<s>
This	O
list	O
gives	O
general	O
descriptions	O
of	O
QWERTY	O
keyboard	O
variants	O
along	O
with	O
details	O
specific	O
to	O
certain	O
operating	O
systems	O
,	O
with	O
emphasis	O
on	O
Microsoft	B-Application
Windows	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
is	O
very	O
similar	O
to	O
that	O
of	O
the	O
United	O
States	O
,	O
but	O
has	O
an	O
AltGr	B-Device
key	I-Device
and	O
a	O
larger	O
Enter	B-Device
key	I-Device
,	O
includes	O
£	O
and	O
€	O
signs	O
and	O
some	O
rarely	O
used	O
EBCDIC	B-Language
symbols	O
( ¬	O
,	O
¦	O
)	O
,	O
and	O
uses	O
different	O
positions	O
for	O
the	O
characters	O
@	O
,	O
"	O
,	O
#	O
,	O
~	O
,	O
\,	O
and	O
|	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
BS	O
4822:1994	O
standard	O
did	O
not	O
make	O
any	O
use	O
of	O
the	O
AltGr	B-Device
key	I-Device
and	O
lacked	O
support	O
for	O
any	O
non-ASCII	O
characters	O
other	O
than	O
¬	O
and	O
£	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
also	O
assigned	O
a	O
key	O
for	O
the	O
non-ASCII	O
character	O
broken	O
bar	O
( ¦	O
)	O
,	O
but	O
lacks	O
one	O
for	O
the	O
far	O
more	O
commonly	O
used	O
ASCII	B-Protocol
character	I-Protocol
vertical	O
bar	O
( |	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Windows	B-Application
UK/Ireland	O
keyboard	O
layout	O
and	O
Linux/X11	B-Application
UK/Ireland	O
keyboard	O
layout	O
)	O
,	O
rather	O
than	O
the	O
broken	O
bar	O
( ¦	O
)	O
assigned	O
by	O
BS	O
4822	O
and	O
provided	O
in	O
some	O
systems	O
(	O
e.g.	O
</s>
<s>
Support	O
for	O
the	O
diacritics	O
needed	O
for	O
Scots	O
Gaelic	O
and	O
Welsh	O
was	O
added	O
to	O
Windows	B-Application
and	O
ChromeOS	B-Operating_System
using	O
a	O
"	O
UK-extended	O
"	O
setting	O
(	O
see	O
below	O
)	O
;	O
Linux	B-Application
and	O
X-Windows	B-Operating_System
systems	O
have	O
an	O
explicit	O
or	O
redesignated	O
compose	B-Device
key	I-Device
for	O
this	O
purpose	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
British	O
version	O
of	O
the	O
Apple	B-Device
Keyboard	I-Device
does	O
not	O
use	O
the	O
standard	O
UK	O
layout	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
uses	O
an	O
elongated	O
return	B-Device
key	I-Device
,	O
a	O
shortened	O
left	O
with	O
and	O
in	O
the	O
newly	O
created	O
position	O
,	O
and	O
in	O
the	O
upper	O
left	O
of	O
the	O
keyboard	O
are	O
and	O
instead	O
of	O
the	O
traditional	O
EBCDIC	B-Language
codes	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
arrangement	O
of	O
the	O
character	O
input	O
keys	O
and	O
the	O
Shift	B-Device
keys	I-Device
contained	O
in	O
this	O
layout	O
is	O
specified	O
in	O
the	O
US	O
national	O
standard	O
ANSI-INCITS	O
154-1988	O
(	O
R1999	O
)	O
(	O
formerly	O
ANSI	O
X3.154-1988	O
(	O
R1999	O
)	O
)	O
,	O
where	O
this	O
layout	O
is	O
called	O
"	O
ASCII	B-Protocol
keyboard	O
"	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Until	O
Windows	B-Application
8	I-Application
and	O
later	O
versions	O
,	O
when	O
Microsoft	O
separated	O
the	O
settings	O
,	O
this	O
had	O
the	O
undesirable	O
side	O
effect	O
of	O
also	O
setting	O
the	O
language	O
to	O
US	O
English	O
,	O
rather	O
than	O
the	O
local	O
orthography	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
US	O
keyboard	O
layout	O
has	O
a	O
second	O
Alt	B-Device
key	I-Device
instead	O
of	O
the	O
AltGr	B-Device
key	I-Device
and	O
does	O
not	O
use	O
any	O
dead	B-Device
keys	I-Device
;	O
this	O
makes	O
it	O
inefficient	O
for	O
all	O
but	O
a	O
handful	O
of	O
languages	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
On	O
some	O
keyboards	O
the	O
enter	B-Device
key	I-Device
is	O
bigger	O
than	O
traditionally	O
and	O
takes	O
up	O
also	O
a	O
part	O
of	O
the	O
line	O
above	O
,	O
more	O
or	O
less	O
the	O
area	O
of	O
the	O
traditional	O
location	O
of	O
the	O
backslash	O
key	O
(	O
\	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Sometimes	O
it	O
is	O
placed	O
one	O
line	O
