<s>
This	O
is	O
a	O
list	O
of	O
companies	O
,	O
organizations	O
and	O
individuals	O
who	O
have	O
moved	O
from	O
other	O
operating	B-General_Concept
systems	I-General_Concept
to	O
Linux	B-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
On	O
desktops	O
,	O
Linux	B-Application
has	O
not	O
displaced	O
Microsoft	B-Application
Windows	I-Application
to	O
a	O
large	O
degree	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
However	O
,	O
it	O
is	O
the	O
leading	O
operating	B-General_Concept
system	I-General_Concept
on	O
servers	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
As	O
local	O
governments	O
come	O
under	O
pressure	O
from	O
institutions	O
such	O
as	O
the	O
World	O
Trade	O
Organization	O
and	O
the	O
International	O
Intellectual	O
Property	O
Alliance	O
,	O
some	O
have	O
turned	O
to	O
Linux	B-Application
and	O
other	O
free	B-Application
software	I-Application
as	O
an	O
affordable	O
,	O
legal	O
alternative	O
to	O
both	O
pirated	O
software	O
and	O
expensive	O
proprietary	O
computer	O
products	O
from	O
Microsoft	O
,	O
Apple	O
and	O
other	O
commercial	O
companies	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
spread	O
of	O
Linux	B-Application
affords	O
some	O
leverage	O
for	O
these	O
countries	O
when	O
companies	O
from	O
the	O
developed	O
world	O
bid	O
for	O
government	O
contracts	O
(	O
since	O
a	O
low-cost	O
option	O
exists	O
)	O
,	O
while	O
furnishing	O
an	O
alternative	O
path	O
to	O
development	O
for	O
countries	O
like	O
India	O
and	O
Pakistan	O
that	O
have	O
many	O
citizens	O
skilled	O
in	O
computer	O
applications	O
but	O
cannot	O
afford	O
technological	O
investment	O
at	O
"	O
First	O
World	O
"	O
prices	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
cost	O
factor	O
is	O
not	O
the	O
only	O
one	O
being	O
considered	O
though	O
–	O
many	O
governmental	O
institutions	O
(	O
in	O
public	O
and	O
military	O
sectors	O
)	O
from	O
North	O
America	O
and	O
European	O
Union	O
make	O
the	O
transition	O
to	O
Linux	B-Application
due	O
to	O
its	O
superior	O
stability	O
and	O
openness	O
of	O
the	O
source	O
code	O
which	O
in	O
its	O
turn	O
leverages	O
information	O
security	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
South	O
African	O
Social	O
Security	O
Agency	O
(	O
SASSA	O
)	O
deployed	O
multi-station	O
Linux	B-Application
desktops	O
to	O
address	O
budget	O
and	O
infrastructure	O
constraints	O
in	O
50	O
rural	O
sites	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
First	O
National	O
Bank	O
switched	O
more	O
than	O
12,000	O
desktop	O
computers	O
to	O
Linux	B-Application
by	O
2007	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
People	O
's	O
Republic	O
of	O
China	O
exclusively	O
uses	O
Linux	B-Application
as	O
the	O
operating	B-General_Concept
system	I-General_Concept
for	O
its	O
Loongson	B-Language
processor	O
family	O
,	O
with	O
the	O
aim	O
of	O
technology	O
independence	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Kylin	B-Application
,	O
used	O
by	O
People	O
's	O
Liberation	O
Army	O
in	O
The	O
People	O
's	O
Republic	O
of	O
China	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
first	O
version	O
used	O
FreeBSD	B-Operating_System
,	O
but	O
since	O
release	O
3.0	O
,	O
it	O
employs	O
Linux	B-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
State	O
owned	O
Industrial	O
and	O
Commercial	O
Bank	O
of	O
China	O
(	O
ICBC	O
)	O
is	O
installing	O
Linux	B-Application
in	O
all	O
of	O
its	O
20,000	O
retail	O
branches	O
as	O
the	O
basis	O
for	O
its	O
web	O
server	B-Application
and	O
a	O
new	O
terminal	O
platform	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
North	O
Korea	O
uses	O
a	O
Linux	B-Application
distribution	I-Application
developed	O
by	O
the	O
Korea	O
Computer	O
Center	O
,	O
called	O
Red	O
Star	O
OS	O
,	O
on	O
their	O
computers	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Prior	O
to	O
its	O
release	O
in	O
2008	O
,	O
Red	O
Hat	O
Linux	B-Application
or	O
Windows	B-Application
XP	I-Application
were	O
used	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
2003	O
,	O
the	O
Turkish	O
government	O
decided	O
to	O
create	O
its	O
own	O
Linux	B-Application
distribution	I-Application
,	O
Pardus	B-Operating_System
,	O
developed	O
by	O
UEKAE	O
(	O
National	O
Research	O
Institute	O
of	O
Electronics	O
and	O
Cryptology	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
first	O
version	O
,	O
Pardus	B-Operating_System
1.0	O
,	O
was	O
officially	O
announced	O
on	O
27	O
December	O
2005	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Government	O
of	O
India	O
's	O
CDAC	O
developed	O
an	O
Indian	O
Linux	B-Application
distribution	I-Application
,	O
BOSS	B-Application
GNU/Linux	I-Application
(	O
Bharat	B-Application
Operating	I-Application
System	I-Application
Solutions	I-Application
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
Government	O
of	O
Kerala	O
,	O
India	O
,	O
announced	O
its	O
official	O
support	O
for	O
free/open	B-License
-source	I-License
software	I-License
in	O
its	O
State	O
IT	O
Policy	O
of	O
2001	O
,	O
which	O
was	O
formulated	O
after	O
the	O
first-ever	O
free	B-Application
software	I-Application
conference	O
in	O
India	O
,	O
"	O
Freedom	O
First	O
!	O
</s>
<s>
"	O
,	O
held	O
in	O
July	O
2001	O
in	O
Trivandrum	O
,	O
the	O
capital	O
of	O
Kerala	O
,	O
where	O
Richard	O
Stallman	O
inaugurated	O
the	O
Free	B-Application
Software	I-Application
Foundation	O
of	O
India	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Since	O
then	O
,	O
Kerala	O
's	O
IT	O
Policy	O
has	O
been	O
significantly	O
influenced	O
by	O
FOSS	B-License
,	O
with	O
