<s>
LS-DYNA	B-Algorithm
is	O
an	O
advanced	O
general-purpose	O
multiphysics	O
simulation	O
software	O
package	O
developed	O
by	O
the	O
former	O
Livermore	O
Software	O
Technology	O
Corporation	O
(	O
LSTC	O
)	O
,	O
which	O
was	O
acquired	O
by	O
Ansys	B-Application
in	O
2019	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
While	O
the	O
package	O
continues	O
to	O
contain	O
more	O
and	O
more	O
possibilities	O
for	O
the	O
calculation	O
of	O
many	O
complex	O
,	O
real	O
world	O
problems	O
,	O
its	O
origins	O
and	O
core-competency	O
lie	O
in	O
highly	O
nonlinear	O
transient	O
dynamic	O
finite	B-Application
element	I-Application
analysis	I-Application
(	O
FEA	B-Application
)	O
using	O
explicit	O
time	O
integration	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
LS-DYNA	B-Algorithm
is	O
used	O
by	O
the	O
automobile	O
,	O
aerospace	O
,	O
construction	O
and	O
civil	O
engineering	O
,	O
military	O
,	O
manufacturing	O
,	O
and	O
bioengineering	O
industries	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
LS-DYNA	B-Algorithm
originated	O
from	O
the	O
3D	O
FEA	B-Application
program	O
DYNA3D	O
,	O
developed	O
by	O
Dr.	O
John	O
O	O
.	O
Hallquist	O
at	O
Lawrence	O
Livermore	O
National	O
Laboratory	O
(	O
LLNL	O
)	O
in	O
1976	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
added	O
features	O
included	O
beams	O
,	O
shells	O
,	O
rigid	O
bodies	O
,	O
single	O
surface	O
contact	O
,	O
interface	O
friction	O
,	O
discrete	O
springs	O
and	O
dampers	O
,	O
optional	O
hourglass	O
treatments	O
,	O
optional	O
exact	O
volume	O
integration	O
,	O
and	O
VAX/VMS	B-Operating_System
,	O
IBM	O
,	O
UNIX	B-Application
,	O
COS	B-Operating_System
operating	O
system	O
compatibility	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
This	O
version	O
included	O
changes	O
to	O
the	O
shell	O
elements	O
,	O
and	O
dynamic	B-Algorithm
relaxation	I-Algorithm
.	O
</s>
<s>
By	O
1988	O
LLNL	O
had	O
sent	O
approximately	O
600	O
tapes	B-Architecture
containing	O
simulation	O
software	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
As	O
a	O
result	O
,	O
at	O
the	O
end	O
of	O
1988	O
Livermore	O
Software	O
Technology	O
Corporation	O
(	O
LSTC	O
)	O
was	O
founded	O
to	O
continue	O
the	O
development	O
of	O
DYNA3D	O
in	O
a	O
much	O
more	O
focused	O
manner	O
,	O
resulting	O
in	O
LS-DYNA3D	O
(	O
later	O
shortened	O
to	O
LS-DYNA	B-Algorithm
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Since	O
then	O
,	O
LSTC	O
has	O
greatly	O
expanded	O
the	O
capabilities	O
of	O
LS-DYNA	B-Algorithm
in	O
an	O
attempt	O
to	O
create	O
a	O
universal	O
tool	O
for	O
most	O
simulation	O
needs	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
2019	O
,	O
LSTC	O
was	O
acquired	O
by	O
Ansys	B-Application
,	I-Application
Inc	I-Application
.	I-Application
</s>
<s>
Manufacturing	O
(	O
sheet	O
metal	B-Application
stamping	I-Application
,	O
...	O
)	O
</s>
<s>
LS-DYNA	B-Algorithm
consists	O
of	O
a	O
single	O
executable	O
file	O
and	O
is	O
entirely	O
command-line	O
driven	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Therefore	O
,	O
all	O
that	O
is	O
required	O
to	O
run	O
LS-DYNA	B-Algorithm
is	O
a	O
command	O
shell	O
,	O
the	O
executable	O
,	O
an	O
input	O
file	O
,	O
and	O
enough	O
free	O
disk	O
space	O
to	O
run	O
the	O
calculation	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
All	O
input	O
files	O
are	O
in	O
simple	O
ASCII	B-Protocol
format	O
and	O
thus	O
can	O
be	O
prepared	O
using	O
any	O
text	B-Application
editor	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
Input	O
files	O
can	O
also	O
be	O
prepared	O
with	O
the	O
aid	O
of	O
a	O
graphical	O
preprocessor	B-General_Concept
.	O
</s>
<s>
There	O
are	O
many	O
third-party	O
software	O
products	O
available	O
for	O
preprocessing	O
LS-DYNA	B-Algorithm
input	O
files	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
LSTC	O
also	O
develops	O
its	O
own	O
preprocessor	B-General_Concept