below	O
its	O
traditional	O
situation	O
,	O
on	O
the	O
right	O
of	O
the	O
apostrophe	B-Language
key	O
( 	O
 '	O
)	O
(	O
in	O
these	O
cases	O
the	O
enter	B-Device
key	I-Device
is	O
narrower	O
than	O
usual	O
on	O
the	O
line	O
of	O
its	O
default	O
location	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
may	O
also	O
be	O
two	O
lines	O
below	O
its	O
default	O
situation	O
on	O
the	O
right	O
of	O
a	O
narrower	O
than	O
traditionally	O
right	B-Device
shift	I-Device
key	I-Device
.	O
</s>
<s>
Therefore	O
,	O
Czech	O
typewriters	O
have	O
the	O
QWERTZ	B-Language
layout	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
Czech	O
QWERTY	O
layout	O
differs	O
from	O
QWERTZ	B-Language
in	O
that	O
the	O
characters	O
(	O
e.g.	O
</s>
<s>
@$&	O
and	O
others	O
)	O
missing	O
from	O
the	O
Czech	O
keyboard	O
are	O
accessible	O
with	O
AltGr	B-Device
on	O
the	O
same	O
keys	O
where	O
they	O
are	O
located	O
on	O
an	O
American	O
keyboard	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
Czech	O
QWERTZ	B-Language
keyboards	O
the	O
positions	O
of	O
these	O
characters	O
accessed	O
through	O
AltGr	B-Device
differs	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Computers	O
with	O
Windows	B-Application
are	O
commonly	O
sold	O
with	O
ÖØÆ	O
and	O
ÄÆØ	O
printed	O
on	O
the	O
two	O
keys	O
,	O
allowing	O
same	O
computer	O
hardware	O
to	O
be	O
sold	O
in	O
Denmark	O
,	O
Finland	O
,	O
Norway	O
and	O
Sweden	O
,	O
with	O
different	O
operating	O
system	O
settings	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Some	O
special	O
symbols	O
and	O
dead	B-Device
keys	I-Device
are	O
also	O
moved	O
around	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
is	O
the	O
most	O
common	O
layout	O
for	O
laptops	B-Device
and	O
stand-alone	O
keyboards	O
aimed	O
at	O
the	O
Francophone	O
market	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
right	B-Device
Alt	I-Device
key	I-Device
is	O
reconfigured	O
as	O
an	O
AltGr	B-Device
key	I-Device
that	O
gives	O
easy	O
access	O
to	O
a	O
further	O
range	O
of	O
characters	O
(	O
marked	O
in	O
blue	O
and	O
red	O
on	O
the	O
keyboard	O
image	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Red	O
indicates	O
a	O
dead	B-Device
key	I-Device
:	O
the	O
diacritic	O
will	O
be	O
applied	O
to	O
the	O
next	O
vowel	O
typed	O
.	O
)	O
</s>
<s>
A	O
dvorak	O
version	O
(	O
traditional	O
Canadian	O
french	O
layout	O
)	O
is	O
also	O
supported	O
by	O
Microsoft®	O
Windows®	B-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
This	O
layout	O
has	O
been	O
developed	O
by	O
manufacturers	O
as	O
a	O
cost	O
saving	O
strategy	O
first	O
for	O
their	O
low	O
end	O
laptops	B-Device
.	O
</s>
<s>
They	O
tend	O
to	O
be	O
extended	O
to	O
the	O
mid-range	O
laptops	B-Device
in	O
the	O
recent	O
years	O
and	O
sold	O
wrongly	O
as	O
a	O
"	O
French	O
"	O
keyboard	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
anglophones	O
accustomed	O
to	O
the	O
ANSI	O
keyboard	O
complain	O
about	O
the	O
small	O
ISO	O
shift	B-Device
on	O
left	O
and	O
francophones	O
can	O
find	O
these	O
legends	O
hard	O
to	O
read	O
and	O
messy	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
This	O
layout	O
is	O
known	O
as	O
Canadian	O
French	O
(	O
Legacy	O
)	O
today	O
on	O
Windows	B-Application
and	O
is	O
considered	O
to	O
be	O
the	O
ancestor	O
to	O
the	O
actual	O
Canadian	O
Multilingual	O
Standard	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
CMS	O
on	O
Windows®	B-Application
and	O
Linux	B-Application
is	O
based	O
on	O
the	O
CAN/CSA	O
Z243.200-92	O
standard	O
(	O
launched	O
in	O
1992	O
by	O
the	O
CSA	O
Group	O
,	O
revised	O
in	O
2021	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
Ù	O
on	O
the	O
extra	O
key	O
can	O
be	O
replaced	O
by	O
a	O
combinaison	O
of	O
+	O
(	O
dead	B-Device
key	I-Device
left	O
from	O
)	O
then	O
or	O
+	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Use	O
of	O
the	O
