<s>
The	O
Lotus	O
Multi-Byte	O
Character	B-General_Concept
Set	I-General_Concept
(	O
LMBCS	B-Application
)	O
is	O
a	O
proprietary	O
multi-byte	O
character	B-General_Concept
encoding	I-General_Concept
originally	O
conceived	O
in	O
1988	O
at	O
Lotus	O
Development	O
Corporation	O
with	O
input	O
from	O
Bob	O
Balaban	O
and	O
others	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Created	O
around	O
the	O
same	O
time	O
and	O
addressing	O
some	O
of	O
the	O
same	O
problems	O
,	O
LMBCS	B-Application
could	O
be	O
viewed	O
as	O
parallel	O
development	O
and	O
possible	O
alternative	O
to	O
Unicode	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
For	O
maximum	O
compatibility	O
,	O
later	O
issues	O
of	O
LMBCS	B-Application
incorporate	O
UTF-16	O
as	O
a	O
subset	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Commercially	O
,	O
LMBCS	B-Application
was	O
first	O
introduced	O
as	O
the	O
default	O
character	B-General_Concept
set	I-General_Concept
of	O
Lotus	B-Application
1-2-3	I-Application
Release	O
3	O
for	O
DOS	B-Device
in	O
March	O
1989	O
and	O
Lotus	O
1-2-3/G	O
Release	O
1	O
for	O
OS/2	B-Application
in	O
1990	O
replacing	O
the	O
8-bit	O
Lotus	O
International	B-General_Concept
Character	I-General_Concept
Set	I-General_Concept
(	O
LICS	O
)	O
and	O
ASCII	B-Protocol
used	O
in	O
earlier	O
DOS-only	O
versions	O
of	O
Lotus	B-Application
1-2-3	I-Application
and	O
Symphony	B-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
LMBCS	B-Application
is	O
also	O
used	O
in	O
IBM/Lotus	O
SmartSuite	O
,	O
Notes	B-Operating_System
and	O
Domino	B-Operating_System
,	O
as	O
well	O
as	O
in	O
a	O
number	O
of	O
third-party	O
products	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
LMBCS	B-Application
encodes	O
the	O
characters	O
required	O
for	O
languages	O
using	O
the	O
Latin	O
,	O
Arabic	O
,	O
Hebrew	O
,	O
Greek	O
and	O
Cyrillic	O
scripts	O
,	O
the	O
Thai	O
,	O
Chinese	O
,	O
Japanese	O
and	O
Korean	O
writing	O
systems	O
,	O
and	O
technical	O
symbols	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Technically	O
,	O
LMBCS	B-Application
is	O
a	O
lead-byte	O
encoding	O
where	O
code	O
point	O
00hex	O
as	O
well	O
as	O
code	O
points	O
20hex	O
(	O
32	O
)	O
to	O
7Fhex	O
(	O
127	O
)	O
are	O
identical	O
to	O
ASCII	B-Protocol
(	O
as	O
well	O
as	O
to	O
LICS	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Code	O
point	O
00hex	O
is	O
always	O
treated	O
as	O
NUL	O
character	O
to	O
ensure	O
maximum	O
code	O
compatibility	O
with	O
existing	O
software	O
libraries	O
dealing	O
with	O
null-terminated	B-Data_Structure
strings	I-Data_Structure
in	O
many	O
programming	O
languages	O
such	O
as	O
C	B-Language
.	O
This	O
applies	O
even	O
to	O
the	O
UTF-16be	O
codes	O
,	O
where	O
code	O
words	O
with	O
the	O
form	O
xx00hex	O
are	O
mapped	O
to	O
private-use	O
codes	O
with	O
the	O
form	O
F6xxhex	O
during	O
encoding	O
in	O
order	O
to	O
avoid	O
the	O
use	O
of	O
NUL	O
bytes	O
,	O
and	O
to	O
escaped	O
control	O
characters	O
,	O
where	O
20hex	O
is	O
added	O
to	O
the	O
C0	O
(	O
but	O
not	O
C1	O
)	O
control	O
characters	O
following	O
the	O
0Fhex	O
lead	O
byte	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Code	O
points	O
01hex	O
to	O
1Fhex	O
,	O
which	O
serve	O
as	O
control	O