,	O
,	O
which	O
is	O
freely	O
distributed	O
and	O
runs	O
without	O
a	O
license	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Licensees	O
of	O
LS-DYNA	B-Algorithm
automatically	O
have	O
access	O
to	O
all	O
of	O
the	O
program	O
's	O
capabilities	O
,	O
from	O
simple	O
linear	O
static	O
mechanical	O
analysis	O
up	O
to	O
advanced	O
thermal	O
and	O
flow	O
solving	O
methods	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Furthermore	O
,	O
they	O
have	O
full	O
use	O
of	O
LSTC	O
's	O
software	O
,	O
a	O
standalone	O
design	O
optimization	O
and	O
probabilistic	O
analysis	O
package	O
with	O
an	O
interface	O
to	O
LS-DYNA	B-Algorithm
.	O
</s>
<s>
LS-DYNA	B-Algorithm
'	O
s	O
potential	O
applications	O
are	O
numerous	O
and	O
can	O
be	O
tailored	O
to	O
many	O
fields	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
LS-DYNA	B-Algorithm
is	O
not	O
limited	O
to	O
any	O
particular	O
type	O
of	O
simulation	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
a	O
given	O
simulation	O
,	O
any	O
of	O
LS-DYNA	B-Algorithm
'	O
s	O
many	O
features	O
can	O
be	O
combined	O
to	O
model	O
a	O
wide	O
variety	O
of	O
physical	O
events	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
LS-DYNA	B-Algorithm
'	O
s	O
analysis	O
capabilities	O
:	O
</s>
<s>
LS-DYNA	B-Algorithm
'	O
s	O
comprehensive	O
library	O
of	O
material	O
models	O
:	O
</s>
<s>
Some	O
of	O
the	O
element	O
types	O
available	O
in	O
LS-DYNA	B-Algorithm
:	O
</s>
<s>
LS-DYNA	B-Algorithm
'	O
s	O
contact	O
algorithms	O
:	O
</s>
<s>
LS-DYNA	B-Algorithm
is	O
used	O
by	O
the	O
automotive	O
industry	O
to	O
analyze	O
vehicle	O
designs	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
LS-DYNA	B-Algorithm
accurately	O
predicts	O
a	O
car	O
's	O
behavior	O
in	O
a	O
collision	O
and	O
the	O
effects	O
of	O
the	O
collision	O
upon	O
the	O
car	O
's	O
occupants	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
With	O
LS-DYNA	B-Algorithm
,	O
automotive	O
companies	O
and	O
their	O
suppliers	O
can	O
test	O
car	O
designs	O
without	O
having	O
to	O
tool	O
or	O
experimentally	O
test	O
a	O
prototype	O
,	O
thus	O
saving	O
time	O
and	O
expense	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
LS-DYNA	B-Algorithm
'	O
s	O
specialized	O
automotive	O
features	O
:	O
</s>
<s>
One	O
of	O
LS-DYNA	B-Algorithm
'	O
s	O
applications	O
is	O
sheetmetal	O
forming	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
LS-DYNA	B-Algorithm
accurately	O
predicts	O
the	O
stresses	O
and	O
deformations	O
experienced	O
by	O
the	O
metal	O
,	O
and	O
determines	O
if	O
the	O
metal	O
will	O
fail	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
LS-DYNA	B-Algorithm
supports	O
adaptive	O
remeshing	O
and	O
will	O
refine	O
the	O
mesh	O
during	O
the	O
analysis	O
,	O
as	O
necessary	O
,	O
to	O
increase	O
accuracy	O
and	O
save	O
time	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Metal	O
forming	O
applications	O
for	O
LS-DYNA	B-Algorithm
include	O
:	O
</s>
<s>
LS-DYNA	B-Algorithm
is	O
used	O
by	O
the	O
aerospace	O
industry	O
to	O
simulate	O
bird	O
strike	O
,	O
jet	O
engine	O
blade	O
containment	O
,	O
and	O
structural	O
failure	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Aerospace	O
applications	O
for	O
LS-DYNA	B-Algorithm
include	O
:	O
</s>
<s>
LS-DYNA	B-Algorithm
is	O
used	O
extensively	O
by	O
researchers	O
from	O
military	O
and	O
defense	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
LS-DYNA	B-Algorithm
is	O
used	O
in	O
oil	O
and	O
gas	O
industries	O
to	O
perform	O
fatigue	O
analysis	O
on	O
offshore	O
structures	O
,	O
failure	O
analysis	O
of	O
ships	O
under	O
the	O
event	O
of	O
collision	O
,	O
and	O
simulate	O
fluid	O
structure	O
interactions	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
LS-DYNA	B-Algorithm
applications	O
for	O
oil	O
and	O
gas	O
industry	O
include	O
:	O
</s>
<s>
Other	O
LS-DYNA	B-Algorithm
applications	O
include	O
:	O
</s>