"	O
AltGr	B-Device
"	O
key	O
may	O
produce	O
the	O
characters	O
shown	O
in	O
blue	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Germany	O
,	O
Austria	O
,	O
Switzerland	B-Protocol
,	O
Liechtenstein	O
,	O
and	O
Luxembourg	O
use	O
QWERTZ	B-Language
layouts	O
,	O
where	O
the	O
letter	O
Z	O
is	O
to	O
the	O
right	O
of	O
T	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
letters	O
Á/á	O
,	O
Ý/ý	O
,	O
Ú/ú	O
,	O
Í/í	O
,	O
Ó/ó	O
and	O
É/é	O
are	O
produced	O
by	O
first	O
pressing	O
the	O
dead	B-Device
key	I-Device
and	O
then	O
the	O
corresponding	O
letter	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Windows	B-Application
includes	O
an	O
Irish	O
layout	O
which	O
supports	O
acute	O
accents	O
with	O
for	O
the	O
Irish	O
language	O
and	O
grave	O
accents	O
with	O
the	O
dead	B-Device
key	I-Device
for	O
Scottish	O
Gaelic	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Braces	O
(	O
right	O
above	O
square	O
brackets	O
and	O
shown	O
in	O
purple	O
)	O
are	O
given	O
with	O
both	O
AltGr	B-Device
and	O
Shift	B-Device
pressed	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
tilde	O
(	O
~	O
)	O
and	O
backquote	O
( `	O
)	O
characters	O
are	O
not	O
present	O
on	O
the	O
Italian	O
keyboard	O
layout	O
(	O
with	O
Linux	B-Application
,	O
they	O
are	O
available	O
by	O
pressing	O
++	O
,	O
and	O
++	O
;	O
Windows	B-Application
might	O
not	O
recognise	O
these	O
keybindings	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
When	O
using	O
Microsoft	B-Application
Windows	I-Application
,	O
the	O
standard	O
Italian	O
keyboard	O
layout	O
does	O
not	O
allow	O
one	O
to	O
write	O
100%	O
correct	O
Italian	O
language	O
,	O
since	O
it	O
lacks	O
capital	O
accented	O
vowels	O
,	O
and	O
in	O
particular	O
the	O
È	O
key	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
common	O
workaround	O
is	O
writing	O
E	O
 '	O
(	O
E	O
followed	O
by	O
an	O
apostrophe	B-Language
)	O
instead	O
,	O
or	O
relying	O
on	O
the	O
auto-correction	O
feature	O
of	O
several	O
word	B-General_Concept
processors	I-General_Concept
when	O
available	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
is	O
possible	O
to	O
obtain	O
the	O
È	O
symbol	O
in	O
MS	B-Application
Windows	I-Application
by	O
typing	O
+	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Linux	B-Application
users	O
can	O
also	O
write	O
it	O
by	O
pressing	O
the	O
key	O
with	O
enabled	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
Italian-speaking	O
part	O
of	O
Switzerland	B-Protocol
uses	O
the	O
QWERTZ	B-Language
keyboard	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
Latvian	O
QWERTY	O
keyboard	O
layout	O
is	O
most	O
commonly	O
used	O
;	O
its	O
layout	O
is	O
the	O
same	O
as	O
the	O
United	O
States	O
one	O
,	O
but	O
with	O
a	O
dead	B-Device
key	I-Device
,	O
which	O
allows	O
entering	O
special	O
characters	O
( āčēģīķļņōŗšūž	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
most	O
common	O
dead	B-Device
key	I-Device
is	O
the	O
apostrophe	B-Language
( 	O
 '	O
)	O
,	O
which	O
is	O
followed	O
by	O
Alt+Gr	O
(	O
Windows	B-Application
default	O
for	O
Latvian	O
layout	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
On	O
Macintosh	B-Device
computers	O
,	O
the	O
Norwegian	O
and	O
Norwegian	O
extended	O
keyboard	O
layouts	O
have	O
a	O
slightly	O
different	O
placement	O
for	O
some	O
of	O
the	O
symbols	O
obtained	O
with	O
the	O
help	O
of	O
the	O
or	O
keys	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Most	O
typewriters	O
use	O
a	O
QWERTZ	B-Language
keyboard	O
with	O
Polish	O
letters	O
(	O
with	O
diacritical	O
marks	O
)	O
accessed	O
directly	O
(	O
officially	O
approved	O
as	O
"	O
Typist	O
's	O
keyboard	O
"	O
,	O
,	O
Polish	O
Standard	O
PN-87	O
)	O
,	O
which	O
is	O
mainly	O
ignored	O
in	O
Poland	O
as	O
impractical	O
(	O
custom-made	O
keyboards	O
,	O
e.g.	O
,	O
those	O
in	O
the	O
public	O
sector	O
as	O
well	O
as	O
some	O