several	O
major	O
initiatives	O
such	O
as	O
KITE	O
possibly	O
the	O
largest	O
single-purpose	O
deployment	O
of	O
Linux	B-Application
in	O
the	O
world	O
,	O
and	O
leading	O
to	O
the	O
formation	O
of	O
the	O
International	O
Centre	O
for	O
Free	B-Application
and	I-Application
Open	I-Application
Source	I-Application
Software	I-Application
(	O
ICFOSS	O
)	O
in	O
2009	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
March	O
2014	O
,	O
with	O
the	O
end	O
of	O
support	O
for	O
Windows	B-Application
XP	I-Application
,	O
the	O
Government	O
of	O
Tamil	O
Nadu	O
,	O
India	O
has	O
advised	O
all	O
its	O
departments	O
to	O
install	O
BOSS	B-Application
Linux	I-Application
(	O
Bharat	B-Application
Operating	I-Application
System	I-Application
Solutions	I-Application
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
Government	O
of	O
Pakistan	O
established	O
a	O
Technology	O
Resource	O
Mobilization	O
Unit	O
in	O
2002	O
to	O
enable	O
groups	O
of	O
professionals	O
to	O
exchange	O
views	O
and	O
coordinate	O
activities	O
in	O
their	O
sectors	O
and	O
to	O
educate	O
users	O
about	O
free	B-Application
software	I-Application
alternatives	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Linux	B-Application
is	O
an	O
option	O
for	O
poor	O
countries	O
which	O
have	O
little	O
revenue	O
for	O
public	O
investment	O
;	O
Pakistan	O
is	O
using	O
open-source	O
software	O
in	O
public	O
schools	O
and	O
colleges	O
,	O
and	O
hopes	O
to	O
run	O
all	O
government	O
services	O
on	O
Linux	B-Application
eventually	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
2010	O
,	O
the	O
Philippines	O
fielded	O
an	O
Ubuntu-powered	O
national	O
voting	O
system	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
July	O
2010	O
,	O
Malaysia	O
had	O
switched	O
703	O
of	O
the	O
state	O
's	O
724	O
agencies	O
to	O
free	B-License
and	I-License
open-source	I-License
software	I-License
with	O
a	O
Linux-based	B-Application
operating	I-Application
system	I-Application
used	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Students	O
from	O
the	O
University	O
of	O
Information	O
Science	O
in	O
Cuba	O
launched	O
its	O
own	O
distribution	O
of	O
Linux	B-Application
called	O
Nova	B-Application
to	O
promote	O
the	O
replacement	O
of	O
Microsoft	B-Application
Windows	I-Application
on	O
civilian	O
and	O
government	O
computers	O
,	O
a	O
project	O
that	O
is	O
now	O
supported	O
by	O
the	O
Cuban	O
Government	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
By	O
early	O
2011	O
the	O
Universidad	O
de	O
Ciencias	O
Informáticas	O
announced	O
that	O
they	O
would	O
migrate	O
more	O
than	O
8000	O
PCs	O
to	O
this	O
new	O
operating	B-General_Concept
system	I-General_Concept
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
July	O
2001	O
,	O
the	O
White	B-Application
House	I-Application
started	O
switching	O
whitehouse.gov	O
to	O
an	O
operating	B-General_Concept
system	I-General_Concept
based	O
on	O
Red	O
Hat	O
Linux	B-Application
and	O
using	O
the	O
Apache	B-Application
HTTP	I-Application
Server	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
October	O
2009	O
,	O
the	O
White	B-Application
House	I-Application
servers	O
adopted	O
Drupal	B-Application
,	O
an	O
open-source	O
content	B-Protocol
management	I-Protocol
system	I-Protocol
software	O
distribution	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
United	O
States	O
Department	O
of	O
Defense	O
uses	O
Linux	B-Application
-	O
"	O
the	O
U.S.	O
Army	O
is	O
the	O
single	O
largest	O
installed	O
base	O
for	O
Red	O
Hat	O
Linux	B-Application
"	O
and	O
the	O
US	O
Navy	O
nuclear	O
submarine	O
fleet	O
runs	O
on	O
Linux	B-Application
,	O
including	O
their	O
sonar	B-Application
systems	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
June	O
2012	O
,	O
the	O
US	O
Navy	O
signed	O
a	O
US$	O
27,883,883	O
contract	O
with	O
Raytheon	O
to	O
install	O
Linux	B-Application
ground	O
control	O
software	O
for	O
its	O
fleet	O
of	O
vertical	O
take-off	O
and	O
landing	O
(	O
VTOL	O
)	O
Northrop	O
Grumman	O
MQ-8	O
Fire	O
Scout	O
drones	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
contract	O
involves	O
Naval	O
Air	O
Station	O
Patuxent	O
River	O
,	O
Maryland	O
,	O
which	O
has	O
already	O
spent	O
US$	O
5,175,075	O
in	O
preparation	O
for	O
the	O
Linux	B-Application
systems	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
April	O
2006	O
,	O
the	O
US	O
Federal	O
Aviation	O
Administration	O
announced	O
that	O
it	O
had	O
completed	O
a	O
migration	O
to	O
Red	O
Hat	O
Enterprise	O
Linux	B-Application
in	O
one	O
third	O
of	O
the	O
scheduled	O
time	O
and	O
about	O
US$15	O
million	O
under	O
budget	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
US	O
National	O
Nuclear	O
Security	O
Administration	O
operates	O
the	O
world	O
's	O
tenth	O
fastest	B-Operating_System
supercomputer	I-Operating_System
,	O
the	O
IBM	B-General_Concept
Roadrunner	I-General_Concept
,	O
which	O
uses	O
Red	O
Hat	O
Enterprise	O
Linux	B-Application
along	O
with	O
Fedora	O
as	O
its	O
operating	B-General_Concept
systems	I-General_Concept
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
city	O
government	O
of	O
Largo	O
,	O
Florida	O
uses	O
Linux	B-Application
and	O
has	O
won	O
international	O
recognition	O
for	O
their	O
implementation	O
,	O
indicating	O
that	O
it	O
provides	O
"	O
extensive	O
savings	O
over	O
more	O
traditional	O
alternatives	O
in	O
city-wide	O
applications.	O
"	O
</s>
<s>
Brazil	O
uses	O
PC	O
Conectado	O
,	O
a	O
program	O
utilizing	O
Linux	B-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
2004	O
,	O
Venezuela	O
's	O
government	O
