<s>
This	O
is	O
a	O
list	O
of	O
commands	O
from	O
the	O
GNU	B-Application
Core	I-Application
Utilities	I-Application
for	O
Unix	O
environments	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
These	O
commands	O
can	O
be	O
found	O
on	O
Unix	O
operating	O
systems	O
and	O
most	O
Unix-like	B-Operating_System
operating	I-Operating_System
systems	I-Operating_System
.	O
</s>
<s>
+	O
Programs	O
in	O
coreutils	B-Application
8.27	O
Name	O
Category	O
Description	O
chcon	O
File	O
utilities	O
Changes	O
file	O
security	O
context	O
(	O
SELinux	B-Application
)	O
chgrp	B-Application
File	O
utilities	O
Changes	O
file	O
group	O
ownership	O
chown	B-Device
File	O
utilities	O
Changes	O
file	O
ownership	O
chmod	B-Application
File	O
utilities	O
Changes	O
the	O
permissions	O
of	O
a	O
file	O
or	O
directory	O
cp	B-Application
File	O
utilities	O
Copies	O
a	O
file	O
or	O
directory	O
dd	B-Application
File	O
utilities	O
Copies	O
and	O
converts	O
a	O
file	O
df	B-Device
File	O
utilities	O
Shows	O
disk	O
free	O
space	O
on	O
file	O
systems	O
dir	B-Application
File	O
utilities	O
Is	O
exactly	O
like	O
"	O
ls	B-Application
-C	O
-b	O
"	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
dircolors	O
File	O
utilities	O
Set	O
up	O
color	O
for	O
ls	B-Application
install	B-Device
File	O
utilities	O
Copies	O
files	O
and	O
set	O
attributes	O
ln	B-Device
File	O
utilities	O
Creates	O
a	O
link	B-Application
to	O
a	O
file	O
ls	B-Application
File	O
utilities	O
Lists	O
the	O
files	O
in	O
a	O
directory	O
mkdir	B-Application
File	O
utilities	O
Creates	O
a	O
directory	O
mkfifo	B-Device
File	O
utilities	O
Makes	O
named	B-Operating_System
pipes	I-Operating_System
(	O
FIFOs	O
)	O
mknod	O
File	O
utilities	O
Makes	O
block	B-Application
or	I-Application
character	I-Application
special	I-Application
files	I-Application
mktemp	B-Device
File	O
utilities	O
Creates	O
a	O
temporary	B-Application
file	I-Application
or	O
directory	O
mv	O
File	O
utilities	O
Moves	O
files	O
or	O
rename	O
files	O
realpath	O
File	O
utilities	O
Returns	O
the	O
resolved	O
absolute	O
or	O
relative	O
path	O
for	O
a	O
file	O
rm	B-Application
File	O
utilities	O
Removes	O
(	O
deletes	O
)	O
files	O
,	O
directories	O
,	O
device	B-Application
nodes	I-Application
and	O
symbolic	B-Application
links	I-Application
rmdir	B-Device
File	O
utilities	O
Removes	O
empty	O
directories	O
shred	B-Application
File	O
utilities	O
Overwrites	O
a	O
file	O
to	O
hide	O
its	O
contents	O
,	O
and	O
optionally	O
deletes	O
it	O
sync	B-Language
File	O
utilities	O
Flushes	O
file	O
system	O
buffers	O
touch	B-Application
File	O
utilities	O
Changes	O
file	O
timestamps	O
;	O
creates	O
file	O
truncate	O
File	O
utilities	O
Shrink	O
or	O
extend	O
the	O
size	O
of	O
a	O
file	O
to	O
the	O
specified	O
size	O
vdir	B-Application
File	O
utilities	O
Is	O
exactly	O
like	O
"	O
ls	B-Application
-l	O
-b	O
"	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
b2sum	O
Text	O
utilities	O
Computes	O
and	O
checks	O
BLAKE2b	B-Algorithm
message	O
digest	O
base32	O
Text	O
utilities	O
Encodes	O
or	O
decodes	O
Base32	O
,	O
and	O
prints	O
result	O
to	O
standard	O
output	O
base64	B-Protocol
Text	O
utilities	O
Encodes	O
or	O
decodes	O
Base64	B-Protocol
,	O
and	O
prints	O
result	O
to	O
standard	O
output	O
cat	B-Device
Text	O
utilities	O
Concatenates	O
and	O
prints	O
files	O