Apple	O
computers	O
,	O
present	O
an	O
exception	O
to	O
this	O
paradigm	O
)	O
;	O
the	O
"	O
Polish	O
programmer	O
's	O
"	O
(	O
)	O
layout	O
has	O
become	O
the	O
de	O
facto	O
standard	O
,	O
used	O
on	O
virtually	O
all	O
computers	O
sold	O
on	O
the	O
Polish	O
market	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Polish	O
diacritics	O
are	O
accessed	O
by	O
using	O
the	O
AltGr	B-Device
key	I-Device
with	O
a	O
corresponding	O
similar	O
letter	O
from	O
the	O
base	O
Latin	O
alphabet	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Normal	O
capitalization	O
rules	O
apply	O
with	O
respect	O
to	O
Shift	B-Device
and	O
Caps	B-Device
Lock	I-Device
keys	I-Device
.	O
</s>
<s>
For	O
example	O
,	O
to	O
enter	O
"	O
Ź	O
"	O
,	O
one	O
can	O
type	O
Shift+AltGr+X	O
with	O
Caps	B-Device
Lock	I-Device
off	O
,	O
or	O
turn	O
on	O
Caps	B-Device
Lock	I-Device
and	O
type	O
AltGr+X	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
ANSI	O
is	O
often	O
preferred	O
,	O
as	O
the	O
additional	O
key	O
provides	O
no	O
additional	O
function	O
,	O
at	O
least	O
in	O
Microsoft	B-Application
Windows	I-Application
where	O
it	O
duplicates	O
the	O
backslash	O
key	O
,	O
while	O
taking	O
space	O
from	O
the	O
Shift	B-Device
key	I-Device
.	O
</s>
<s>
Many	O
keyboards	O
do	O
not	O
label	O
AltGr	B-Device
as	O
such	O
,	O
leaving	O
the	O
Alt	B-Device
marking	O
as	O
in	O
the	O
US	O
layout	O
-	O
the	O
right	B-Device
Alt	I-Device
key	I-Device
nevertheless	O
functions	O
as	O
AltGr	B-Device
in	O
this	O
layout	O
,	O
causing	O
possible	O
confusion	O
when	O
keyboard	O
shortcuts	O
with	O
the	O
Alt	B-Device
key	I-Device
are	O
required	O
(	O
these	O
usually	O
work	O
only	O
with	O
the	O
left	B-Device
Alt	I-Device
)	O
and	O
causing	O
the	O
key	O
to	O
be	O
commonly	O
referred	O
to	O
as	O
right	B-Device
Alt	I-Device
(	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
However	O
,	O
keyboards	O
with	O
AltGr	B-Device
marking	O
are	O
available	O
and	O
it	O
is	O
also	O
officially	O
used	O
by	O
Microsoft	O
when	O
depicting	O
the	O
layout	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Also	O
,	O
on	O
MS	B-Application
Windows	I-Application
,	O
the	O
tilde	O
character	O
"	O
~	O
"	O
(	O
Shift+`	O
)	O
acts	O
as	O
a	O
dead	B-Device
key	I-Device
to	O
type	O
Polish	O
letters	O
(	O
with	O
diacritical	O
marks	O
)	O
thus	O
,	O
to	O
obtain	O
an	O
"	O
Ł	O
"	O
,	O
one	O
may	O
press	O
Shift+`	O
followed	O
by	O
L	O
.	O
The	O
tilde	O
character	O
is	O
obtained	O
with	O
(	O
Shift+`	O
)	O
then	O
space	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
Linux-based	O
systems	O
,	O
the	O
euro	O
symbol	O
is	O
typically	O
mapped	O
to	O
Alt+5	O
instead	O
of	O
Alt+U	O
,	O
the	O
tilde	O
acts	O
as	O
a	O
normal	O
key	O
,	O
and	O
several	O
accented	O
letters	O
from	O
other	O
European	O
languages	O
are	O
accessible	O
through	O
combinations	O
with	O
left	B-Device
Alt	I-Device
.	O
</s>
<s>
Polish	O
letters	O
are	O
also	O
accessible	O
by	O
using	O
the	O
compose	B-Device
key	I-Device
.	O
</s>
<s>
However	O
,	O
modern	O
predictive	B-General_Concept
text	I-General_Concept
and	O
autocorrection	B-Protocol
algorithms	O
largely	O
mitigate	O
the	O
need	O
to	O
type	O
them	O
directly	O
on	O
such	O
devices	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Essentially	O
,	O
the	O
Brazilian	O
keyboard	O
contains	O
dead	B-Device
keys	I-Device
for	O
five	O
variants	O
of	O
diacritics	O
in	O
use	O
in	O
the	O
language	O
;	O
the	O
letter	O
Ç	O
,	O
the	O
only	O
application	O
of	O
the	O
cedilla	O
in	O
Portuguese	O
,	O
has	O
its	O
own	O
key	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Variant	O
2	O
of	O
the	O
Brazilian	O
keyboard	O
,	O
the	O
only	O
which	O
gained	O
general	O
acceptance	O
(	O
MS	B-Application
Windows	I-Application
treats	O
both	O
variants	O
as	O
the	O
same	O
layout	O
)	O
,	O
has	O
a	O
unique	O
mechanical	O
layout	O
,	O
