<s>
A	O
leapfrog	B-Algorithm
filter	I-Algorithm
is	O
a	O
type	O
of	O
active	O
circuit	O
electronic	O
filter	O
that	O
simulates	O
a	O
passive	O
electronic	O
ladder	O
filter	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
arrangement	O
of	O
feedback	O
loops	O
in	O
the	O
signal	O
flow-graph	O
of	O
the	O
simulated	O
ladder	O
filter	O
inspired	O
the	O
name	O
leapfrog	B-Algorithm
filter	I-Algorithm
,	O
which	O
was	O
coined	O
by	O
Girling	O
and	O
Good	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
leapfrog	B-Algorithm
filter	I-Algorithm
maintains	O
the	O
low	O
component	O
sensitivity	O
of	O
the	O
passive	O
ladder	O
filter	O
that	O
it	O
simulates	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
definition	O
and	O
synthesis	O
of	O
leapfrog	B-Algorithm
filters	I-Algorithm
is	O
described	O
by	O
Temes	O
&	O
LaPatra	O
,	O
Sedra	O
&	O
Brackett	O
,	O
Chen	O
and	O
Wait	O
,	O
Huelsman	O
&	O
Korn	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Synthesis	O
of	O
leapfrog	B-Algorithm
filters	I-Algorithm
typically	O
includes	O
the	O
following	O
steps	O
:	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
arrangement	O
of	O
feedback	O
loops	O
in	O
the	O
signal	O
flow-graph	O
inspired	O
the	O
name	O
leapfrog	B-Algorithm
filter	I-Algorithm
.	O
</s>
<s>
A	O
leapfrog	B-Algorithm
filter	I-Algorithm
can	O
be	O
difficult	O
to	O
tune	O
because	O
of	O
the	O
complicated	O
feedback	O
.	O
</s>