codes	O
in	O
ASCII	B-Protocol
,	O
are	O
used	O
as	O
lead	O
bytes	O
to	O
switch	O
the	O
definition	O
of	O
code	O
points	O
above	O
7Fhex	O
between	O
several	O
code	O
groups	O
(	O
similar	O
to	O
code	O
pages	O
)	O
and	O
at	O
the	O
same	O
time	O
determine	O
either	O
a	O
single	O
-	O
or	O
multi-byte	O
nature	O
for	O
the	O
corresponding	O
code	O
group	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
For	O
example	O
,	O
code	O
group	O
1	O
(	O
with	O
group	O
byte	O
01hex	O
)	O
is	O
almost	O
identical	O
to	O
the	O
SBCS	B-General_Concept
code	O
page	O
850	O
,	O
whereas	O
code	O
group	O
16	O
(	O
with	O
group	O
byte	O
10hex	O
)	O
is	O
similar	O
to	O
the	O
Japanese	O
MBCS	O
code	O
page	O
932	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
canonical	O
LMBCS	B-Application
,	O
each	O
character	O
starts	O
with	O
its	O
group	O
byte	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
To	O
reduce	O
the	O
length	O
,	O
in	O
optimized	O
or	O
compressed	O
LMBCS	B-Application
a	O
default	O
code	O
group	O
or	O
optimization	O
group	O
code	O
can	O
be	O
defined	O
on	O
a	O
per	O
application	O
or	O
process	O
basis	O
(	O
ideally	O
chosen	O
according	O
to	O
the	O
highest	O
likelihood	O
of	O
occurrence	O
)	O
and	O
must	O
be	O
communicated	O
to	O
the	O
interpreting	O
code	O
in	O
some	O
way	O
(	O
f.e.	O
</s>
<s>
by	O
specifying	O
the	O
corresponding	O
"	O
LMBCS-n	O
"	O
name	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Lotus	B-Application
1-2-3	I-Application
retrieves	O
the	O
optimization	O
group	O
code	O
from	O
the	O
file	O
header	O
of	O
the	O
corresponding	O
source	O
file	O
,	O
whereas	O
for	O
Lotus	B-Operating_System
Notes	I-Operating_System
the	O
optimization	O
group	O
code	O
is	O
fixed	O
to	O
be	O
always	O
01hex	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Without	O
prefix	O
byte	O
the	O
code	O
points	O
32	O
(	O
20hex	O
)	O
to	O
127	O
(	O
7Fhex	O
)	O
are	O
interpreted	O
as	O
follows	O
(	O
corresponding	O
to	O
LMBCS	B-Application
codes	O
32	O
to	O
127	O
)	O
:	O
</s>
<s>
LMBCS	B-Application
group	O
1	O
code	O
points	O
128	O
(	O
80hex	O
)	O
to	O
255	O
(	O
FFhex	O
)	O
are	O
identical	O
to	O
the	O
corresponding	O
code	O
points	O
in	O
code	O
page	O
850	O
(	O
DOS	B-Device
Latin-1	O
)	O
,	O
whereas	O
code	O
points	O
1	O
(	O
01hex	O
)	O
to	O
127	O
(	O
7Fhex	O
)	O
are	O
defined	O
according	O
to	O
the	O
following	O
exception	O
list	O
(	O
corresponding	O
to	O
LMBCS	B-Application
codes	O
256	O
to	O
383	O
)	O
:	O
</s>
<s>
LMBCS	B-Application
group	O
2	O
code	O
points	O
128	O
(	O
80hex	O
)	O
to	O
255	O
(	O
FFhex	O
)	O
are	O
identical	O
to	O
the	O
corresponding	O
code	O
points	O
in	O
code	O
page	O
851	O
(	O
DOS	B-Device
Greek	O
)	O
,	O
whereas	O
code	O
points	O
1	O
(	O
01hex	O
)	O
to	O
127	O
(	O
7Fhex	O
)	O
are	O
defined	O
according	O
to	O
the	O
following	O
exception	O
list	O
:	O
</s>
<s>
LMBCS	B-Application
group	O
6	O
code	O
points	O
128	O
(	O
80hex	O
)	O
to	O
255	O
(	O
FFhex	O
)	O
are	O
identical	O
to	O
the	O
corresponding	O
code	O
points	O
in	O
code	O
page	O
852	O
(	O
DOS	B-Device
Latin-2	O
)	O
,	O
whereas	O
code	O
points	O
1	O
(	O
01hex	O
)	O
to	O
127	O
(	O
7Fhex	O
)	O
are	O
defined	O
according	O
to	O
the	O
following	O
exception	O
list	O
:	O
</s>