combining	O
some	O
features	O
of	O
the	O
ISO	O
9995-3	O
and	O
the	O
JIS	O
keyboards	O
in	O
order	O
to	O
fit	O
12	O
keys	O
between	O
the	O
left	O
and	O
right	O
Shift	B-Device
(	O
compared	O
to	O
the	O
American	O
standard	O
of	O
10	O
and	O
the	O
international	O
of	O
11	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Its	O
modern	O
,	O
IBM	B-Device
PS/2	I-Device
-based	O
variations	O
,	O
are	O
thus	O
known	O
as	O
107-keys	O
keyboards	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
original	O
PS/2	B-Device
variation	O
was	O
104-key	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Essentially	O
,	O
the	O
Portuguese	O
keyboard	O
contains	O
dead	B-Device
keys	I-Device
for	O
five	O
variants	O
of	O
diacritics	O
;	O
the	O
letter	O
Ç	O
,	O
the	O
only	O
application	O
of	O
the	O
cedilla	O
in	O
Portuguese	O
,	O
has	O
its	O
own	O
key	O
,	O
but	O
there	O
are	O
also	O
a	O
dedicated	O
key	O
for	O
the	O
ordinal	O
indicators	O
and	O
a	O
dedicated	O
key	O
for	O
quotation	O
marks	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
"	O
secondary	O
"	O
arrangement	O
is	O
used	O
as	O
the	O
default	O
Romanian	O
layout	O
by	O
Linux	B-Application
distributions	O
,	O
as	O
defined	O
in	O
the	O
"	O
X	B-Operating_System
Keyboard	O
Configuration	O
Database	O
"	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
There	O
are	O
four	O
Romanian-specific	O
characters	O
that	O
are	O
incorrectly	O
implemented	O
in	O
versions	O
of	O
Microsoft	B-Application
Windows	I-Application
until	O
Vista	O
came	O
out	O
:	O
</s>
<s>
Since	O
Romanian	O
hardware	O
keyboards	O
are	O
not	O
widely	O
available	O
,	O
Cristian	O
Secară	O
has	O
created	O
a	O
driver	O
that	O
allows	O
Romanian	O
characters	O
to	O
be	O
generated	O
with	O
a	O
US-style	O
keyboard	O
in	O
all	O
versions	O
of	O
Windows	B-Application
prior	O
to	O
Vista	O
through	O
the	O
use	O
of	O
the	O
AltGr	B-Device
key	I-Device
modifier	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Windows	B-Application
Vista	O
and	O
newer	O
versions	O
include	O
the	O
correct	O
diacritical	O
signs	O
in	O
the	O
default	O
Romanian	O
Keyboard	O
layout	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
Slovakia	O
,	O
similarly	O
to	O
the	O
Czech	O
Republic	O
,	O
both	O
QWERTZ	B-Language
and	O
QWERTY	O
keyboard	O
layouts	O
are	O
used	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
QWERTZ	B-Language
is	O
the	O
default	O
keyboard	O
layout	O
for	O
Slovak	O
in	O
Microsoft	B-Application
Windows	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
includes	O
Ñ	O
for	O
Spanish	O
,	O
Asturian	O
and	O
Galician	O
,	O
the	O
acute	O
accent	O
,	O
the	O
diaeresis	O
,	O
the	O
inverted	O
question	O
and	O
exclamation	O
marks	O
( ¿	O
,	O
¡	O
)	O
,	O
the	O
superscripted	O
o	O
and	O
a	O
( º	O
,	O
ª	O
)	O
for	O
writing	O
abbreviated	O
ordinal	O
numbers	O
in	O
masculine	O
and	O
feminine	O
in	O
Spanish	O
and	O
Galician	O
,	O
and	O
finally	O
,	O
some	O
characters	O
required	O
only	O
for	O
typing	O
Catalan	O
and	O
Occitan	O
,	O
namely	O
Ç	O
,	O
the	O
grave	O
accent	O
and	O
the	O
interpunct	O
(	O
/	O
,	O
used	O
in	O
l·l	O
,	O
n·h	O
,	O
s·h	O
;	O
located	O
at	O
Shift-3	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
can	O
also	O
be	O
used	O
to	O
write	O
other	O
international	O
characters	O
,	O
such	O
as	O
those	O
using	O
a	O
circumflex	O
accent	O
(	O
used	O
in	O
French	O
and	O
Portuguese	O
among	O
others	O
)	O
or	O
a	O
tilde	O
(	O
used	O
in	O
both	O
Spanish	O
and	O
Portuguese	O
)	O
,	O
which	O
are	O
available	O
as	O
dead	B-Device
keys	I-Device
.	O
</s>
<s>
However	O
,	O
it	O
lacks	O
two	O
characters	O
used	O
in	O
Asturian	O
:	O
Ḥ	O
and	O
Ḷ	O
(	O
historically	O
,	O
general	O
support	O
for	O
these	O
two	O
has	O
been	O
poor	O
–	O
they	O
are	O
not	O
present	O
in	O
the	O
ISO	O
8859-1	O
character	B-General_Concept
encoding	I-General_Concept
standard	O
,	O
or	O
any	O
other	O
