<s>
A	O
lavalier	B-Algorithm
microphone	I-Algorithm
or	O
lavalier	O
(	O
also	O
known	O
as	O
a	O
lav	O
,	O
lapel	B-Algorithm
mic	I-Algorithm
,	O
clip	O
mic	O
,	O
body	O
mic	O
,	O
collar	O
mic	O
,	O
neck	O
mic	O
or	O
personal	O
mic	O
)	O
is	O
a	O
small	O
microphone	B-Application
used	O
for	O
television	O
,	O
theater	O
,	O
and	O
public	O
speaking	O
applications	O
to	O
allow	O
hands-free	O
operation	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
These	O
miniature	O
microphones	B-Application
are	O
often	O
supplied	O
with	O
a	O
choice	O
of	O
push-on	O
grills	O
of	O
differing	O
lengths	O
that	O
provide	O
gentle	O
high-frequency	O
boost	O
by	O
forming	O
a	O
resonant	O
cavity	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Lapel	B-Algorithm
microphones	I-Algorithm
date	O
from	O
1932	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
term	O
referred	O
to	O
any	O
small	O
microphone	B-Application
that	O
could	O
be	O
hooked	O
into	O
the	O
buttonhole	O
of	O
the	O
lapel	O
of	O
a	O
coat	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
lapel	B-Algorithm
microphone	I-Algorithm
offered	O
freedom	O
of	O
movement	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Its	O
use	O
as	O
the	O
name	O
of	O
a	O
type	O
of	O
microphone	B-Application
originates	O
from	O
the	O
1930s	O
,	O
when	O
various	O
practical	O
solutions	O
to	O
microphone	B-Application
use	O
involved	O
hanging	O
the	O
microphone	B-Application
from	O
the	O
neck	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
For	O
instance	O
,	O
a	O
Dictaphone	O
microphone	B-Application
could	O
be	O
suspended	O
on	O
a	O
cord	O
around	O
the	O
neck	O
in	O
order	O
to	O
retain	O
some	O
degree	O
of	O
freedom	O
of	O
movement	O
while	O
recording	O
one	O
's	O
voice	O
onto	O
a	O
wax	O
cylinder	O
in	O
1941	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Telephone	O
operators	O
and	O
air	O
traffic	O
controllers	O
used	O
microphones	B-Application
that	O
rested	O
on	O
the	O
chest	O
and	O
were	O
secured	O
by	O
a	O
strap	O
around	O
the	O
neck	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
the	O
1950s	O
,	O
some	O
microphone	B-Application
models	O
were	O
designed	O
to	O
be	O
hung	O
on	O
a	O
string	O
around	O
the	O
neck	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
1953	O
,	O
Electro-Voice	O
introduced	O
the	O
Model	O
647A	O
,	O
a	O
small	O
omnidirectional	O
dynamic	O
microphone	B-Application
fitted	O
with	O
a	O
cord	O
to	O
go	O
around	O
the	O
neck	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
1954	O
,	O
Shure	O
Brothers	O
offered	O
the	O
larger	O
530	O
Slendyne	O
,	O
which	O
could	O
be	O
handheld	O
,	O
mounted	O
on	O
a	O
microphone	B-Application
stand	O
,	O
or	O
worn	O
around	O
the	O
neck	O
on	O
a	O
"	O
lavalier	O
cord.	O
"	O
</s>
<s>
Lavalier	B-Algorithm
microphones	I-Algorithm
are	O
attached	O
differently	O
depending	O
on	O
the	O
nature	O
of	O
their	O
use	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
theater	O
applications	O
where	O
the	O
microphone	B-Application
is	O
used	O
to	O
amplify	O
an	O
actor	O
or	O
a	O
singer	O
's	O
voice	O
,	O
lavaliers	O
are	O
typically	O
concealed	O
in	O
the	O
performer	O
's	O
hair	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
also	O
adds	O
to	O
the	O
suspension	O
of	O
disbelief	O
,	O
since	O
the	O
characters	O
themselves	O
would	O
not	O
be	O
