<s>
This	O
is	O
a	O
list	O
of	O
notable	O
custom	B-Application
software	I-Application
projects	O
which	O
have	O
significantly	O
failed	O
to	O
achieve	O
some	O
or	O
all	O
of	O
their	O
objectives	O
,	O
either	O
temporarily	O
or	O
permanently	O
,	O
and/or	O
have	O
suffered	O
from	O
significant	O
cost	O
overruns	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
For	O
a	O
list	O
of	O
successful	O
major	O
custom	B-Application
software	I-Application
projects	O
,	O
see	O
Custom	B-Application
software	I-Application
#Major	O
project	O
successes	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Because	O
software	O
,	O
unlike	O
a	O
major	O
civil	O
engineering	O
construction	O
project	O
,	O
is	O
often	O
easy	O
and	O
cheap	O
to	O
change	O
after	O
it	O
has	O
been	O
constructed	O
,	O
a	O
piece	O
of	O
custom	B-Application
software	I-Application
that	O
fails	O
to	O
deliver	O
on	O
its	O
objectives	O
may	O
sometimes	O
be	O
modified	O
over	O
time	O
in	O
such	O
a	O
way	O
that	O
it	O
later	O
succeeds	O
—	O
and/or	O
business	O
processes	O
or	O
end-user	O
mindsets	O
may	O
change	O
to	O
accommodate	O
the	O
software	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Started	O
Terminated	O
System	O
name	O
Type	O
of	O
system	O
Country	O
or	O
region	O
Type	O
of	O
purchaserProblemsCost	O
(	O
expected	O
)	O
Outsourced	B-Architecture
or	O
in-house	B-Architecture
?	O
Outcome	O
1980s	O
1993	O
TAURUS	B-Application
Electronic	O
trading	O
platform	O
(	O
London	O
)	O
Stock	O
exchange	O
Scope	O
creep	O
,	O
cost	O
overrun	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Cancelled	O
1982	O
1994	O
FAA	O
Advanced	O
Automation	O
System	O
Air	B-Application
Traffic	I-Application
Control	I-Application
Federal	O
Aviation	O
Administration	O
Cost	O
overruns	O
,	O
underestimation	O
of	O
ATC	O
complexity	O
,	O
delays	O
,	O
non-incremental	O
change	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Scrapped	O
1984	O
1990	O
RISP	O
Integrated	O
computer	B-Architecture
services	I-Architecture
(	O
Wessex	O
)	O
Wessex	O
Health	O
Authority	O
Scope	O
creep	O
,	O
cost	O
overrun	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
approx	O
NZD$110m	O
Outsourced	B-Architecture
to	O
IBM	O
NZ	O
Cancelled	O
,	O
then	O
hardware	O
partially	O
reused	O
1997	O
2000	O
Bolit	O
Customer	O
service	O
,	O
finance	O
and	O
administration	O
system	O
Patent	O
and	O
Registration	O
Office	O
Too	O
complicated	O
,	O
bad	O
functioning	O
,	O
cost	O
overrun	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
SEK	O
300m	O
( $35m	O
)	O
Outsourced	B-Architecture
Scrapped	O
1999	O
2006	O
CSIO	O
Portal	O
Common	O
technological	O
platform	O
for	O
brokers	O
and	O
insurers	O
to	O
improve	O
workflow	O
efficiency	O
Centre	O
for	O
Study	O
of	O
Insurance	O
Operations	O
Low	O
user	O
adoption	O
,	O
conflict	O
between	O
insurers	O
,	O
new	O
technology	O
,	O
lack	O
of	O
funding	O
~	O
$15	O
million	O
CAD	O
Outsourced	B-Architecture
to	O
IBM	O
Abandoned	O
2000	O
2009	O
Customer	O
Account	O
Data	O
Engine	O
System	O
for	O
handling	O
tax	O
records	O
and	O
processing	O
tax	O
returns	O
,	O
replacement	O
for	O
the	O
Individual	O
Master	O
File	O
and	O
others	O
Internal	O