ISO/IEC	O
8859	O
standard	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
On	O
most	O
keyboards	O
,	O
€	O
is	O
marked	O
as	O
Alt	B-Device
Gr	I-Device
+	O
E	O
and	O
not	O
Alt	B-Device
Gr	I-Device
+	O
5	O
as	O
shown	O
in	O
the	O
image	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Its	O
most	O
obvious	O
difference	O
from	O
the	O
Spanish	O
(	O
Spain	O
)	O
layout	O
is	O
the	O
lack	O
of	O
a	O
Ç	O
key	O
;	O
on	O
Microsoft	B-Application
Windows	I-Application
it	O
lacks	O
a	O
tilde	O
(	O
~	O
)	O
dead	B-Device
key	I-Device
,	O
whereas	O
on	O
Linux	B-Application
systems	O
the	O
dead	O
tilde	O
can	O
be	O
optionally	O
enabled	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Normally	O
"	O
Bloq	O
Mayús	O
"	O
is	O
used	O
instead	O
of	O
"	O
Caps	B-Device
Lock	I-Device
"	O
,	O
and	O
"	O
Intro	O
"	O
instead	O
of	O
"	O
Enter	O
"	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
On	O
Macintosh	B-Device
computers	O
,	O
the	O
Swedish	O
and	O
Swedish	O
Pro	O
keyboards	O
differ	O
somewhat	O
from	O
the	O
image	O
shown	O
above	O
,	O
especially	O
as	O
regards	O
the	O
characters	O
available	O
using	O
the	O
or	O
keys	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
On	O
Linux	B-Application
systems	O
,	O
the	O
Swedish	O
keyboard	O
may	O
also	O
give	O
access	O
to	O
additional	O
characters	O
as	O
follows	O
:	O
</s>
<s>
Several	O
of	O
these	O
characters	O
function	O
as	O
dead	B-Device
keys	I-Device
.	O
</s>
<s>
Mostly	O
this	O
is	O
done	O
by	O
adding	O
a	O
further	O
virtual	O
layer	O
in	O
addition	O
to	O
the	O
-key	O
by	O
means	O
of	O
(	O
or	O
'	B-Language
right	O
'	B-Language
reused	O
as	O
such	O
)	O
,	O
which	O
contains	O
a	O
further	O
repertoire	O
of	O
symbols	O
and	O
diacritics	O
used	O
by	O
the	O
desired	O
languages	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Alt-Gr	B-Device
key	O
is	O
used	O
to	O
type	O
a	O
character	O
on	O
the	O
level	O
3	O
and	O
the	O
Group	O
2	O
has	O
a	O
dedicated	O
key	O
instead	O
of	O
the	O
Right-Ctrl	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
From	O
Windows	B-Application
XP	I-Application
SP2	I-Application
onwards	O
,	O
Microsoft	O
has	O
included	O
a	O
variant	O
of	O
the	O
British	O
QWERTY	O
keyboard	O
(	O
the	O
"	O
United	O
Kingdom	O
Extended	O
"	O
keyboard	O
layout	O
)	O
that	O
can	O
additionally	O
generate	O
several	O
diacritical	O
marks	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
this	O
layout	O
,	O
the	O
grave	O
accent	O
key	O
(	O
)	O
becomes	O
,	O
as	O
it	O
also	O
does	O
in	O
the	O
US	O
International	O
layout	O
,	O
a	O
dead	B-Device
key	I-Device
modifying	O
the	O
character	O
generated	O
by	O
the	O
next	O
key	O
pressed	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
apostrophe	B-Language
,	O
double-quote	O
,	O
tilde	O
and	O
circumflex	O
(	O
caret	O
)	O
keys	O
are	O
not	O
changed	O
,	O
becoming	O
dead	B-Device
keys	I-Device
only	O
when	O
'	O
shifted	O
 '	O
with	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
extended	O
keyboard	O
is	O
software	O
installed	O
from	O
the	O
Windows	B-Application
control	O
panel	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
extended	O
characters	O
are	O
not	O
normally	O
engraved	O
on	O
keyboards	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
UK	O
Extended	O
keyboard	O
uses	O
mostly	O
the	O
AltGr	B-Device
key	I-Device
to	O
add	O
diacritics	O
to	O
the	O
letters	O
a	O
,	O
e	O
,	O
i	O
,	O
n	O
,	O
o	O
,	O
u	O
,	O
w	O
and	O
y	O
(	O
the	O
last	O
two	O
being	O
used	O
in	O
Welsh	O
)	O
as	O
appropriate	O
for	O
each	O
character	O
,	O
as	O
well	O
as	O
to	O
their	O
capitals	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
needed	O
for	O
Scots	O
Gaelic	O
are	O
generated	O
by	O
pressing	O
the	O
grave	O
accent	O
(	O
or	O
'	O
backtick	O
 '	O
)	O
key	O
,	O
which	O
is	O
a	O
dead	B-Device
key	I-Device
,	O
then	O
the	O
letter	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