approved	O
the	O
3390	O
decree	O
,	O
to	O
give	O
preference	O
to	O
using	O
free	B-Application
software	I-Application
in	O
public	O
administration	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
One	O
result	O
of	O
this	O
policy	O
is	O
the	O
development	O
of	O
Canaima	O
,	O
a	O
Debian-based	O
Linux	B-Application
distribution	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
However	O
,	O
the	O
idea	O
was	O
largely	O
abandoned	O
,	O
because	O
the	O
necessary	O
software	O
was	O
incompatible	O
with	O
Linux	B-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
2007	O
,	O
France	O
's	O
national	O
police	O
force	O
(	O
the	O
National	O
Gendarmerie	O
)	O
started	O
moving	O
their	O
90,000	O
desktops	O
from	O
Windows	B-Application
XP	I-Application
to	O
a	O
Ubuntu	B-Operating_System
based	O
OS	O
,	O
GendBuntu	O
,	O
over	O
concerns	O
about	O
the	O
additional	O
training	O
costs	O
of	O
moving	O
to	O
Windows	B-Application
Vista	I-Application
,	O
and	O
following	O
the	O
success	O
of	O
OpenOffice.org	B-Application
roll-outs	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
France	O
's	O
Ministry	O
of	O
Agriculture	O
uses	O
Mandriva	O
Linux	B-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
French	O
Parliament	O
switched	O
to	O
using	O
Ubuntu	B-Operating_System
on	O
desktop	O
PCs	O
in	O
2007	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
However	O
,	O
in	O
2012	O
,	O
it	O
was	O
decided	O
to	O
let	O
each	O
Member	O
of	O
Parliament	O
choose	O
between	O
Windows	O
and	O
Linux	B-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
Even	O
though	O
more	O
than	O
80	O
percent	O
of	O
workstations	O
used	O
OpenOffice	B-Application
and	O
100	O
percent	O
used	O
Firefox/Thunderbird	O
five	O
years	O
later	O
(	O
November	O
2008	O
)	O
,	O
an	O
adoption	O
rate	O
of	O
Linux	B-Application
itself	O
of	O
only	O
20	O
percent	O
(	O
June	O
2010	O
)	O
was	O
achieved	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
By	O
the	O
end	O
of	O
2011	O
the	O
program	O
had	O
exceeded	O
its	O
goal	O
and	O
changed	O
over	O
9000	O
desktops	O
to	O
Linux	B-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
city	O
of	O
Munich	O
reported	O
at	O
the	O
end	O
of	O
2012	O
that	O
the	O
migration	O
to	O
Linux	B-Application
was	O
highly	O
successful	O
and	O
has	O
already	O
saved	O
the	O
city	O
over	O
€11	O
million	O
(	O
US$14	O
million	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
second	O
is	O
price	O
,	O
with	O
Schmid	O
saying	O
that	O
the	O
city	O
now	O
has	O
the	O
impression	O
that	O
"	O
Linux	B-Application
is	O
very	O
expensive	O
"	O
due	O
to	O
custom	O
programming	O
,	O
The	O
independent	O
group	O
will	O
advise	O
the	O
best	O
course	O
of	O
action	O
,	O
and	O
if	O
that	O
group	O
recommends	O
using	O
Microsoft	O
software	O
,	O
Schmid	O
says	O
that	O
a	O
switch	O
back	O
is	O
n't	O
impossible	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
city	O
council	O
said	O
they	O
already	O
saved	O
more	O
than	O
US$10	O
million	O
,	O
and	O
there	O
is	O
no	O
major	O
issue	O
with	O
the	O
switch	O
to	O
Linux	B-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
Some	O
observers	O
,	O
such	O
as	O
Silviu	O
Stahie	O
of	O
Softpedia	O
have	O
indicated	O
that	O
the	O
attempted	O
rejection	O
of	O
Linux	B-Application
has	O
been	O
influenced	O
by	O
Microsoft	O
and	O
its	O
supporters	O
,	O
and	O
that	O
this	O
is	O
predominantly	O
a	O
political	O
issue	O
and	O
not	O
a	O
technical	O
one	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
February	O
2017	O
,	O
the	O
city	O
council	O
considered	O
the	O
move	O
from	O
the	O
Linux-based	O
OS	O
to	O
Windows	B-Operating_System
10	I-Operating_System
while	O
shortly	O
before	O
Microsoft	O
Germany	O
moved	O
its	O
headquarters	O
to	O
Munich	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
Federal	O
Employment	O
Office	O
of	O
Germany	O
(	O
Bundesagentur	O
für	O
Arbeit	O
)	O
has	O
migrated	O
13,000	O
public	O
workstations	O
from	O
Windows	B-Device
NT	I-Device
to	O
openSUSE	B-Operating_System
.	O
</s>
<s>
Schools	O
have	O
already	O
migrated	O
from	O
Windows	O
to	O
Ubuntu	B-Operating_System
Linux	I-Operating_System
.	O
</s>
<s>
Republic	O
of	O
North	O
Macedonia	O
's	O
Ministry	O
of	O
Education	O
and	O
Science	O
deployed	O
more	O
than	O
180,000	O
Ubuntu	B-Operating_System
based	O
classroom	O
desktops	O
,	O
and	O
has	O
encouraged	O
every	O
student	O
in	O
the	O
Republic	O
of	O
North	O
Macedonia	O
to	O
use	O
Ubuntu	B-Operating_System
computer	O
workstations	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
Dutch	O
Police	O
Internet	O
Research	O
and	O
Investigation	O
Network	O
(	O
iRN	O
)	O
has	O
only	O
used	O
free	B-License
and	I-License
open-source	I-License
software	I-License
based	O
on	O
open	O
standards	O
,	O
publicly	O
developed	O
with	O
the	O
source	O
code	O
available	O
on	O
the	O
Internet	O
for	O
audit	O
,	O
since	O
2003	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
They	O
use	O
2200	O
Ubuntu	B-Operating_System
workstations	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
late	O
2010	O
,	O
Vladimir	O
Putin	O
signed	O
a	O
plan	O
to	O
move	O
the	O
Russian	O
Federation	O
government	O
towards	O
free	B-Application
software	I-Application
including	O
Linux	B-Application
in	O
the	O
second	O
quarter	O
of	O
2012	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
2014	O
,	O
Russia	O
announced	O
plans	O
to	O
move	O
their	O
Ministry	O
of	O
Health	O
to	O
Linux	B-Application
as	O
a	O
counter	O
to	O
sanctions	O
over	O
the	O
annexation	O
of	O
Crimea	O
by	O
the	O
Russian	O
Federation	O
and	O
