<s>
Kubeflow	B-General_Concept
is	O
an	O
open-source	B-Application
platform	I-Application
for	O
machine	O
learning	O
and	O
MLOps	B-General_Concept
on	O
Kubernetes	B-General_Concept
introduced	O
by	O
Google	B-Application
.	I-Application
</s>
<s>
The	O
different	O
stages	O
in	O
a	O
typical	O
machine	B-General_Concept
learning	I-General_Concept
lifecycle	I-General_Concept
are	O
represented	O
with	O
different	O
software	B-Architecture
components	I-Architecture
in	O
Kubeflow	B-General_Concept
,	O
including	O
model	O
development	O
(	O
Kubeflow	B-General_Concept
Notebooks	O
)	O
,	O
model	O
training	O
(	O
Kubeflow	B-General_Concept
Pipelines	O
,	O
Kubeflow	B-General_Concept
Training	O
Operator	O
)	O
,	O
model	O
serving	O
(	O
KServe	O
)	O
,	O
and	O
automated	B-General_Concept
machine	I-General_Concept
learning	I-General_Concept
(	O
Katib	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Each	O
component	O
of	O
Kubeflow	B-General_Concept
can	O
be	O
deployed	O
separately	O
,	O
and	O
it	O
is	O
not	O
a	O
requirement	O
to	O
deploy	O
every	O
component	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
Kubeflow	B-General_Concept
project	O
was	O
first	O
announced	O
at	O
KubeCon	B-Application
+	I-Application
CloudNativeCon	I-Application
North	I-Application
America	I-Application
2017	I-Application
by	O
Google	B-Application
engineers	O
David	O
Aronchick	O
,	O
Jeremy	O
Lewi	O
,	O
and	O
Vishnu	O
Kannan	O
to	O
address	O
a	O
perceived	O
lack	O
of	O
flexible	O
options	O
for	O
building	O
production-ready	O
machine	O
learning	O
systems	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
project	O
has	O
also	O
stated	O
it	O
began	O
as	O
a	O
way	O
for	O
Google	B-Application
to	O
open-source	B-Application
how	O
they	O
ran	O
TensorFlow	B-Language
internally	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
first	O
release	O
of	O
Kubeflow	B-General_Concept
(	O
Kubeflow	B-General_Concept
0.1	O
)	O
was	O
announced	O
at	O
KubeCon	O
+	O
CloudNativeCon	O
Europe	O
2018	O
with	O
claims	O
of	O
having	O
already	O
become	O
among	O
the	O
top	O
2%	O
of	O
GitHub	B-Application
projects	O
ever	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Kubeflow	B-General_Concept
1.0	O
was	O
released	O
in	O
March	O
2020	O
via	O
a	O
public	O
blog	O
post	O
announcing	O
that	O
many	O
Kubeflow	B-General_Concept
components	O
were	O
graduating	O
to	O
a	O
"	O
stable	O
status	O
"	O
,	O
indicating	O
they	O
were	O
now	O
ready	O
for	O
production	O
usage	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Machine	O
learning	O
models	O
are	O
developed	O
in	O
the	O
notebooks	O
component	O
called	O
Kubeflow	B-General_Concept
Notebooks	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
component	O
runs	O
web-based	O
development	O
environments	O
inside	O
a	O
Kubernetes	B-General_Concept
cluster	O
,	O
with	O
native	O
support	O
for	O
Jupyter	O
Notebook	O
,	O
Visual	B-Language
Studio	I-Language
Code	I-Language
,	O
and	O
RStudio	B-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
Once	O
developed	O
,	O
models	O
are	O
trained	O
in	O
the	O
Kubeflow	B-General_Concept
Pipelines	O
component	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
component	O
acts	O
as	O
a	O
platform	O
for	O
building	O
and	O
deploying	O
portable	B-Architecture
,	O
scalable	O
machine	O
learning	O
workflows	O
based	O
on	O
Docker	O
containers	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Google	B-General_Concept
Cloud	I-General_Concept
Platform	I-General_Concept
has	O
adopted	O
the	O
Kubeflow	B-General_Concept
Pipelines	O
DSL	O
within	O
its	O
Vertex	O
AI	O
Pipelines	O
product	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
For	O
certain	O
machine	O
learning	O
models	O
and	O
libraries	O
,	O
the	O
Kubeflow	B-General_Concept
Training	O
Operator	O
component	O
provides	O
Kubernetes	B-General_Concept
custom	O
resources	O
support	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
component	O
runs	O
distributed	O
or	O
non-distributed	O
TensorFlow	B-Language
,	O
PyTorch	B-Algorithm
,	O
Apache	B-Algorithm
MXNet	I-Algorithm
,	O
XGBoost	B-Language
,	O
and	O
MPI	B-Library
training	O
jobs	O
on	O
Kubernetes	B-General_Concept
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
KServe	O
component	O
(	O
previously	O
named	O
KFServing	O
)	O
provides	O
Kubernetes	B-General_Concept
custom	O
resources	O
for	O
serving	O
machine	O
learning	O
models	O
on	O
arbitrary	O
frameworks	O
including	O
TensorFlow	B-Language
,	O
XGBoost	B-Language
,	O
scikit-learn	B-Application
,	O
PyTorch	B-Algorithm
,	O
and	O
ONNX	B-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
KServe	O
was	O
developed	O
collaboratively	O
by	O
Google	B-Application
,	O
IBM	O
,	O
Bloomberg	O
,	O
NVIDIA	O
,	O
and	O
Seldon	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Lastly	O
,	O
Kubeflow	B-General_Concept
includes	O
a	O
component	O
for	O
automated	B-General_Concept
training	I-General_Concept
and	I-General_Concept
development	I-General_Concept
of	I-General_Concept
machine	I-General_Concept
learning	I-General_Concept
models	I-General_Concept
,	O
the	O
Katib	O
component	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
is	O
described	O
as	O
a	O
Kubernetes-native	O
project	O
and	O
features	O
hyperparameter	B-General_Concept
tuning	I-General_Concept
,	O
early	B-Algorithm
stopping	I-Algorithm
,	O
and	O
neural	B-General_Concept
architecture	I-General_Concept
search	I-General_Concept
.	O
</s>
