
transparent	O
conductive	O
material	O
,	O
to	O
pass	O
current	O
to	O
the	O
electroluminescent	O
material	O
or	O
liquid	B-Device
crystal	I-Device
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
LCDs	B-Device
,	O
there	O
is	O
an	O
even	O
layer	O
of	O
liquid	B-Device
crystal	I-Device
throughout	O
the	O
panel	O
whereas	O
an	O
OLED	B-Device
display	I-Device
has	O
the	O
electroluminescent	O
material	O
only	O
where	O
it	O
is	O
meant	O
to	O
light	O
up	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
OLEDs	B-Device
,	O
LCDs	B-Device
and	O
microLEDs	B-General_Concept
can	O
be	O
made	O
flexible	B-Device
and	I-Device
transparent	I-Device
,	O
but	O
LCDs	B-Device
require	O
a	O
backlight	O
because	O
they	O
cannot	O
emit	O
light	O
on	O
their	O
own	O
like	O
OLEDs	B-Device
and	O
microLEDs	B-General_Concept
.	O
</s>
<s>
Liquid-crystal	B-Device
display	I-Device
(	O
or	O
LCD	B-Device
)	O
is	O
a	O
thin	O
,	O
flat	B-General_Concept
panel	I-General_Concept
used	O
for	O
electronically	O
displaying	O
information	O
such	O
as	O
text	O
,	O
images	O
,	O
and	O
moving	O
pictures	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Some	O
manufacturers	O
make	O
transparent	O
LCD	B-Device
panels	I-Device
and	O
special	O
sequential	O
color	O
segment	O
LCDs	B-Device
that	O
have	O
higher	O
than	O
usual	O
refresh	O
rates	O
and	O
an	O
RGB	O
backlight	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
list	O
of	O
LCD	B-Device
manufacturers	O
:	O
</s>
<s>
Organic	B-Device
light	I-Device
emitting	I-Device
diode	I-Device
(	O
or	O
OLED	B-Device
displays	I-Device
)	O
is	O
a	O
thin	O
,	O
flat	B-General_Concept
panel	I-General_Concept
made	O
of	O
glass	O
or	O
plastic	O
used	O
for	O
electronically	O
displaying	O
information	O
such	O
as	O
text	O
,	O
images	O
,	O
and	O
moving	O
pictures	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
OLED	B-Device
panels	O
can	O
also	O
take	O
the	O
shape	O
of	O
a	O
light	O
panel	O
,	O
where	O
red	O
,	O
green	O
and	O
blue	O
light	O
emitting	O
materials	O
are	O
stacked	O
to	O
create	O
a	O
white	O
light	O
panel	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
OLED	B-Device
displays	I-Device
can	O
also	O
be	O
made	O
transparent	O
and/or	O
flexible	O
and	O
these	O
transparent	O
panels	O
are	O
available	O
on	O
the	O
market	O
and	O
are	O
widely	O
used	O
in	O
smartphones	O
with	O
under-display	O
optical	O
fingerprint	O
sensors	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
LCD	B-Device
and	O
OLED	B-Device
displays	I-Device
are	O
available	O
in	O
different	O
shapes	O
,	O
the	O
most	O
prominent	O
of	O
which	O
is	O
a	O
circular	O
display	O
,	O
which	O
is	O
used	O
in	O
smartwatches	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
list	O
of	O
OLED	B-Device
display	I-Device
manufacturers	O
:	O
</s>
<s>
Below	O
are	O
some	O
manufacturers	O
that	O
make	O
OLED	B-Device
light	O
panels	O
:	O
</s>
<s>
MicroLED	B-General_Concept
displays	O
is	O
an	O
emerging	O
flat-panel	B-General_Concept
display	I-General_Concept
technology	O
consisting	O
of	O
arrays	O
of	O
microscopic	O
LEDs	O
forming	O
the	O
individual	O
pixel	B-Algorithm
elements	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Like	O
OLED	B-Device
,	O
microLED	B-General_Concept
offers	O
infinite	O
contrast	O
ratio	O
,	O
but	O
unlike	O
OLED	B-Device
,	O
microLED	B-General_Concept
is	O
immune	O
to	O
screen	O
burn-in	O
,	O
and	O
consumes	O
less	O
power	O
while	O
having	O
higher	O
light	O
output	O
,	O
as	O
it	O
uses	O
LEDs	O
instead	O
of	O
organic	O
electroluminescent	O
materials	O
,	O
The	O
list	O
of	O
MicroLED	B-General_Concept
display	O
manufacturers	O
:	O
</s>
<s>
Sony	O
produces	O
and	O
sells	O
commercial	O
MicroLED	B-General_Concept
displays	O
called	O
CLEDIS	O
(	O
Crystal-LED	O
Integrated	O
Displays	O
,	O
also	O
called	O
Canvas-LED	O
)	O
in	O
small	O
quantities	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Samsung	B-Application
sells	O
a	O
luxury	O
and	O
commercial	O
product	O
called	O
"	O
The	O
Wall	O
"	O
,	O
which	O
consists	O
of	O
several	O
microLED	B-General_Concept
display	O
modules	O
tiled	O
together	O
,	O
like	O
in	O
most	O
video	B-Device
walls	I-Device
.	O
</s>
<s>
Below	O
are	O
some	O
manufacturers	O
that	O
make	O
MicroLED	B-General_Concept
light	O
panels	O
:	O
</s>
<s>
This	O
list	O
lists	O
current	O
LCD	B-Device
fabrication	O
facilities	O
,	O
former	O
facilities	O
are	O
below	O
this	O
first	O
table	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
LCDs	B-Device
are	O
made	O
in	O
a	O
glass	O
substrate	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
For	O
OLED	B-Device
,	O
the	O
substrate	O
can	O
also	O
be	O
plastic	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Company	O
Plant	O
name	O
Plant	O
location	O
Plant	O
cost	O
(	O
in	O
US$	O
billions	O
)	O
Started	O
production	O
Substrate	O
panel	O
size	O
(	O
in	O
generations	O
)	O
Process	O
technology	O
(	O
TFT	B-Device
,	O
IPS	O
,	O
LTPS	O
,	O
IGZO	B-Algorithm
,	O
etc	O
.	O
)	O
</s>
<s>
Company	O
Plant	O
name	O
Plant	O
location	O
Plant	O
cost	O
(	O
in	O
US$	O
billions	O
)	O
Started	O
production	O
Substrate	O
panel	O
size	O
(	O
in	O
generations	O
)	O
Process	O
technology	O
(	O
TFT	B-Device
,	O
IPS	O
,	O
LTPS	O
,	O
IGZO	B-Algorithm
,	O
etc	O
.	O
)	O
</s>
<s>
Company	O
Plant	O
name	O
Plant	O
location	O
Plant	O
cost	O
(	O
in	O
US$	O
billions	O
)	O
Started	O
production	O
Substate	O
panel	O
size	O
(	O
in	O
generations	O
)	O
Process	O
technology	O
(	O
TFT	B-Device
,	O
LTPS	O
,	O
IGZO	B-Algorithm
,	O
LTPO	O
,	O
etc	O
.	O
)	O
</s>
<s>
Company	O
Plant	O
name	O
Plant	O
location	O
Plant	O
cost	O
(	O
in	O
US$	O
billions	O
)	O
Started	O
production	O
Substrate	O
panel	O
size	O
(	O
in	O
generations	O
)	O
Process	O
technology	O
(	O
TFT	B-Device
,	O
LTPS	O
,	O
IGZO	B-Algorithm
,	O
LTPO	O
,	O
etc	O
.	O
)	O
</s>