a	O
means	O
of	O
hurting	O
US	O
corporate	O
interests	O
,	O
such	O
as	O
Microsoft	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
2018	O
,	O
Russia	O
began	O
adopting	O
Astra	O
Linux	B-Application
,	O
an	O
operating	B-General_Concept
system	I-General_Concept
which	O
is	O
certified	O
to	O
handle	O
data	O
classified	O
as	O
"	O
special	O
importance	O
"	O
,	O
on	O
their	O
military	O
computer	O
systems	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
regional	O
Andalusian	O
Autonomous	O
Government	O
of	O
Andalucía	O
in	O
Spain	O
developed	O
its	O
own	O
Linux	B-Application
distribution	I-Application
,	O
called	O
Guadalinex	B-Operating_System
in	O
2004	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
city	O
government	O
of	O
Barcelona	O
in	O
Spain	O
announced	O
in	O
2018	O
that	O
it	O
would	O
migrate	O
all	O
desktop	O
software	O
from	O
proprietary	O
to	O
free/open	O
-source	O
alternatives	O
,	O
and	O
would	O
gradually	O
migrate	O
from	O
proprietary	O
operating	B-General_Concept
systems	I-General_Concept
to	O
Linux	B-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
Switzerland	B-Protocol
's	O
Canton	O
of	O
Solothurn	O
decided	O
in	O
2001	O
to	O
migrate	O
its	O
computers	O
to	O
Linux	B-Application
,	O
but	O
in	O
2010	O
the	O
Swiss	B-Protocol
authority	O
has	O
made	O
a	O
U-turn	O
by	O
deciding	O
to	O
use	O
Windows	B-Device
7	I-Device
for	O
desktop	O
clients	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Hackney	O
London	O
Borough	O
Council	O
used	O
Linux	B-Application
laptops	O
for	O
its	O
4000	O
employees	O
to	O
allow	O
working	O
from	O
home	O
during	O
the	O
COVID-19	O
pandemic	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Linux	B-Application
is	O
often	O
used	O
in	O
technical	O
disciplines	O
at	O
universities	O
and	O
research	O
centres	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
This	O
is	O
due	O
to	O
several	O
factors	O
,	O
including	O
that	O
Linux	B-Application
is	O
available	O
free	O
of	O
charge	O
and	O
includes	O
a	O
large	O
body	O
of	O
free/open	B-License
-source	I-License
software	I-License
.	O
</s>
<s>
IBM	O
ran	O
an	O
advertising	O
campaign	O
entitled	O
"	O
Linux	B-Application
is	O
Education	O
"	O
featuring	O
a	O
young	O
boy	O
who	O
was	O
supposed	O
to	O
be	O
"	O
Linux	B-Application
"	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Examples	O
of	O
large	O
scale	O
adoption	O
of	O
Linux	B-Application
in	O
education	O
include	O
the	O
following	O
:	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
OLPC	B-Application
XO-1	I-Application
(	O
previously	O
called	O
the	O
MIT	O
$100	B-Application
laptop	I-Application
and	O
The	B-Application
Children	I-Application
's	I-Application
Machine	I-Application
)	O
,	O
is	O
an	O
inexpensive	O
laptop	O
running	O
Linux	B-Application
,	O
which	O
will	O
be	O
distributed	O
to	O
millions	O
of	O
children	O
as	O
part	O
of	O
the	O
One	O
Laptop	O
Per	O
Child	O
project	O
,	O
especially	O
in	O
developing	O
countries	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Germany	O
has	O
announced	O
that	O
560,000	O
students	O
in	O
33	O
universities	O
will	O
migrate	O
to	O
Linux	B-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
2012	O
,	O
the	O
Leibniz-Rechenzentrum	B-General_Concept
(	O
Leibniz	B-General_Concept
Supercomputing	I-General_Concept
Centre	I-General_Concept
)	O
(	O
LRZ	O
)	O
of	O
the	O
Bavarian	O
Academy	O
of	O
Sciences	O
and	O
Humanities	O
unveiled	O
the	O
SuperMUC	O
,	O
the	O
world	O
's	O
fourth	O
most	O
powerful	O
supercomputer	B-Architecture
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
computer	O
is	O
x86-based	O
and	O
features	O
155,000	O
processor	O
cores	O
with	O
a	O
maximum	O
speed	O
of	O
3	O
petaflops	O
of	O
processing	O
power	O
and	O
324	O
terabytes	O
of	O
RAM	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Its	O
operating	B-General_Concept
system	I-General_Concept
is	O
SUSE	O
Linux	B-Application
Enterprise	B-Application
Server	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
Schools	O
in	O
Bolzano	O
,	O
Italy	O
,	O
with	O
a	O
student	O
population	O
of	O
16	O
,	O
000	O
,	O
switched	O
to	O
a	O
custom	O
distribution	O
of	O
Linux	B-Application
,	O
(	O
FUSS	O
Soledad	O
GNU/Linux	B-Application
)	O
,	O
in	O
September	O
2005	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Republic	O
of	O
North	O
Macedonia	O
deployed	O
5,000	O
Linux	B-Application
desktops	O
running	O
Ubuntu	B-Operating_System
across	O
all	O
468	O
public	O
schools	O
and	O
182	O
computer	O
labs	O
(	O
December	O
2005	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Later	O
in	O
2007	O
,	O
another	O
180,000	O
Ubuntu	B-Operating_System
thin	B-Device
client	I-Device
computers	O
were	O
deployed	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
2013	O
,	O
Westcliff	O
High	O
School	O
for	O
Girls	O
in	O
the	O
United	O
Kingdom	O
successfully	O
moved	O
from	O
Windows	O
to	O
openSUSE	B-Operating_System
.	O
</s>
<s>
Orwell	O
High	O
School	O
,	O
a	O
school	O
with	O
about	O
1,000	O
students	O
in	O
Felixstowe	O
,	O
England	O
,	O
has	O
switched	O
to	O
Linux	B-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
All	O
primary	O
and	O
secondary	O
public	O
schools	O
in	O
the	O
Swiss	B-Protocol
Canton	O
of	O
Geneva	O
,	O
have	O
switched	O
to	O
using	O
Ubuntu	B-Operating_System
for	O
the	O
PCs	O
used	O
by	O
teachers	O
and	O
students	O
in	O
2013	O
–	O
14	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Brazil	O
has	O
35	O
million	O
students	O
in	O
over	O
50,000	O
schools	O
using	O
523,400	O
computer	O
stations	O
all	O
running	O