á	O
)	O
needed	O
for	O
Irish	O
are	O
generated	O
by	O
pressing	O
the	O
key	O
together	O
with	O
the	O
letter	O
(	O
or	O
acting	O
as	O
a	O
dead	B-Device
key	I-Device
combination	O
followed	O
by	O
the	O
letter	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
the	O
circumflex	O
diacritic	O
needed	O
for	O
Welsh	O
may	O
be	O
added	O
by	O
,	O
acting	O
as	O
a	O
dead	B-Device
key	I-Device
combination	O
,	O
followed	O
by	O
the	O
letter	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
is	O
generated	O
by	O
a	O
dead	B-Device
key	I-Device
combination	O
,	O
then	O
the	O
letter	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
ã	O
,	O
ñ	O
,	O
õ	O
,	O
etc.	O
,	O
as	O
used	O
in	O
Spanish	O
and	O
Portuguese	O
)	O
is	O
generated	O
by	O
dead	B-Device
key	I-Device
combination	O
,	O
then	O
the	O
letter	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Despite	O
being	O
created	O
for	O
multilingual	O
users	O
,	O
UK-Extended	O
in	O
Windows	B-Application
does	O
have	O
some	O
gaps	O
—	O
there	O
are	O
many	O
languages	O
that	O
it	O
cannot	O
cope	O
with	O
,	O
including	O
Romanian	O
and	O
Turkish	O
,	O
and	O
all	O
languages	O
with	O
different	O
character	B-General_Concept
sets	I-General_Concept
,	O
such	O
as	O
Greek	O
and	O
Russian	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
UK	O
Extended	O
layout	O
in	O
ChromeOS	B-Operating_System
provides	O
all	O
the	O
same	O
combinations	O
as	O
with	O
Windows	B-Application
,	O
but	O
adds	O
many	O
more	O
symbols	O
and	O
dead	B-Device
keys	I-Device
via	O
AltGr	B-Device
.	O
</s>
<s>
¬	O
!	B-Device
</s>
<s>
1	O
"	O
2	O
£	O
3	O
$	O
4	O
%	O
5	O
^	O
6	O
&	O
7	O
*	O
8	O
(	O
9	O
)	O
0	O
}_	O
-	O
+	O
=	O
tabQ	O
q	O
W	O
w	O
E	O
e	O
R	O
r	O
T	O
t	O
Y	O
y	O
U	O
u	O
I	O
i	O
O	O
o	O
P	O
p	O
{	O
[	O
}	O
]	O
🔍A	O
a	O
S	O
s	O
D	O
d	O
F	O
f	O
G	O
g	O
H	O
h	O
J	O
j	O
K	O
k	O
L	O
l	O
:	O
;	O
@	O
'	B-Language
~	O
#	O
shift|	O
\	O
Z	O
z	O
X	B-Operating_System
x	B-Operating_System
C	O
c	O
V	O
v	O
B	O
b	O
N	O
n	O
M	O
m	O
< , >	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Notes	O
:	O
Dotted	O
circle	O
( ◌	O
)	O
is	O
used	O
here	O
to	O
indicate	O
a	O
dead	B-Device
key	I-Device
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
key	O
is	O
the	O
only	O
one	O
that	O
acts	O
as	O
a	O
free-standing	O
dead	B-Device
key	I-Device
and	O
thus	O
does	O
not	O
respond	O
as	O
shown	O
on	O
the	O
key-cap	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
All	O
others	O
are	O
invoked	O
by	O
AltGr	B-Device
.	O
</s>
<s>
Finally	O
,	O
any	O
arbitrary	O
Unicode	O
glyph	B-Application
can	O
be	O
produced	O
given	O
its	O
hexadecimal	O
code	O
point	O
:	O
,	O
release	O
,	O
then	O
the	O
hex	O
value	O
,	O
then	O
or	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
An	O
alternative	O
layout	O
uses	O
the	O
physical	O
US	O
keyboard	O
to	O
type	O
diacritics	O
in	O
some	O
operating	O
systems	O
(	O
including	O
Windows	B-Application
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
This	O
is	O
the	O
US-International	O
layout	O
setting	O
,	O
which	O
uses	O
the	O
right	O
key	O
as	O
an	O
key	O
to	O
support	O
many	O
additional	O
characters	O
directly	O
as	O
an	O
additional	O
shift	B-Device
key	I-Device
.	O
</s>
<s>
(	O
Since	O
many	O
smaller	O
keyboards	O
do	O
not	O
have	O
a	O
right	O
-	O
key	O
,	O
Windows	B-Application
also	O
allows	O
+	O
to	O
be	O
used	O
as	O
a	O
substitute	O
for	O
.	O
)	O
</s>
<s>
This	O
layout	O
also	O
uses	O
keys	O
,	O
,	O
,	O
and	O
as	O
dead	B-Device
keys	I-Device
to	O
generate	O
characters	O
with	O
diacritics	O
by	O
pressing	O
the	O
appropriate	O
key	O
,	O
then	O
the	O
letter	O
on	O
the	O
keyboard	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
international	O
keyboard	O
is	O
a	O
software	O
setting	O
installed	O
from	O
the	O
Windows	B-Application
control	O
panel	O
or	O
similar	O
;	O
the	O
additional	O
functions	O