Revenue	O
Service	O
Low	O
user	O
adoption	O
,	O
performance	O
issues	O
,	O
scope	O
creep	O
,	O
never	O
replaced	O
IMF	O
and	O
other	O
mainframe	O
software	O
,	O
some	O
dating	O
back	O
to	O
the	O
Kennedy	O
Administration	O
~	O
$500	O
million	O
USD	O
Outsourced	B-Architecture
to	O
IBM	O
,	O
Northrop	O
Grumman	O
and	O
others	O
Abandoned	O
,	O
intended	O
to	O
be	O
replaced	O
by	O
CADE	O
2	O
2002	O
2011	O
NHS	B-Application
Connecting	I-Application
for	I-Application
Health	I-Application
Electronic	B-Application
care	I-Application
records	I-Application
Central	O
government	O
Beset	O
by	O
delays	O
and	O
ballooning	O
costs	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
software	O
part	O
of	O
it	O
was	O
never	O
finished	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
NPfIT	B-Application
was	O
described	O
by	O
Members	O
of	O
Parliament	O
as	O
one	O
of	O
the	O
"	O
worst	O
and	O
most	O
expensive	O
contracting	O
fiascos	O
"	O
ever	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
£12bn	O
(	O
£2.3	O
bn	O
)	O
Outsourced	B-Architecture
Discontinued	O
,	O
but	O
some	O
parts	O
continued	O
2005	O
2012	O
Expeditionary	O
Combat	O
Support	O
System	O
Military	O
Enterprise	O
Resource	O
Planning	O
Air	O
force	O
No	O
significant	O
capabilities	O
ready	O
on	O
time	O
;	O
would	O
have	O
cost	O
$1.1	O
bn	O
more	O
just	O
to	O
get	O
to	O
1/4	O
of	O
the	O
original	O
scope	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
$1.1	O
bn	O
Outsourced	B-Architecture
–	O
including	O
requirements	O
Cancelled	O
2007	O
2012	O
:da:Polsag	O
Police	O
case	O
management	O
Police	O
Did	O
not	O
work	O
properly	O
,	O
technical	O
problems	O
with	O
contractor	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
DKK	O
500m	O
( $70m	O
)	O
Outsourced	B-Architecture
Cancelled	O
2007	O
2014	O
e-Borders	O
Advanced	O
passenger	O
information	O
programme	O
UK	O
Border	O
Agency	O
A	O
series	O
of	O
delays	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
over	O
£412m	O
( £742m	O
)	O
Outsourced	B-Architecture
Cancelled	O
2007	O
2010	O
Försäkringskassan	O
SAP	O
Dental	O
health	O
service	O
system	O
Social	O
Insurance	O
Agency	O
Not	O
fit	O
for	O
purpose	O
,	O
multiple	O
delays	O
,	O
cost	O
overrun	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
SEK	O
10bn	O
(	O
$1.18	O
bn	O
)	O
Outsourced	B-Architecture
,	O
then	O
insourced	O
Cancelled	O
2008	O
2013	O
Digital	B-Device
Media	I-Device
Initiative	I-Device
Digital	O
production	O
,	O
media	O
asset	O
management	O
State	O
broadcaster	O
By	O
2013	O
,	O
the	O
project	O
was	O
judged	O
to	O
be	O
obsolete	O
(	O
as	O
much	O
cheaper	O
commercial	O
off	O
the	O
shelf	O
alternatives	O
by	O
then	O
existed	O
)	O
and	O
was	O
scrapped	O
by	O
BBC	O
management	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
more	O
than	O
£98m	O
(	O
£81.7	O
m	O
)	O
Outsourced	B-Architecture
,	O
then	O
insourced	O
,	O
then	O
outsourced	B-Architecture
againCancelled	O
2009	O
2013	O
The	O
Surrey	O
Integrated	O
Reporting	O
Enterprise	O
Network	O
(	O
SIREN	O
)	O
Crime	O
&	O
criminal	O
intelligence	O
logging	O
system	O
(	O
Surrey	O
)	O
Police	O
Force	O
Not	O
fit	O
for	O
purpose	O
£14.8	O
m	O