on	O
the	O
standard	O
output	O
cksum	B-Device
Text	O
utilities	O
Checksums	O
(	O
IEEE	O
Ethernet	O
CRC-32	O
)	O
and	O
count	O
the	O
bytes	O
in	O
a	O
file.Supersedes	O
other	O
*	O
sum	O
utilities	O
with	O
-a	O
option	O
from	O
version	O
9.0	O
.	O
comm	B-Application
Text	O
utilities	O
Compares	O
two	O
sorted	O
files	O
line	O
by	O
line	O
csplit	B-Device
Text	O
utilities	O
Splits	O
a	O
file	O
into	O
sections	O
determined	O
by	O
context	O
lines	O
cut	B-Device
Text	O
utilities	O
Removes	O
sections	O
from	O
each	O
line	O
of	O
files	O
expand	B-Device
Text	O
utilities	O
Converts	O
tabs	O
to	O
spaces	O
fmt	B-Application
Text	O
utilities	O
Simple	O
optimal	O
text	O
formatter	O
fold	B-Device
Text	O
utilities	O
Wraps	O
each	O
input	O
line	O
to	O
fit	O
in	O
specified	O
width	O
head	B-Device
Text	O
utilities	O
Outputs	O
the	O
first	O
part	O
of	O
files	O
join	B-Application
Text	O
utilities	O
Joins	O
lines	O
of	O
two	O
files	O
on	O
a	O
common	O
field	O
md5sum	B-Device
Text	O
utilities	O
Computes	O
and	O
checks	O
MD5	B-Algorithm
message	O
digest	O
nl	B-Device
Text	O
utilities	O
Numbers	O
lines	O
of	O
files	O
numfmt	O
Text	O
utilities	O
Reformat	O
numbers	O
od	B-Device
Text	O
utilities	O
Dumps	O
files	O
in	O
octal	O
and	O
other	O
formats	O
paste	B-Device
Text	O
utilities	O
Merges	O
lines	O
of	O
files	O
ptx	B-Device
Text	O
utilities	O
Produces	O
a	O
permuted	O
index	O
of	O
file	O
contents	O
pr	B-Application
Text	O
utilities	O
Converts	O
text	O
files	O
for	O
printing	O
sha1sum	O
,	O
sha224sum	O
,	O
sha256sum	O
,	O
sha384sum	O
,	O
sha512sum	O
Text	O
utilities	O
Computes	O
and	O
checks	O
SHA-1/SHA	O
-2	O
message	O
digests	O
shuf	B-Device
Text	O
utilities	O
generate	O
random	O
permutations	O
sort	B-Application
Text	O
utilities	O
sort	B-Application
lines	O
of	O
text	O
files	O
split	B-Application
Text	O
utilities	O
Splits	O
a	O
file	O
into	O
pieces	O
sum	O
Text	O
utilities	O
Checksums	O
and	O
counts	O
the	O
blocks	O
in	O
a	O
file	O
tac	O
Text	O
utilities	O
Concatenates	O
and	O
prints	O
files	O
in	O
reverse	O
order	O
line	O
by	O
line	O
tail	B-Application
Text	O
utilities	O
Outputs	O
the	O
last	O
part	O
of	O
files	O
tr	B-Application
Text	O
utilities	O
Translates	O
or	O
deletes	O
characters	O
tsort	B-Device
Text	O
utilities	O
Performs	O
a	O
topological	B-Algorithm
sort	I-Algorithm
unexpand	B-Device
Text	O
utilities	O
Converts	O
spaces	O
to	O
tabs	O
uniq	B-Application
Text	O
utilities	O
Removes	O
duplicate	O
lines	O
from	O
a	O
sorted	O
file	O
wc	B-Application
Text	O
utilities	O
Prints	O
the	O
number	O
of	O
bytes	O
,	O
words	O
,	O
and	O
lines	O
in	O
files	O
arch	B-Device
Shell	O
utilities	O
Prints	O
machine	O
hardware	O
name	O
(	O
same	O
as	O
uname	B-Device
-m	O
)	O
basename	B-Application
Shell	O
utilities	O
Removes	O
the	O
path	O
prefix	O
from	O
a	O
given	O
pathname	O
chroot	B-Application
Shell	O
utilities	O
Changes	O
the	O
root	O
directory	O
date	O
Shell	O
utilities	O
Prints	O
or	O
sets	O
the	O
system	O
date	O
and	O
time	O
dirname	B-Device
Shell	O
utilities	O
Strips	O
non-directory	O
suffix	O
from	O
file	O
name	O
du	B-Application
Shell	O
utilities	O
Shows	O
disk	B-Application
usage	I-Application
on	O
file	O
systems	O
echo	B-Application
Shell	O
utilities	O
Displays	O
a	O
specified	O
line	O
of	O
text	O
env	B-Device
Shell	O
utilities	O
Displays	O
and	O