Linux	B-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
22,000	O
students	O
in	O
the	O
US	O
state	O
of	O
Indiana	O
had	O
access	O
to	O
Linux	B-Application
Workstations	O
at	O
their	O
high	O
schools	O
in	O
2006	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
2009	O
,	O
Venezuela	O
's	O
Ministry	O
of	O
Education	O
began	O
a	O
project	O
called	O
Canaima-educativo	O
,	O
to	O
provide	O
all	O
students	O
in	O
public	O
schools	O
with	O
"	O
Canaimita	O
"	O
laptop	O
computers	O
with	O
the	O
Canaima	O
Debian-based	O
Linux	B-Application
distribution	I-Application
pre-installed	O
,	O
as	O
well	O
as	O
with	O
open-source	O
educational	O
content	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
Chinese	O
government	O
is	O
buying	O
1.5	O
million	O
Linux	B-Application
Loongson	B-Language
PCs	O
as	O
part	O
of	O
its	O
plans	O
to	O
support	O
its	O
domestic	O
industry	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
addition	O
the	O
province	O
of	O
Jiangsu	O
will	O
install	O
as	O
many	O
as	O
150,000	O
Linux	B-Application
PCs	O
,	O
using	O
Loongson	B-Language
processors	O
,	O
in	O
rural	O
schools	O
starting	O
in	O
2009	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
By	O
December	O
2013	O
,	O
about	O
500	O
Indonesian	O
schools	O
were	O
running	O
openSUSE	B-Operating_System
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
2004	O
,	O
Georgia	O
began	O
running	O
all	O
its	O
school	O
computers	O
and	O
LTSP	B-Application
thin	B-Device
clients	I-Device
on	O
Linux	B-Application
,	O
mainly	O
using	O
Kubuntu	B-Application
,	O
Ubuntu	B-Operating_System
and	O
stripped	O
Fedora-based	O
distros	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
Indian	O
government	O
's	O
tablet	O
computer	O
initiative	O
for	O
student	O
use	O
employs	O
Linux	B-Application
as	O
the	O
operating	B-General_Concept
system	I-General_Concept
as	O
part	O
of	O
its	O
drive	O
to	O
produce	O
a	O
tablet	O
PC	O
for	O
under	O
1,500	O
rupees	O
(	O
US$35	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
Indian	O
state	O
of	O
Tamil	O
Nadu	O
plans	O
to	O
distribute	O
100,000	O
Linux	B-Application
laptops	O
to	O
its	O
students	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Government	O
officials	O
of	O
Kerala	O
,	O
India	O
announced	O
they	O
will	O
use	O
only	O
free	B-Application
software	I-Application
,	O
running	O
on	O
the	O
Linux	B-Application
platform	O
,	O
for	O
computer	O
education	O
,	O
starting	O
with	O
the	O
2,650	O
government	O
and	O
government-aided	O
high	O
schools	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
Indian	O
state	O
of	O
Tamil	O
Nadu	O
has	O
issued	O
a	O
directive	O
to	O
local	O
government	O
departments	O
asking	O
them	O
to	O
switch	O
over	O
to	O
open-source	O
software	O
,	O
in	O
the	O
wake	O
of	O
Microsoft	O
's	O
decision	O
to	O
end	O
support	O
for	O
Windows	B-Application
XP	I-Application
in	O
April	O
2014	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
Philippines	O
has	O
deployed	O
13,000	O
desktops	O
running	O
on	O
Fedora	O
,	O
the	O
first	O
10,000	O
were	O
delivered	O
in	O
December	O
2007	O
by	O
Advanced	O
Solutions	O
Inc	O
.	O
Another	O
10,000	O
desktops	O
of	O
Edubuntu	B-Application
and	O
Kubuntu	B-Application
are	O
planned	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Russia	O
announced	O
in	O
October	O
2007	O
,	O
that	O
all	O
its	O
school	O
computers	O
will	O
run	O
on	O
Linux	B-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
Sony	O
's	O
PlayStation	B-Operating_System
3	I-Operating_System
came	O
with	O
a	O
hard	B-Device
disk	I-Device
(	O
20GB	O
,	O
60GB	O
or	O
80GB	O
)	O
and	O
was	O
specially	O
designed	O
to	O
allow	O
easy	O
installation	O
of	O
Linux	B-Application
on	O
the	O
system	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
However	O
,	O
Linux	B-Application
was	O
prevented	O
from	O
accessing	O
certain	O
functions	O
of	O
the	O
PlayStation	O
such	O
as	O
3D	O
graphics	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Sony	O
also	O
released	O
a	O
Linux	B-Device
kit	I-Device
for	O
its	O
PlayStation	B-Device
2	I-Device
console	O
(	O
see	O
Linux	B-Device
for	I-Device
PlayStation	I-Device
2	I-Device
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
PlayStation	O
hardware	O
running	O
Linux	B-Application
has	O
been	O
occasionally	O
used	O
in	O
small	B-General_Concept
scale	I-General_Concept
distributed	I-General_Concept
computing	I-General_Concept
experiments	O
,	O
due	O
to	O
the	O
ease	O
of	O
installation	O
and	O
the	O
relatively	O
low	O
price	O
of	O
a	O
PS3	B-Operating_System
compared	O
to	O
other	O
hardware	O
choices	O
offering	O
similar	O
performance	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
As	O
of	O
April	O
1	O
,	O
2010	O
,	O
Sony	O
disabled	O
the	O
ability	O
to	O
install	O
Linux	B-Application
"	O
due	O
to	O
security	O
concerns	O
"	O
starting	O
with	O
firmware	B-Application
version	O
3.21	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
2008	O
,	O
many	O
netbook	B-Device
models	O
were	O
shipped	O
with	O
Linux	B-Application
installed	O
,	O
usually	O
with	O
a	O
lightweight	O
distribution	O
,	O
such	O
as	O
Xandros	O
or	O
Linpus	O
,	O
to	O
reduce	O
resource	O
consumption	O
on	O
their	O
limited	O
resources	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Through	O
2007	O
and	O
2008	O
,	O
Linux	B-Application
distributions	I-Application
with	O
an	O
emphasis	O
on	O
ease	O
of	O
use	O
such	O
as	O
Ubuntu	B-Operating_System
became	O
increasingly	O
popular	O
as	O
home	O
desktop	B-General_Concept
operating	I-General_Concept
systems	I-General_Concept
,	O
with	O