Outsourced	B-Architecture
Scrapped	O
2011	O
2014	O
Pust	O
Siebel	O
Police	O
case	O
management	O
Police	O
Poor	O
functioning	O
,	O
inefficient	O
in	O
work	O
environments	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
SEK	O
300m	O
( $35m	O
)	O
Outsourced	B-Architecture
Scrapped	O
2012	O
2014	O
Cover	O
Oregon	O
Healthcare	O
exchange	O
website	O
State	O
government	O
Site	O
was	O
never	O
able	O
to	O
accept	O
online	O
enrollments	O
,	O
so	O
users	O
were	O
instructed	O
to	O
mail	O
in	O
paper	O
enrollments	O
instead	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
StartedSystem	O
nameType	O
of	O
systemCountry	O
or	O
regionType	O
of	O
purchaserProblemsCost	O
(	O
expected	O
)	O
Outsourced	B-Architecture
or	O
in-house	B-Architecture
?	O
1992LASCADComputer-aided	O
dispatch	O
for	O
emergency	O
ambulances	O
(	O
London	O
)	O
Central	O
governmentAmbulance	O
delays	O
and	O
other	O
problems	O
were	O
caused	O
by	O
the	O
introduction	O
of	O
the	O
system	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
the	O
next	O
audit	O
in	O
2016	O
,	O
the	O
Auditor	O
General	O
of	O
Ontario	O
noted	O
that	O
14	O
years	O
after	O
Smart	O
Systems	O
for	O
Health	O
was	O
started	O
,	O
not	O
all	O
of	O
the	O
eHealth	O
projects	O
were	O
complete	O
,	O
and	O
it	O
was	O
impossible	O
to	O
even	O
determine	O
if	O
they	O
were	O
overbudget	O
because	O
the	O
government	O
had	O
never	O
originally	O
put	O
a	O
budget	O
on	O
them.Can	O
$8bn	O
(	O
unknown	O
)	O
In-house	B-Architecture
,	O
but	O
with	O
heavy	O
use	O
of	O
consultants2013HealthCare.govHealthcare	O
exchange	O
websiteFederal	O
governmentBy	O
some	O
estimates	O
,	O
only	O
1%	O
of	O
people	O
managed	O
to	O
successfully	O
enroll	O
with	O
the	O
site	O
in	O
its	O
first	O
week	O
of	O
operation	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Started	O
System	O
name	O
Type	O
of	O
system	O
Country	O
or	O
region	O
Type	O
of	O
purchaserProblemsCost	O
(	O
expected	O
)	O
Outsourced	B-Architecture
or	O
in-house	B-Architecture
?	O
</s>
<s>
$9.4	O
million	O
+	O
$28	O
million	O
(	O
ongoing	O
)	O
Outsourced	B-Architecture
platform	O
and	O
proprietary	O
software	O
2007	O
PRIO	O
Logistic	O
and	O
financial	O
system	O
Armed	O
Forces	O
Parts	O
of	O
the	O
system	O
was	O
put	O
into	O
use	O
in	O
2009	O
,	O
with	O
reports	O
of	O
big	O
usability	O
issues	O
following	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
SEK	O
4bn	O
( $470m	O
)	O
(	O
ongoing	O
)	O
Technical	O
aspects	O
outsourced	B-Architecture
2013	O
Universal	O
Credit	O
Welfare	O
payments	O
system	O
consolidation	O
Central	O
government	O
The	O
schedule	O
has	O
slipped	O
,	O
with	O
the	O
final	O
delivery	O
date	O
now	O
expected	O
to	O
be	O
2021	O
,	O
although	O
the	O
system	O
is	O
gradually	O
being	O
introduced	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
£12.8	O
bn	O
(	O
estimated	O
)	O
(	O
£2.2	O
bn	O
)	O
Outsourced	B-Architecture
2010	O
Standard	O
Business	O
Reporting	O
(	O
Australian	O
Taxation	O
Office	O
)	O
Electronic	O
Reporting	O
to	O
Government	O
Statutory	O
authority	O
6	O
years	O
after	O
program	O
started	O
in	O
2010	O
,	O
approximately	O
$800m	O
to	O
$1bn	O
has	O
been	O
spent	O
in	O
total	O
.	O
</s>