(	O
shown	O
in	O
blue	O
)	O
may	O
or	O
may	O
not	O
be	O
engraved	O
on	O
the	O
keyboard	O
,	O
but	O
are	O
always	O
functional	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
To	O
generate	O
the	O
symbols	O
'	B-Language
,	O
`	O
,	O
"	O
,	O
^	O
and	O
~	O
,	O
when	O
the	O
following	O
character	O
is	O
capable	O
of	O
having	O
a	O
diacritic	O
,	O
press	O
the	O
after	O
the	O
key	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
US-International	O
layout	O
is	O
not	O
entirely	O
transparent	O
to	O
users	O
familiar	O
with	O
the	O
conventional	O
US	O
layout	O
;	O
when	O
using	O
a	O
machine	O
with	O
the	O
international	O
layout	O
setting	O
active	O
,	O
the	O
commonly	O
used	O
single	O
-	O
and	O
double-quote	O
keys	O
and	O
the	O
less	O
commonly	O
used	O
grave	O
accent	O
,	O
tilde	O
,	O
and	O
circumflex	O
(	O
caret	O
)	O
keys	O
are	O
dead	B-Device
keys	I-Device
and	O
thus	O
behave	O
unconventionally	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
There	O
are	O
also	O
alternative	O
US-International	O
mappings	O
,	O
whereby	O
modifier	O
keys	O
such	O
as	O
shift	B-Device
and	O
alt	B-Device
are	O
used	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
keys	O
for	O
the	O
characters	O
with	O
diacritics	O
are	O
in	O
different	O
places	O
from	O
their	O
unmodified	O
counterparts	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
For	O
example	O
,	O
the	O
right-Alt	O
key	O
may	O
be	O
remapped	O
as	O
an	O
AltGr	B-Device
modifier	O
key	O
or	O
as	O
a	O
compose	B-Device
key	I-Device
and	O
the	O
dead	B-Device
key	I-Device
function	O
deactivated	O
,	O
so	O
that	O
they	O
(	O
the	O
ASCII	B-Protocol
quotation	O
marks	O
and	O
circumflex	O
symbol	O
)	O
can	O
be	O
typed	O
normally	O
with	O
a	O
single	O
keystroke	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
There	O
are	O
three	O
kinds	O
of	O
Apple	B-Device
Keyboards	I-Device
for	O
English	O
:	O
the	O
United	O
States	O
,	O
the	O
United	O
Kingdom	O
and	O
International	O
English	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
As	O
of	O
2008	O
,	O
there	O
is	O
a	O
new	O
standard	O
for	O
the	O
Finnish	O
multilingual	O
keyboard	O
layout	O
,	O
developed	O
as	O
part	O
of	O
a	O
localization	B-General_Concept
project	O
by	O
CSC	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
All	O
the	O
engravings	O
of	O
the	O
traditional	O
Finnish	O
–	O
Swedish	O
visual	O
layout	O
have	O
been	O
retained	O
,	O
so	O
there	O
is	O
no	O
need	O
to	O
change	O
the	O
hardware	O
,	O
but	O
the	O
functionality	O
has	O
been	O
extended	O
considerably	O
,	O
as	O
additional	O
characters	O
(	O
e.g.	O
,	O
Æ/æ	O
,	O
Ə/ə	O
,	O
Ʒ/ʒ	O
)	O
are	O
available	O
through	O
the	O
key	O
,	O
as	O
well	O
as	O
dead	B-Device
keys	I-Device
,	O
which	O
allow	O
typing	O
a	O
wide	O
variety	O
of	O
letters	O
with	O
diacritics	O
(	O
e.g.	O
,	O
Ç/ç	O
,	O
Ǥ/ǥ	O
,	O
Ǯ/ǯ	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
First	O
,	O
it	O
provides	O
for	O
easy	O
entering	O
of	O
text	O
in	O
both	O
Finnish	O
and	O
Swedish	O
,	O
the	O
two	O
official	O
languages	O
of	O
Finland	O
,	O
using	O
the	O
familiar	O
keyboard	O
layout	O
but	O
adding	O
some	O
advanced	O
punctuation	O
options	O
,	O
such	O
as	O
dashes	B-Protocol
,	O
typographical	O
quotation	O
marks	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
non-breaking	O
space	O
(	O
NBSP	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Some	O
letters	O
,	O
like	O
Ł/ł	O
needed	O
for	O
Slavic	O
languages	O
,	O
are	O
accessed	O
by	O
a	O
special	O
"	O
overstrike	O
"	O
key	O
combination	O
acting	O
like	O
a	O
dead	B-Device
key	I-Device
.	O
</s>
<s>
These	O
additional	O
layers	O
allows	O
the	O
users	O
to	O
type	O
the	O
symbolism	O
of	O
many	O
European	O
languages	O
,	O
special	O
characters	O
,	O
the	O
Greek	O
alphabet	O
(	O
via	O
dead	B-Device
keys	I-Device
)	O
,	O
and	O
many	O
common	O
mathematical	O
symbols	O
.	O
</s>