some	O
OEMs	O
,	O
such	O
as	O
Dell	O
,	O
offering	O
models	O
with	O
Ubuntu	B-Operating_System
or	O
other	O
Linux	B-Application
distributions	I-Application
on	O
desktop	B-General_Concept
systems	I-General_Concept
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
2011	O
,	O
Google	B-Application
introduced	O
its	O
Chromebooks	B-Operating_System
,	O
thin	B-Device
clients	I-Device
based	O
on	O
Linux	B-Application
and	O
supplying	O
just	O
a	O
web	B-Application
browser	I-Application
,	O
file	B-Application
manager	I-Application
and	O
media	O
player	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
They	O
also	O
have	O
the	O
ability	O
to	O
remote	B-Protocol
desktop	I-Protocol
into	O
other	O
computers	O
via	O
the	O
free	O
Chrome	B-Operating_System
Remote	I-Operating_System
Desktop	I-Operating_System
extension	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
2012	O
the	O
first	O
Chromebox	O
,	O
a	O
desktop	O
equivalent	O
of	O
the	O
Chromebook	B-Operating_System
,	O
was	O
introduced	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
By	O
2013	O
Chromebooks	B-Operating_System
had	O
captured	O
20-25	O
%	O
of	O
the	O
US	O
market	O
for	O
sub-	O
$300	O
laptops	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Android	B-Application
,	O
created	O
by	O
Google	B-Application
in	O
2007	O
,	O
is	O
the	O
smartphone	O
&	O
tablet	O
operating	B-General_Concept
system	I-General_Concept
which	O
,	O
as	O
of	O
late	O
2013	O
,	O
runs	O
on	O
80%	O
of	O
smartphones	O
and	O
60%	O
of	O
tablets	O
,	O
worldwide	O
;	O
it	O
is	O
pre-installed	O
on	O
devices	O
by	O
brand	O
hardware	O
manufacturers	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
2013	O
,	O
Valve	O
publicly	O
released	O
ports	O
of	O
Steam	B-Application
and	O
the	O
Source	B-Application
engine	I-Application
to	O
Linux	B-Application
,	O
allowing	O
many	O
popular	O
titles	O
by	O
Valve	O
such	O
as	O
Team	B-Application
Fortress	I-Application
2	I-Application
and	O
Half-Life	B-Application
2	I-Application
to	O
be	O
played	O
on	O
Linux	B-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
Later	O
that	O
same	O
year	O
,	O
Valve	O
announced	O
their	O
upcoming	O
Steam	B-Device
Machine	I-Device
consoles	O
,	O
which	O
would	O
by	O
default	O
run	O
SteamOS	B-Application
,	O
an	O
operating	B-General_Concept
system	I-General_Concept
based	O
on	O
the	O
Linux	B-Application
kernel	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Proton	O
makes	O
it	O
possible	O
to	O
run	O
many	O
games	O
on	O
Linux	B-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
March	O
2014	O
,	O
Ubuntu	B-Operating_System
claimed	O
22,000,000	O
users	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Linux	B-Application
is	O
used	O
extensively	O
on	O
servers	O
in	O
businesses	O
,	O
and	O
has	O
been	O
for	O
a	O
long	O
time	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Linux	B-Application
is	O
also	O
used	O
in	O
some	O
corporate	O
environments	O
as	O
the	O
desktop	O
platform	O
for	O
their	O
employees	O
,	O
with	O
commercially	O
available	O
solutions	O
including	O
Red	O
Hat	O
Enterprise	O
Linux	B-Application
,	O
SUSE	O
Linux	B-Application
Enterprise	O
Desktop	O
,	O
and	O
Ubuntu	B-Operating_System
.	O
</s>
<s>
Athens	O
,	O
founded	O
in	O
2005	O
in	O
Athens	O
,	O
Georgia	O
,	O
United	O
States	O
,	O
is	O
a	O
non-profit	O
organization	O
dedicated	O
to	O
rescuing	O
computers	O
from	O
landfills	O
,	O
recycling	O
them	O
or	O
refurbishing	O
them	O
using	O
Linux	B-Application
exclusively	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Burlington	O
Coat	O
Factory	O
has	O
used	O
Linux	B-Application
exclusively	O
since	O
1999	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Ernie	O
Ball	O
,	O
known	O
for	O
its	O
famous	O
Super	O
Slinky	O
guitar	O
strings	O
,	O
has	O
used	O
Linux	B-Application
as	O
its	O
desktop	B-General_Concept
operating	I-General_Concept
system	I-General_Concept
since	O
2000	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Novell	O
is	O
undergoing	O
a	O
migration	O
from	O
Windows	O
to	O
Linux	B-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
Wotif	O
,	O
the	O
Australian	O
hotel	O
booking	O
website	O
,	O
migrated	O
from	O
Windows	O
to	O
Linux	B-Application
servers	O
to	O
keep	O
up	O
with	O
the	O
growth	O
of	O
its	O
business	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Union	O
Bank	O
of	O
California	O
announced	O
in	O
January	O
2007	O
that	O
it	O
would	O
standardize	O
its	O
IT	O
infrastructure	O
on	O
Red	O
Hat	O
Enterprise	O
Linux	B-Application
in	O
order	O
to	O
lower	O
costs	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Peugeot	O
,	O
the	O
European	O
car	O
maker	O
,	O
announced	O
plans	O
to	O
deploy	O
up	O
to	O
20,000	O
copies	O
of	O
Novell	O
's	O
Linux	B-Application
desktop	O
,	O
SUSE	O
Linux	B-Application
Enterprise	O
Desktop	O
,	O
and	O
2,500	O
copies	O
of	O
SUSE	O
Linux	B-Application
Enterprise	B-Application
Server	I-Application
,	O
in	O
2007	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Mindbridge	O
,	O
a	O
software	O
company	O
,	O
announced	O
in	O
September	O
2007	O
that	O
it	O
had	O
migrated	O
a	O
large	O
number	O
of	O
Windows	O
servers	O
onto	O
a	O
smaller	O
number	O
of	O
Linux	B-Application
servers	O
and	O
a	O
few	O
BSD	B-Operating_System
servers	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Virgin	O
America	O
,	O
the	O
low	O
cost	O
U.S.	O
airline	O
,	O
uses	O
Linux	B-Application
to	O
power	O
its	O
in-flight	O
entertainment	O
system	O
,	O
RED	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Amazon.com,	O
the	O
US	O