modifies	O
environment	O
variables	O
expr	B-Application
Shell	O
utilities	O
Evaluates	O
expressions	O
factor	B-Application
Shell	O
utilities	O
Factors	O
numbers	O
false	B-Device
Shell	O
utilities	O
Does	O
nothing	O
,	O
but	O
exits	O
unsuccessfully	O
groups	B-Application
Shell	O
utilities	O
Prints	O
the	O
groups	B-Application
of	O
which	O
the	O
user	O
is	O
a	O
member	O
hostid	O
Shell	O
utilities	O
Prints	O
the	O
numeric	O
identifier	O
for	O
the	O
current	O
host	O
id	B-Application
Shell	O
utilities	O
Prints	O
real	O
or	O
effective	O
UID	B-Application
and	O
GID	B-Application
link	B-Application
Shell	O
utilities	O
Creates	O
a	O
link	B-Application
to	O
a	O
file	O
logname	B-Device
Shell	O
utilities	O
Print	O
the	O
user	O
's	O
login	O
name	O
nice	B-Device
Shell	O
utilities	O
Modifies	O
scheduling	O
priority	O
nohup	B-Device
Shell	O
utilities	O
Allows	O
a	O
command	O
to	O
continue	O
running	O
after	O
logging	O
out	O
nproc	O
Shell	O
utilities	O
Queries	O
the	O
number	O
of	O
(	O
active	O
)	O
processors	O
pathchk	B-Application
Shell	O
utilities	O
Checks	O
whether	O
file	O
names	O
are	O
valid	O
or	O
portable	O
pinky	O
Shell	O
utilities	O
A	O
lightweight	O
version	O
of	O
finger	B-Application
printenv	O
Shell	O
utilities	O
Prints	O
environment	O
variables	O
printf	B-Language
Shell	O
utilities	O
Formats	O
and	O
prints	O
data	O
pwd	B-Protocol
Shell	O
utilities	O
Prints	O
the	O
current	B-Application
working	I-Application
directory	I-Application
readlink	B-Application
Shell	O
utilities	O
Displays	O
value	O
of	O
a	O
symbolic	B-Application
link	I-Application
runcon	O
Shell	O
utilities	O
Run	O
command	O
with	O
specified	O
security	O
context	O
seq	B-Device
Shell	O
utilities	O
Prints	O
a	O
sequence	O
of	O
numbers	O
sleep	B-Application
Shell	O
utilities	O
Delays	O
for	O
a	O
specified	O
amount	O
of	O
time	O
stat	B-Language
Shell	O
utilities	O
Returns	O
data	O
about	O
an	O
inode	B-Application
stdbuf	O
Shell	O
utilities	O
Controls	O
buffering	O
for	O
commands	O
that	O
use	O
stdio	O
stty	O
Shell	O
utilities	O
Changes	O
and	O
prints	O
terminal	B-General_Concept
line	O
settings	O
tee	B-Operating_System
Shell	O
utilities	O
Sends	O
output	O
to	O
multiple	O
files	O
test	B-Application
Shell	O
utilities	O
Evaluates	O
an	O
expression	O
timeout	O
Shell	O
utilities	O
Run	O
a	O
command	O
with	O
a	O
time	O
limit	O
true	B-Device
Shell	O
utilities	O
Does	O
nothing	O
,	O
but	O
exits	O
successfully	O
tty	O
Shell	O
utilities	O
Prints	O
terminal	B-General_Concept
name	O
uname	B-Device
Shell	O
utilities	O
Prints	O
system	O
information	O
unlink	B-Device
Shell	O
utilities	O
Removes	O
the	O
specified	O
file	O
using	O
the	O
unlink	B-Device
function	O
uptime	O
Shell	O
utilities	O
Tells	O
how	O
long	O
the	O
system	O
has	O
been	O
running	O
users	B-Application
Shell	O
utilities	O
Prints	O
the	O
user	O
names	O
of	O
users	B-Application
currently	O
logged	O
into	O
the	O
current	O
host	O
who	B-Application
Shell	O
utilities	O
Prints	O
a	O
list	O
of	O
all	O
users	B-Application
currently	O
logged	O
in	O
whoami	O
Shell	O
utilities	O
Prints	O
the	O
effective	O
userid	B-Application
yes	B-Device
Shell	O
utilities	O
Prints	O
a	O
string	O
repeatedly	O
[	O
Other	O
Utilities	O
A	O
synonym	O
for	O
test	B-Application
;	O
this	O
program	O
permits	O
expressions	O
like	O
[	O
expression	O
]	O
.	O
</s>