wearing	O
microphones	B-Application
,	O
especially	O
if	O
the	O
plot	O
is	O
set	O
in	O
a	O
time	O
before	O
lavalier	B-Algorithm
microphones	I-Algorithm
existed	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Occasionally	O
,	O
specially	O
designed	O
skin-color	O
headsets	O
known	O
as	O
"	O
headworn	O
microphones	B-Application
"	O
are	O
used	O
in	O
stage	O
applications	O
when	O
actors	O
spend	O
a	O
good	O
deal	O
of	O
their	O
performance	O
singing	O
and	O
moving	O
around	O
quickly	O
,	O
such	O
as	O
in	O
stage	O
musicals	O
and	O
in	O
lecture	O
or	O
presentation	O
scenarios	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
A	O
headworn	O
microphone	B-Application
is	O
essentially	O
a	O
lavalier	O
on	O
a	O
stiff	O
wire	O
mount	O
that	O
loops	O
over	O
the	O
performer	O
's	O
ear	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
boom	O
microphone	B-Application
typically	O
sounds	O
"	O
better	O
"	O
and	O
more	O
natural	O
than	O
a	O
lavalier	B-Algorithm
mic	I-Algorithm
and	O
is	O
always	O
a	O
soundperson	O
's	O
first	O
choice	O
;	O
however	O
,	O
for	O
exterior	O
location	O
shooting	O
,	O
it	O
often	O
may	O
be	O
more	O
practical	O
to	O
use	O
a	O
lavalier	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
One	O
such	O
situation	O
would	O
be	O
during	O
a	O
wide	O
shot	O
that	O
forces	O
the	O
boom	O
operator	O
to	O
keep	O
a	O
distance	O
from	O
the	O
speaker	O
that	O
is	O
not	O
close	O
enough	O
to	O
achieve	O
a	O
good	O
signal-to-noise	O
ratio	O
with	O
the	O
microphone	B-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
that	O
instance	O
,	O
a	O
lavalier	B-Algorithm
microphone	I-Algorithm
hidden	O
on	O
the	O
speaker	O
would	O
achieve	O
better	O
signal-to-noise	O
ratio	O
for	O
recording	O
speech	O
because	O
of	O
its	O
proximity	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
When	O
lavalier	B-Algorithm
microphones	I-Algorithm
are	O
concealed	O
under	O
clothing	O
,	O
the	O
clothing	O
often	O
scratches	O
against	O
the	O
microphone	B-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
To	O
minimize	O
this	O
problem	O
,	O
sound	O
recordists	O
sometimes	O
wrap	O
the	O
head	O
of	O
the	O
microphones	B-Application
in	O
moleskin	O
or	O
place	O
it	O
inside	O
a	O
hollow-centered	O
,	O
column-shaped	O
sponge	O
and	O
place	O
it	O
under	O
a	O
placard	O
,	O
behind	O
a	O
button	O
,	O
or	O
within	O
the	O
knot	O
of	O
a	O
tie	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
transmitter	O
pack	O
to	O
which	O
the	O
microphone	B-Application
is	O
attached	O
may	O
also	O
need	O
to	O
be	O
hidden	O
under	O
a	O
person	O
's	O
clothing	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
a	O
1984	O
study	O
administered	O
by	O
Cornell	O
University	O
's	O
College	O
of	O
Arts	O
and	O
Sciences	O
,	O
it	O
was	O
found	O
that	O
the	O
use	O
of	O
lavalier	B-Algorithm
microphones	I-Algorithm
in	O
an	O
academic	O
setting	O
was	O
beneficial	O
to	O
the	O
dissemination	O
of	O
information	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
By	O
allowing	O
a	O
presenter	O
to	O
move	O
freely	O
in	O
a	O
presenting	O
space	O
,	O
the	O
lavalier	B-Algorithm
microphone	I-Algorithm
allows	O
the	O
presenter	O
to	O
offer	O
continuous	O
visual	O
stimulation	O
to	O
the	O
audience	O
,	O
enabling	O
the	O
speaker	O
to	O
hold	O
their	O
attention	O
longer	O
or	O
more	O
easily	O
.	O
</s>