based	O
mail-order	O
retailer	O
,	O
uses	O
Linux	B-Application
"	O
in	O
nearly	O
every	O
corner	O
of	O
its	O
business	O
"	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Google	B-Application
uses	O
a	O
version	O
of	O
Ubuntu	B-Operating_System
internally	O
nicknamed	O
Goobuntu	B-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
August	O
2017	O
,	O
Google	B-Application
announced	O
that	O
it	O
would	O
be	O
replacing	O
Goobuntu	B-Application
with	O
gLinux	B-Application
,	O
an	O
in-house	O
distro	O
based	O
on	O
the	O
Debian	O
Testing	O
branch	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
IBM	O
does	O
extensive	O
development	O
work	O
for	O
Linux	B-Application
and	O
also	O
uses	O
it	O
on	O
desktops	O
and	O
servers	O
internally	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
company	O
also	O
created	O
a	O
TV	O
advertising	O
campaign	O
:	O
IBM	O
supports	O
Linux	B-Application
100%	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Wikimedia	O
Foundation	O
moved	O
to	O
running	O
its	O
Wikipedia	O
servers	O
on	O
Ubuntu	B-Operating_System
in	O
late	O
2008	O
,	O
after	O
having	O
previously	O
used	O
a	O
combination	O
of	O
Red	O
Hat	O
and	O
Fedora	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
DreamWorks	O
Animation	O
adopted	O
the	O
use	O
of	O
Linux	B-Application
since	O
2001	O
,	O
and	O
uses	O
more	O
than	O
1,000	O
Linux	B-Application
desktops	O
and	O
more	O
than	O
3,000	O
Linux	B-Application
servers	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
Chi-X	O
pan-European	O
equity	O
exchange	O
runs	O
its	O
MarketPrizm	O
trading	O
platform	O
software	O
on	O
Linux	B-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
London	O
Stock	O
Exchange	O
uses	O
the	O
Linux-based	O
MillenniumIT	O
Millennium	O
Exchange	O
software	O
for	O
its	O
trading	O
platform	O
and	O
predicts	O
that	O
moving	O
to	O
Linux	B-Application
from	O
Windows	O
will	O
give	O
it	O
an	O
annual	O
cost	O
savings	O
of	O
at	O
least	O
£10	O
million	O
(	O
$14.7	O
million	O
)	O
from	O
2011	O
to	O
2012	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
New	O
York	O
Stock	O
Exchange	O
uses	O
Linux	B-Application
to	O
run	O
its	O
trading	O
applications	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Mobexpert	O
Group	O
,	O
the	O
leading	O
furniture	O
manufacturer	O
and	O
retailer	O
in	O
Romania	O
,	O
extensively	O
uses	O
Linux	B-Application
,	O
LibreOffice	B-Application
and	O
other	O
free	B-Application
software	I-Application
in	O
its	O
data	O
communications	O
and	O
processing	O
systems	O
,	O
including	O
some	O
desktops	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
American	O
electronic	O
music	O
composer	O
Kim	O
Cascone	O
migrated	O
from	O
Apple	O
Mac	O
to	O
Ubuntu	B-Operating_System
for	O
his	O
music	O
studio	O
,	O
performance	O
use	O
and	O
administration	O
in	O
2009	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Laughing	O
Boy	O
Records	O
under	O
the	O
direction	O
of	O
owner	O
Geoff	O
Beasley	O
switched	O
from	O
doing	O
audio	O
recording	O
on	O
Windows	O
to	O
Linux	B-Application
in	O
2004	O
as	O
a	O
result	O
of	O
Windows	O
spyware	O
problems	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Nav	O
Canada	O
's	O
new	O
Internet	O
Flight	O
Planning	O
System	O
for	O
roll-out	O
in	O
2011	O
,	O
is	O
written	O
in	O
Python	B-Language
and	O
runs	O
on	O
Red	O
Hat	O
Linux	B-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
Electrolux	O
Frigidaire	O
Infinity	O
i-kitchen	O
is	O
a	O
"	O
smart	O
appliance	O
"	O
refrigerator	O
that	O
uses	O
a	O
Linux	B-Application
operating	I-Application
system	I-Application
,	O
running	O
on	O
an	O
embedded	O
400MHz	O
Freescale	O
i.MX25	O
processor	O
with	O
128	O
MB	O
of	O
RAM	O
and	O
a	O
480×800	O
touch	O
panel	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
DukeJets	O
LLC	O
(	O
USA	O
)	O
and	O
Duke	O
Jets	O
Ltd	O
.	O
(	O
Canada	O
)	O
,	O
air	O
charter	O
brokerage	O
companies	O
,	O
switched	O
from	O
Windows	O
to	O
Ubuntu	B-Operating_System
Linux	I-Operating_System
in	O
2012	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Banco	O
do	O
Brasil	O
,	O
the	O
biggest	O
bank	O
in	O
Brazil	O
,	O
has	O
moved	O
nearly	O
all	O
desktops	O
to	O
Linux	B-Application
,	O
except	O
some	O
corporate	O
ones	O
and	O
a	O
few	O
that	O
are	O
need	O
to	O
operate	O
some	O
specific	O
hardware	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
They	O
began	O
migration	O
of	O
their	O
servers	O
to	O
Linux	B-Application
in	O
2002	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Branch	O
servers	O
and	O
ATMs	O
all	O
run	O
Linux	B-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
KLM	B-General_Concept
,	O
the	O
Royal	O
Aviation	O
Company	O
of	O
the	O
Netherlands	O
,	O
uses	O
Linux	B-Application
on	O
the	O
OSS-based	O
version	O
of	O
its	O
KLM	B-General_Concept
WebFarm	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Ocado	O
,	O
the	O
online	O
supermarket	O
,	O
uses	O
Linux	B-Application
in	O
its	O
data	O
centres	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Kazi	O
Farms	O
Group	O
,	O
a	O
large	O
poultry	O
and	O
food	O
products	O
company	O
in	O
Bangladesh	O
,	O
migrated	O
1000	O
computers	O
to	O
Linux	B-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
An	O
associated	O
TV	O
channel	O
,	O
Deepto	O
TV	O
,	O
as	O
well	O
as	O
an	O
associated	O
daily	O
newspaper	O
Dhaka	O
Tribune	O
also	O
migrated	O
to	O
Linux	B-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
Zando	O
Computer	O
,	O
an	O
IT	O
consulting	O
company	O
located	O
in	O
Bucharest	O
,	O
Romania	O
uses	O
Linux	B-Application
for	O
its	O
business	O
needs	O
(	O
server	B-Application
and	O
desktop	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
company	O
recommends	O
to	O
its	O
clients	O
and	O
actively	O
deploys	O
Linux	B-Application
,	O
LibreOffice	B-Application
(	O
OpenDocument	B-Application
format	I-Application
solutions	O
)	O
and	O
other	O
categories	O
of	O
free	B-Application
software	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
Nvidia	O
,	O
at	O
the	O
2015	O
Consumer	O
Electronics	O
Show	O
,	O
company	O
CEO	O
Jen-Hsun	O
Huang	O
made	O
his	O
extensive	O
presentations	O
using	O
Ubuntu	B-Operating_System
Linux	I-Operating_System
.	O
</s>
<s>
Statistical	O
Office	O
of	O
the	O
Republic	O
of	O
Serbia	O
ICT	B-General_Concept
report	O
for	O
2017	O
,	O
showed	O
that	O
19.8	O
%	O
of	O
the	O
companies	O
in	O
Serbia	O
use	O
Linux	B-Application
as	O
their	O
main	O
operating	B-General_Concept
system	I-General_Concept
(	O
up	O
from	O
14.5	O
%	O
in	O
2016	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Linux	B-Application
is	O
largely	O
used	O
in	O
Serbian	O
large	O
enterprises	O
(	O
companies	O
that	O
fulfil	O
two	O
out	O
of	O
three	O
conditions	O
:	O
250+	O
employees	O
,	O
revenue	O
of	O
35+	O
million	O
euros	O
,	O
total	O
assets	O
of	O
17.5	O
+	O
million	O
euros	O
)	O
,	O
where	O
Linux	B-Application
adoption	O
has	O
reached	O
40.9	O
%	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
NASA	O
decided	O
to	O
switch	O
the	O
International	O
Space	O
Station	O
laptops	O
running	O
Windows	B-Application
XP	I-Application
to	O
Debian	O
6	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
WLCG	O
is	O
composed	O
of	O
576	O
sites	O
with	O
more	O
than	O
390,000	O
processors	O
and	O
150	O
petabytes	O
of	O
storage	O
and	O
uses	O
Linux	B-Application
on	O
all	O
its	O
nodes	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Canada	O
's	O
largest	O
super	B-Architecture
computer	I-Architecture
,	O
the	O
IBM	O
iDataPlex	O
cluster	O
computer	O
at	O
the	O
University	O
of	O
Toronto	O
uses	O
Linux	B-Application
as	O
its	O
operating	B-General_Concept
system	I-General_Concept
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
Internet	O
Archive	O
uses	O
hundreds	O
of	O
x86	B-Operating_System
servers	O
to	O
catalogue	O
the	O
Internet	O
,	O
all	O
of	O
them	O
running	O
Linux	B-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
Tianhe-I	B-Device
,	O
the	O
world	O
's	O
fastest	O
super	B-Architecture
computer	I-Architecture
as	O
of	O
October	O
2010	O
,	O
located	O
at	O
the	O
National	O
Centre	O
for	O
Supercomputing	B-Architecture
in	O
Tianjin	O
,	O
China	O
runs	O
Linux	B-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
University	O
of	O
Portsmouth	O
in	O
the	O
United	O
Kingdom	O
has	O
deployed	O
a	O
"	O
cost	O
effective	O
"	O
high	B-Architecture
performance	I-Architecture
computer	I-Architecture
that	O
will	O
be	O
used	O
to	O
analyse	O
data	O
from	O
telescopes	O
around	O
the	O
world	O
,	O
run	O
simulations	O
and	O
test	O
the	O
current	O
theories	O
about	O
the	O
universe	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Its	O
operating	B-General_Concept
system	I-General_Concept
is	O
Scientific	B-Application
Linux	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
Dr	O
David	O
Bacon	O
of	O
the	O
University	O
of	O
Portsmouth	O
said	O
:	O
"	O
Our	O
Institute	O
of	O
Cosmology	O
is	O
in	O
a	O
great	O
position	O
to	O
use	O
this	O
high	B-Architecture
performance	I-Architecture
computer	I-Architecture
to	O
make	O
real	O
breakthroughs	O
in	O
understanding	O
the	O
universe	O
,	O
both	O
by	O
analysing	O
the	O
very	O
latest	O
astronomical	O
observations	O
,	O
and	O
by	O
calculating	O
the	O
consequences	O
of	O
mind-boggling	O
new	O
theories	O
...	O
By	O
selecting	O
Dell	O
’s	O
industry-standard	O
hardware	O
and	O
open-source	O
software	O
we	O
’re	O
able	O
to	O
free	O
up	O
budget	O
that	O
would	O
have	O
normally	O
been	O
spent	O
on	O
costly	O
licences	O
and	O
reinvest	O
it.	O
"	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
September	O
2011	O
,	O
ten	O
autonomous	O
unmanned	O
air	O
vehicles	O
were	O
flown	O
in	O
flocking	O
flight	O
by	O
the	O
École	O
Polytechnique	O
Fédérale	O
de	O
Lausanne	O
’s	O
Laboratory	O
of	O
Intelligence	O
Systems	O
in	O
Lausanne	O
,	O
Switzerland	B-Protocol
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
UAVs	O
each	O
sense	O
each	O
other	O
and	O
control	O
their	O
own	O
flight	O
in	O
relation	O
to	O
each	O
other	O
,	O
each	O
has	O
an	O
independent	O
processor	O
running	O
Linux	B-Application
to	O
accomplish	O
this	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
British	O
actor	O
Stephen	O
Fry	O
,	O
in	O
August	O
2012	O
stated	O
that	O
he	O
uses	O
Linux	B-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
"	O
Do	O
I	O
use	O
Linux	B-Application
on	O
any	O
of	O
my	O
devices	O
?	O
</s>
<s>
Yes	O
–	O
I	O
use	O
Ubuntu	B-Operating_System
these-days	O
;	O
it	O
seems	O
the	O
friendliest.	O
"	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
2008	O
,	O
Jamie	O
Hyneman	O
,	O
co-host	O
of	O
the	O
American	O
television	O
series	O
Mythbusters	O
,	O
advocated	O
Linux-based	B-Application
operating	I-Application
systems	I-Application
as	O
a	O
solution	O
to	O
software	O
bloat	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Science	O
fiction	O
writer	O
Cory	O
Doctorow	O
uses	O
Ubuntu	B-Operating_System
.	O
</s>
<s>
Actor	O
Wil	O
Wheaton	O
sometimes	O
uses	O
Linux	B-Application
distributions	I-Application
,	O
but	O
not	O
as	O
his	O
primary	O
operating	B-General_Concept
system	I-General_Concept
.	O
</s>
